Time is here, or in the narrow or spacious streets and alleys, quietly passing, people slowly forget the ancient legends, but they are creating new stories.
"Old Beijing on the Street Corner", the author Lu Wenlong, a native of Beijing, entered Beijing Television in 2003 and has hosted columns such as "Roaming the Four Seas", "Here is Beijing", "Life 2015", "Starry Night Story" and other columns, with Beijing flavor hosting as a unique style. He was nominated for the 2010 China Broadcasting Host Golden Microphone TV Hosting Work, and was the top ten hosts loved by Beijing Television in 2011 and 2013.
As a native of Beijing, Aaron grew up with this ancient city. He deeply loves the culture of Beijing, with delicate brushstrokes and vivid words, he takes you to taste the Beijing cuisine that still exists in the streets and alleys of Beijing, and taste the culture and relics belonging to old Beijing.
He saw that the old Beijing, which was full of culture, was gradually existing in people's memories, and the modern city with bright lights and noisy voices was gradually rising, and his heart was full of nostalgia and reluctance.
The book slowly tells the readers about the authentic old Beijing eating, drinking, customs and culture scattered in the streets and alleys of Beijing today, not only to guide the direction for the reader to personally experience the old Beijing style, but also to share the old Beijing feelings in his heart with everyone.
This article will focus on the following three aspects of analysis, and in the fourth part of the elaboration of the practical significance of effective cultural inheritance:
There are many rules in the courtyard, quiet and peaceful
A roasted liver, did you eat it?
The big tea house on the central axis, smacking the taste
"Listening to the flowing water, sitting idly and watching the Spring and Autumn", the scenery of the whole city of Beijing cannot compete with the delicacy in this courtyard.
People who come to Beijing to travel, even if they take a shallow tricycle to turn around the hutongs and visit the courtyard, even if they are not well-versed, it is a must-do thing when they come to Beijing.
For Beijingers, courtyards and hutongs are a kind of emotion that melts in the blood and cannot be abandoned. When it comes to Beijing's iconic houses, anyone will say it without thinking – the courtyard.
Many people may remember that in the 1990s, there was a set of 21 stamps with a face value of 8 cents, showing the folk architecture of 21 provinces and cities, and the stamp representing Beijing was designed with a courtyard.
Speaking of the courtyard, it is very disciplined, because it reflects the rules of Beijingers from small living habits to large ethical guidelines. In "Dream of the Red Chamber", there is such a description, Aunt Xue has to talk to the male servant through the curtain, and the lady and wife of the family cannot communicate with the male servant casually. Some tutors are stricter, male servants enter the inner courtyard because of special circumstances, and female dependents must avoid.
In this view, a small courtyard house covers the elderly and the young. Here, the building is no longer a cold brick and wood structure, it covers the wisdom and fine traditions of the ancients.
While Beijing has become an international metropolis, it is also adhering to its personality that has been precipitated for hundreds of years and refusing to change, that is, the charm of Beijing. And the quiet and peaceful, and humane life in the courtyard of Beijing is unforgettable, and it is difficult for people who have not personally experienced it to taste this nostalgic mood.
Old Beijing has such a sentence, called "thick juice boiled fat intestines, a sound of fried liver incense", which is said to be the same characteristic of Beijing to eat - fried liver.
Fried liver is a specialty snack in Beijing, but its history is not far away. The first shop in Beijing to deal in fried liver was called Huixianju. It's gone, but its name is definitely familiar in the piles of Beijingers.
Huixianju was opened in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, and some people say that Huixianju is called Huixianju because he met immortals. This legend is widely spread in the streets and alleys of old Beijing, but it is only because of the business downturn and the marketing methods of the merchants.
Speaking of restaurants, there is a saying in old Beijing, "Restaurants are called people's clothes, all depend on the kitchen of the hall cabinet." In other words, the head of the church, the treasurer, and the chef are crucial to a restaurant. The head of the church manages the reception, the treasurer manages the operation, and the chef is responsible for the dishes, all of which are indispensable.
There was once an old man in the hall, as soon as he entered the house, the old man took the initiative to greet: "Hurry up and please, how many of you are there?" Just this Beijing dialect, let people hear that it is called a comfortable, and this sentence "How many of you?" "The old Beijingers have and are vividly reflected."
Old Beijingers pay attention to calling you, no matter how old you are, they all call each other, which seems so polite. One of the guests at the table finished eating and was ready to leave, and the old man went forward to clean up the table while instructing, because it was winter, and the old man said, "Are you finished eating?" You sit here for a while and sweat, it's cold outside, and it's hard to go back and drink the wind and get cold. ”
In my opinion, this is the real service. What should do this should not be company training, let the marketing and service personnel stereotypically memorize some polite words, and greet guests bluntly, but should be like this old man, put yourself in the shoes of guests, revealing a strong sense of humanity.
Let the customer feel comfortable, the customer will willingly help you publicize, establish a brand, more and more guests will come to visit, and the business will be better and better.
Speaking of the tea house in old Beijing, I have to mention Mr. Lao She's drama "Tea House". Mr. Zheng Rong, an old artist who played Chang Siye in the drama "Tea House", said that after completing the creation of "Tea House", Mr. Lao She came to the Beijing People's Art Theater with the script to read the script for the actors.
Although Mr. Lao She is a writer, he read the script with emotion and emotion, bringing the actors into the situation. When everyone heard that the script contained caged birds and insects playing chess, they were excited and thought it was fun.
But Mr. Lao She said to everyone very seriously: "Don't think that this thing is fun, this is all culture." ”
Drinking tea in the teahouses of old Beijing seems to be secondary, where there is an information and cultural exchange center, which can enhance feelings and gossip. If you don't say that old Beijing is full of "human touch".
Now when it comes to morning tea, everyone will think that it is the patent of the southerners. In fact, in the early years, Beijingers paid great attention to drinking morning tea. In the morning, after washing, you must drink tea first, some of them are bored at home with a pot of tea to taste slowly, and some are going to the tea house to drink tea with breakfast.
When it comes to the season of drinking tea, while Beijingers drink tea in different seasons, the summer weather is hot, and there are more tea drinkers. Since the weather is so hot, why drink hot tea to relieve the heat, isn't it more painful to drink cold cold drinks?
In fact, from the perspective of Chinese medicine, drinking hot tea can make the pores open to discharge the summer humidity, which is the real relief of the heat, and drinking cold drinks makes the pores shrink, and the summer humidity is held in the body, which feels cool at the time, but it will sit sick for a long time. This is the wisdom of china's ancestors, which is really admirable.
From the perspective of traditional culture, the Beijing tea house carries The Beijing culture, whether it is the Lao She Tea House, which is mainly tourism, or the tea house where Beijingers love to go, the cross-talk garden and the book review yard. Culture depends on people to inherit, the architecture of old Beijing inherits the flesh and bones of this city, and the culture of old Beijing and the authentic old Beijingers are the spirit of this city.
Cultural inheritance is a timeless topic that continues to appear along with the development of culture, and today, standing at the height of the development of the times and the progress of social civilization, the most important thing is to let culture be effectively inherited.
(1) The inheritance of traditional culture must first do a good job in guiding advanced values, and must take the civilization progress of society as the purpose
There is no doubt that whether it is conducive to the improvement of the progress of social civilization is the key to measuring the effectiveness of traditional cultural inheritance.
Speaking of the inheritance of old Beijing culture, from Mr. Lao She's famous drama "Tea House", we can see the model of the old Beijing Tea House, and today's Qianmen "Lao She Tea House" also allows us to see the situation of the big tea house inheriting the past and opening up.
This is the real cultural inheritance, reflecting the consciousness of culture, adhering to the self-awakening, self-reflection and self-creation of culture, which is not only self-aware of the original culture, but also forms a consensus on cultural values.
(2) To achieve innovative cultural inheritance is to inherit culture for the purpose of civilization progress
Inheritance is the foundation of innovation, and innovation is the purpose of inheritance. In terms of cultural inheritance, it is necessary to inherit the tradition and transcend the tradition, explore the reality and face the future.
The old Beijing Tea House integrates tea drinking, diet, social interaction and entertainment, so it is not only larger than other types of tea houses, but also has a long-term impact. This is the reason why the "Lao She Tea House" is welcomed by all walks of life today.
Here, tea is only a medium, the meaning of tea people is not tea, and the social function of tea exceeds its material function itself.
In my opinion, in the practice of inheriting traditional culture, it cannot be passed on for the sake of inheritance, and the inheritance of traditional culture is not simply copying the original appearance of some history and culture, let alone mechanically copying and imitating.
(3) Advanced cultural values, innovative consciousness and the needs of current cultural development are integrated into the inheritance of traditional culture
Why do old Beijingers always like old Beijing? In fact, it is because there is the wisdom of the ancients there.
For example, the Forbidden City, after hundreds of years of natural disasters such as torrential rains and earthquakes, has also been renovated, but it is undeniable that it is stronger than some modern buildings.
Here is just one point, the Forbidden City was built in the fourth year of Ming Yongle, completed in the eighteenth year of Yongle, and it took fourteen years before and after, but the design of the Forbidden City took ten years and the construction took only four years.
From now on, perhaps it is precisely because of the meticulous wisdom of the ancients that there will not be a road in the Forbidden City that has been planed and filled in, so many systems in the Forbidden City are still operating normally.
Therefore, in the process of cultural inheritance, we should strive to find the point of convergence between the values of traditional culture and the contemporary real social values, so as to make more colorful value exploration and meaning interpretation of traditional culture, and bring more opportunities and greater space to the inheritance of traditional culture.
To summarize:
Opening the book, it is as if you are in a quiet hutong, in the dappled time, the crisp and sweet Beijing rhyme is in your ears, which brings in the changes in Beijing over thousands of years. Looking at the streets and alleys of Beijing, ancient temples and gardens, the touch of the eyes is still faint.
Through this article, from the original taste of the courtyard, fried fragrant liver, and large tea house, the picture of old Beijing is recorded. This is the passage of time, but also the retention of memory, but also an indelible feeling.
I am @ Kaoba sister Hongying, a happy lifelong learner, with a doctoral daughter in the family, moving forward together!