What kind of person is Li Xiong, the Emperor of the Chenghan Dynasty, how does history evaluate Li Xiong?

Li Xiong (274-334), zi Zhongjun, third son of Li Te, mother of Luoshi, was the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, reigning from 306 to 334. When Li Te raised an army in Sichuan, he was given the title of former general. In 303, Li Te was killed on the battlefield, and Li Liu, the king of Qin Wen, collected the remnants of the defeated generals and took over his troops, claiming to be a great general, a governor of Dadu, and a pastor of Yizhou. Li Xiong led his troops to defeat Jin Jianping Taishou Sun Fu, and won a complete victory, and the momentum was revived. After Li Liu's death, he handed over military power to his nephew Li Xiong. Li Xiong called himself the Governor of Dadu, the Great General, and the Pastor of Yizhou. Soon, Chengdu was conquered. In 304, he was called the King of Chengdu, Jianyuan Jianxing, in 306 he was called emperor, the national name was "Dacheng", and he changed his name to Yuan Yanping.

In 314, Yang Hu in Hanzhong and Zhang Xian in Liang Prefecture also defected to Li Xiong, and the territory of the State of Cheng reached its maximum. In 334, Li Xiong died of sores on the top of his head at the age of 61, with the title of Emperor Wu and the temple number of Emperor Taizong, and was buried in The Tomb of Andu.

How history evaluates Li Xiong

Overall

Li Xiong has a generous temperament, and is very prestigious in the province of criminal law and discipline. After surrendering to Li Xiong, Kui Wen and Kui Wen betrayed and personally injured Li Xiong's mother, and when they surrendered, Li Xiong forgave their sins, treated them generously and accepted them. As a result, the hearts of the various ethnic groups in Yixia were stable and threatened the West. At that time, there was great turmoil in the sea, and the Shu land was safe and sound, so the people who were attached were one after another. Li Xiong then set up a school, set up a historian, and in his free time after listening to the government and handling affairs, he could not release the scrolls. The tax is that an adult man pays three grains of grain every year, and the adult woman is halved, and each household adjusts only a few inches of silk, and the number of silk wool is two. There are few official affairs and labor is not common, the people are rich and solid, the door is not closed, and there is no robbery and theft.

However, Li Xiong's intention was to attract people from afar, and the state was not used enough, so the generals often offered gold and silver treasures, and many people got official positions because of this. Yang, the chancellor, said, "Your Majesty, as the monarch of the world, should recruit talents from all over the world, so how can he use his official position to buy money?" Li Xiongwan apologized to him. Later, Li Xiong once pushed the Zhongshu Ling because he was drunk, and beat the Taiguan Ling with a staff, and Yang Baojin said: "The Son of Heaven is dignified and solemn, and the princes are also dignified and prestigious, and there are those who are drunk as the Son of Heaven!" Li Xiong quit drinking. When Li Xiong was fine, he went out to relax, and Yang Bao galloped past Li Xiong from behind with a spear in his hand. Li Xiong asked him strangely, and replied: "Such a heavy responsibility of ruling the world is like a subject riding an inferior horse and holding a spear, too anxious to be afraid of hurting himself, too careless to worry about losing him, so the horse runs up but does not control it." Li Xiong woke up and returned immediately. Li Xiong ruled the country without prestige, officials did not have the rank of Feng Lu, there was no difference in ranking, and the clothes of gentlemen and villains were the same; There is no unified command when marching, there is no parted team when fighting, there is no humility to each other when winning, no mutual rescue is rescued when defeated, and attacking city fortresses often takes captivity as the first. This is where he made a mistake.

Evaluation of the past

Fang Xuanling et al. "Book of Jin" :(1) "Zhongjuntian is quite heroic, see Qiwei, destroying the front, cloning hegemony." Follow Xuande Qianji, hide the homeland of Ziyang, thin endowment and sui vulgarity, covenant law and yue Xinbang, intended to be in Qilun, Shisun Quan yaye. Ruofu Lizi was a concubine, went to Zhe Tongxun, succeeded to the body chengji, and formerly xiu Mao fan. And the distant map of the xiong dark country, the small section of the puppet, the great unification to Yuzi. To strengthen the army yu Yin. The remains are inexhaustible, and the search for the quarrel is deep; The star age is not weekly, and the nest is over. Although the clouds are heavenly, they are also conspiratorial. ”; (2) "For Li Xiong, the thieves on each side are not inferior to sun hao." ”

Zhang DaLing's "Jin Wu Hu Finger Palm": "Fu Te and Xiong are not royal talents, take advantage of the opportunity, rely on the dangers of heaven, and it is difficult to live forever, do not know what to do, but dare to follow the sound of the well frog, the courage of the mantis arm, in order to resist China also." ”