Looking through historical photo albums, Gao Gang, a northwestern Hanzi with glasses and some acne marks on his face, is easily recognizable; but the written historical materials and folk rumors of Gao Gang and the "Gao Rao Incident" are always covered with a fog that is difficult to see.
Since then, Gaogang, a name that has shone and been silent for a long time in Contemporary Chinese history, has once again attracted people's attention, and in some documentaries and film and television works, Gaogang has begun to appear as a positive image.
Gaogang originated in the northwest and was one of the leaders of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Bian revolutionary base area, and his political and military abilities were fully displayed in the northwest; after sitting in the northeast, Gaogang was called the "King of the Northeast" and made great contributions to the construction and development of the northeast and the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
But in north China, Gaogang, who entered Beijing, came to the center of Chinese politics, where he once had power for a while, and then quickly fell to the bottom.
In desperation, he chose to give himself the end of defeat in the way of self-destruction, and personally painted his life with tragic colors, all of which are closely related to Gao Gang's own personality.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > northwest</h1>
Gao Gang's family was poor since childhood, and his mother died early, but Jackie Chan's father will still send him to the academy to study, hoping that his son will have a career in the future.
Gao Gang and the "king of chuang" Li Zicheng are fellow townspeople, grew up listening to his stories, playing with their partners in the same village to learn Li Zicheng to fight, learning to learn, Gao Gang also has a "breaking king" like a tough guy style.
In school, Gao Gang read many progressive publications, came into contact with many progressive ideas, participated in and launched some progressive movements, and when his father learned of it, he painfully told his son that this was a matter of losing his head, Gao Gang returned to his father, and the poor people had to turn over, so they should not be afraid of losing their heads.
Gao Gang joined the Communist Party of China at the age of 21, carried out revolutionary activities in his hometown and Xi'an, mobilized the masses to participate in the revolution, and the enemy repeatedly offered him a heavy reward for his head.
With a strong personality, he was not afraid, but he also witnessed the poverty and bullying of his father and fellow countrymen, and he became more and more courageous. During this period, Gaogang's political work was well done.
When he was the political commissar of the provisional command, the "Y" sentiment in the ranks was dispersed, the enthusiasm of the troops was high, and the victories were more numerous; because of his cheerful and bold character, the peasants were not only willing to be friends with him, but also enthusiastically joined the army, and the army expanded to more than 700 people.
After the restoration of the 26th Army and the establishment of the 42nd Division, Gao Gang served as the political commissar, and Liu Zhidan, Gao Gang, and others established the Northwest Revolutionary Military Committee of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, with Gao Gang as the vice chairman.
They led the Red 26th Army to struggle and struggle under difficult circumstances, opening up the revolutionary base areas in Shaanxi-Gansu-Bian, and thus forming the revolutionary base areas in the northwest.
After the three armies met, Gao Gang served as the director of the political department of the 15th Army, and in the Battle of Laoshan, he went into battle shirtless, taking the lead in leading officers and men to rush into the enemy position and defeat the enemy.
Later, Gao Gang was wronged for "purging" and was sent to inner Mongolia to work with 13 people, and at one time he was so emotionally negative that he wanted to become a monk and was also very indulgent in his life.
After learning of the sacrifice of his comrade-in-arms Liu Zhidan, Gao Gang woke up, made some achievements in Inner Mongolia with his own talents, and was promoted several times after returning to Yan'an, serving as the secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Party Committee and becoming the supreme leader of the party in the Border Region.
In Yan'an, Gao Gang played an important leading role in the "large-scale production movement" and the "rectification movement". Can fight wars, can engage in political construction, can organize production, can carry out economic work... Less than forty years old, Gao Gang has become an all-round talent and is deeply trusted by the top leaders of the Party Central Committee.
At a young age, Gao Gang developed a flamboyant personality, and the benefits of such a character were of course obvious, and they were of great help to his revolutionary work in the northwest.
In particular, in mobilizing the masses and doing mass work, the common people are willing to come to Gao Gang when they have something to do, and they do not call him secretary, they all affectionately call him "Lao Gao", and some people call him "Gao Mazi", and he also runs to people's homes to understand problems while chatting.
But in the details, especially when his life is in trouble, such a personality will make him extremely depressed, the restraint on himself will disappear, and he will be punished for the style of men and women in his early years.
Although the cliff pulled out a career, but the rapid ascension also made the adversity that could have tempered people's will, did not cultivate a cautious and mature mentality for Gao Gang, and laid the foundation for the subsequent tragedy.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > northeast</h1>
In 1945, after Lin Shuai entered the northeast, Gao Gang also applied to go, at that time the northeast was seriously plagued by bandits, the people had been under Japanese colonial rule for a long time, many people did not know that they were Chinese, could not speak Chinese, but the Japanese also left a solid foundation for industrial development in the northeast, the northeast developed well, and the victory of the revolution was not far away.
Gao Gang met the female student Li Liqun in Yan'an, and at first sight it was Gao Gang who came to give them a lesson, and Gao Gang did not have to prepare materials, he could talk endlessly for an hour, and he was very capable.
Although Li Liqun did not have much feeling for Gao Gang, she still obeyed the organization's arrangement to marry Gao Gang, and gao Gang was also good to her after marriage.
Five years after marriage, Gao Gang first went to the northeast to work, and after the liberation of Harbin, Li Liqun also took their three children into the northeast to reunite with Gao Gang.
When Li Liqun and the child arrived in the icy northeast, it was already dark, the family had an empty house, and gao gang was not seen, she and the child were a little disappointed in their hearts, and later learned that Gao Gang had gone to suppress the bandits, and could only come back the next day.
Under the leadership of Gao Gang, a large number of bandits were suppressed within two months, so they began to engage in economic and political construction, and the results were also remarkable, not only the fertile black soil was planted with grain, but also provided a strong logistical support for the Liaoshen Campaign.
There was also a wave of enlistment among the masses; he was also considerate of the soldiers who were born and died together, and other armies came to the northeast to support, and Gao Gang would personally transport cotton clothes and supplies to the front.
After the liaoshen campaign, Lin Shuai left the northeast to participate in the Pingjin Campaign, and Gao Gang became the commander and political commissar of the Northeast Military Region, the secretary of the Northeast Bureau, and later the chairman of the Northeast People's Government.
The party, government, and army in the northeast are all in the hands of Gaogang. At this stage, Gaogang mainly developed the economy and carried out political construction in the northeast, especially the restoration of industry, which was the focus of his work.
During Gao Gang's tenure, grain production in agriculture increased significantly, and the total industrial output value exceeded the target; later, the "three antis" were carried out in the northeast, and the bad atmosphere in the political environment in the northeast was corrected in a timely manner.
After the founding of New China, the situation in northeast China was very good, industrial agriculture developed rapidly, and cadres and the masses were full of passion and vitality, but the situation on the neighboring Korean Peninsula was tense.
In order to defend the homeland and defend the country and to prevent the northeast from threats and destruction, which has just achieved good results, Mr. Peng led the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to resist the United States and aid Korea, and Gao Gang served as the general logistics of the volunteer army.
During this period, Gao Gang not only had to organize the northeast to provide food and materials to the front line, but also mobilized the people to join the army, support the front, donate money, resettle the displaced people and orphans in the DPRK, and inform Beijing... In this way, when Mr. Peng accepted the medal, he said, "The first should be given to Gao Mazi."
Gao Gang's work in the northeast has made great achievements, and both military and civilian political parties have accumulated extremely high prestige, and their official positions have become larger and larger, and at the age of 44, he became the vice chairman of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China.
When the alarm bells of the northwest rang, Gao Gang turned a deaf ear, and when he arrived in the northeast, he relaxed his vigilance even more, and these achievements and prestige became a hotbed for the growth and expansion of the bad problems caused by his personality, and the desire for power grew and grew, and the restraint on his own style of life became looser and looser.
Gao Gang entered Beijing in October 1952 with such a mentality and attitude, and at this time in Gao Gang's mind, which autumn wind was blowing? It was clear that it was a warm spring breeze, and he had not yet realized that the four seasons would not be reversed, and this coolness was giving him a final warning.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > enter Beijing</h1>
After Gao Gang was transferred to the Central Committee, he was appointed chairman of the Planning Committee of the Central People's Government, which was the most powerful of the five regional responsible persons transferred to the Central Committee at that time, and was called "five horses entering Beijing, one horse taking the lead."
Unexpectedly, less than a year after the spring breeze triumphed, the "Gao Rao Incident" occurred, gao gang's personality made many enemies for him, the city government was not deep and eager to participate in political struggles, and the desire for power was too great.
Completely unaware of the complexity of the political struggle, he plunged headlong into it, and because his style of life has always been problematic, under the catalyst of the desire for power, the politics he saw in his eyes became a struggle for power, rather than seeking rights and interests for the people, thus violating party discipline.
In 1953, after Gao Gang was repeatedly criticized by the central government, he tried to end his life with the guard's pistol, and the bullet flew, but he survived.
Gao Gang's personality is like this, it is difficult to extricate himself when he encounters difficulties, once he can still indulge in sound, and now sitting at home, he feels more and more pain and begins to go to extremes.
After this incident, the Central Committee disciplined him, he wrote a "My Reflection" and handed it in, but he never got an echo; the radio was broadcasting, he listened carefully every day, did not hear his own name, nor did he hear the names of his comrades-in-arms and colleagues who worked in the northwest and northeast, he felt that he was tired of them...
Political frustration, cowardice in the face of life's difficulties in personality, guilt for relatives and comrades-in-arms, multiple emotions are complex and intertwined, when the autumn wind rises again, the four seasons of Gaogang are still misplaced, and he feels the cold wind in advance.
On August 16, 1954, his wife Li Liqun repeatedly discovered that her husband had some special behavior, sensed that something would happen, and followed him closely.
But Li Liqun was pregnant with Liujia at this time, it was really sleepy, in the early morning of the 17th, the husband and wife talked a few words, Li Liqun slept over, and Gao Gang swallowed the pills accumulated over the past few months. In the morning, the daughter went to wake up her father, and Gao Gang had no reaction.
Gao Gang and Li Liqun talked that night, and he said that he had done a lot of things that were beneficial to the revolution, and he had also done some things that were sorry for the party and the people and sorry for his family, and now that things involved too many people, he was really sorry for them, so he had to go.
Gao Gang has always been a man of great affection and righteousness, if not, he would not risk his life to participate in the revolution, would not have risen again when he was frustrated by thinking of his comrades who sacrificed, would not have suppressed bandits in the ice and snow, and comforted soldiers, but if he was too serious about love and righteousness, he would have become narrow and cowardly, and Gao Gang had walked into this desperate situation.
Gao Gang's merits and demerits have become history, and there are still different evaluations and judgments along with the development of historical research, but Gao Gang's early life has become a thing of the past, which is really inseparable from his personality.
Li Zicheng was driven out of the capital for 42 days after entering Beijing because of excessive indulgence, and Gao Gang, who grew up listening to this story, never heard the alarm bell that rang all the way.
Text/Shi HaiGuanfu