Infectious bursal disease (IBD) in chickens is an acute, high-exposure infectious disease caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in chicks. In 1957, the disease first occurred in the broiler flock in Ganpaul Town, Delaware, usa, and was introduced to China in the late 1970s, and the disease was widely prevalent in chicken countries and regions in the world, and it is also one of the important infectious diseases that seriously threaten China's chicken industry. The disease mainly affects young chickens and young chickens, the onset of acute, short course of disease, damage to the central immune organs of the bursa, can lead to immunosuppression, and can make a variety of vaccine immunization failure, induce a variety of diseases, to the chicken industry caused huge economic losses.
What are the symptoms of infectious bursal disease in chickens?
Infectious bursal disease in chickens can infect all breeds of chickens, mainly occurring at 2-15 weeks of age, especially 3-6 weeks of age, and adult chickens generally have a recessive passage. Sick chickens and latently infected chickens are the main source of infection, and contaminated cages, utensils, feed, drinking water and bedding can be transmitted through contact. The incubation period of the disease is 2-3 days. In the early stages, the chickens suddenly fell ill, showing depression, decreased appetite, loose feathers, and some chickens pecked at their anus. Immediately appear hanging head, drowsiness, wings drooping, crowded, row of white rice soup or watery stool, feathers around the anus contaminated with feces, 72 hours after illness, body temperature of 43 ° C - 43.5 ° C, death occurs on the 3rd day after infection, 5-7 days of death peak; the sick chicken is emaciated, showing rickets, slow growth, low feed utilization, and decreased production capacity. Some sick chickens are infected with the IBD variant strain, and the clinical symptoms are not obvious and they are in a state of hidden infection.
How to prevent infectious bursal disease in chickens?
Due to the strong resistance of chicken bursal disease virus, it can exist in chicken coops for a long time, and it is difficult to completely purify, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken for the prevention and treatment of infectious bursal disease in chickens.
(1) Adopt strict and effective sanitation and disinfection measures. Thoroughly clean, rinse and disinfect the chicken coop, environment, cages, utensils, etc., at least 3-4 times a week; especially the eggs, incubators, incubators and brooding rooms should be strictly disinfected to prevent IBDV from infecting chicks early; disinfection should be used with iodine-containing preparations, peracetic acid, formalin and other drugs to take spray, fumigation and other methods, disinfectants should be rotated, the effect is better.
(2) Do a good job in the vaccination of breeders and chicks. After inactivating the seedlings with ibd oil emulsion twice at 18-20 weeks of age and 40-42 weeks of age, the breeding flock can produce high antibody levels and pass them on to the offspring, so that the chicks can obtain neater and higher maternal antibodies, which are well protected within 2-3 weeks of age and prevent the chicks from being infected early. Chick immunization, should first detect the level of maternal antibodies of chicks, according to the local epidemic characteristics, pollution degree, chicken farm health status and maternal antibody consumption, formulate scientific and reasonable immunization procedures, select appropriate vaccines and the first exemption day age, timely immunization. Under normal circumstances, chicks with low antibody levels or no maternal antibodies should choose a weak vaccine, a medium virulence vaccine when the second exemption, and a medium virulence vaccine for young chickens with maternal antibodies; for chicken farms with a serious degree of chicken bursal disease virus pollution, they can use live vaccines with medium to strong virulence, and they have a strong ability to break through maternal antibodies and have a better immune effect.
(3) Strengthen breeding management and improve the resistance of chickens. Attach importance to biosecurity management, adopt a full-in, all-out breeding model, put an end to the polyculture of chickens of different day-olds, and strictly isolate and manage the entire brooding period to reduce the risk of disease. To feed high-quality, full-price, fresh feed, there is a reasonable breeding density, the temperature, humidity and light of the chicken coop should be appropriate, the ventilation is good, and various stress factors should be avoided to adversely affect the chickens.
(4) Early detection, early diagnosis and treatment. It is necessary to regularly observe the chickens, find that the sick chickens are immediately isolated and diagnosed as soon as possible, carry out comprehensive and thorough disinfection of the chicken coops, chicken flocks, utensils, etc., and do harmless treatment such as burning and deep burial of the sick and dead chickens. Chickens with confirmed Bursal disease can be treated with drugs such as gram cyst, quick-acting tube cyst dispersion, detoxification and anti-inflammatory spirit and special sac care, and drink water with oral rehydration salts to alleviate dehydration of the body; use antibacterial drugs and immune enhancement drugs to control secondary infection of chickens. At the same time, the diseased flock is urgently prevented and treated with high-free yolk fluid in the early stage with infectious bursal disease in chickens, 1-1.5 ml/piece, and can also be used for high-free serum, 0.5~1 ml/piece, intramuscular injection. Chickens that have been injected with high-free yolk solution are immunized with a moderately virulent vaccine after 1 week. With the treatment, the effect will be better if the virology can be used to strengthen the lithromycin mixture, or to feed with the virulence plus plate blue root mixture mixture.
The above is "What are the symptoms of infectious bursal disease in chickens?" How to prevent infectious bursal disease in chickens? "The introduction of all the contents hopes to be helpful to everyone's breeding, scientific breeding."