The original | this article is Chu Yanfeng
Confident and open, tolerant and generous, the Tang Dynasty was a masculine and proud dynasty in china's history.
The civilization of the Sheng Tang Dynasty was rarely matched in the world at that time, no one could look back, the capital chang'an was the world's first largest city with a population of more than one million, and it was also the world's cultural exchange center, and emissaries from all over the world continued to flock here, they all wanted to feel the charm of this eastern power, Korea and Japan sent students to Chang'an to study, until today, the culture of these two countries and the shadow of Chinese culture. Since the Tang Dynasty, foreigners have called Chinese "Tang people", and now, many countries in the world are still accustomed to calling the places where Chinese live in "Chinatown", which shows the far-reaching influence of the Tang Dynasty in the world.
The person who created the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty was no one else, it was the Tang Ming Emperor described in the great poet Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song", of course, the Tang Ming Emperor at that time was not what he looked like in the poem, but full of positive and enterprising spirit.
During the Kaiyuan period, Tang Xuanzong made great efforts to govern, knew people well, a large number of talented people were reused, through the implementation of a series of measures and the efforts of the upper and lower levels, the economy was unprecedentedly prosperous, the culture was highly developed, and the Tang Dynasty ushered in the Kaiyuan prosperous era of siyi binfu and wanbang dynasty.
It is often said that Rome was not built in a day. Similarly, the Kaiyuan prosperity was not created overnight, but it was the result of Tang Xuanzong's appointment of virtuous people, humble and advice, continuous development of agricultural production, promotion of military reform, vigorous rectification of officials, emphasis on culture and education, and decades of diligent efforts to seek governance. During this period, many prime ministers who assisted Tang Xuanzong undoubtedly played an important role, and one person cannot fail to mention that he was the famous poet Zhang Jiuling, known as the "first person in Lingnan".
Zhang Jiuling (張九灵), courtesy name Zishou , a native of Qujiang , Shaozhou ( present-day Shaoguan , Guangdong ) , was a scholar in the early years of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang , and went through the four dynasties of Emperor Zhongzong , Wu Zhou , Ruizong , and Xuanzong , and was the prime minister of Tang Xuanzong. At that time, Guangdong was called Lingnan, not as developed as it is now, it was a desolate and difficult place, and those who committed crimes were often exiled there as punishment. Zhang Jiuling was able to come out of such a backward place to pass the examination for the jinshi, and was finally appointed by Tang Xuanzong as the prime minister, which shows that on the one hand, he has outstanding talent, on the other hand, it also shows that Tang Xuanzong is wise and discerning.
Zhang Jiuling did not live up to Tang Xuanzong's respect and trust, and during his tenure as chancellor, he spoke out and dared to advise, selected the wise and capable, did not bend the law for personal gain, did not tend to inflame the situation, put forward a series of reform measures, promoted agricultural production, straightened out the rule of officials, the imperial court took on a new look, and the Tang Dynasty continued to maintain a strong and prosperous state.
However, the surface of the song and dance is actually full of dangers, and the calm water is surging under the water.
Inside the imperial court, Li Linfu was jealous of his ability, sinister and cunning, this person had some skills, but his character was really not bad, and all those who were stronger than him, whose prestige was higher than his, and whose position of power was similar to his, he did not hesitate to reject the attack, but when interacting with people, this person always liked to say something that others were willing to listen to, and his face looked amiable, and he often had a harmful heart.
The Tang Empire was a country with a very large land area, in order to strengthen the central government's control over the frontier, consolidate border defense, and manage foreign nationalities, Tang Xuanzong set up ten border towns in the first decade of the new century, managed by nine knots and one economic envoy. After Zhang Jiuling was deposed, Li Linfu ascended to the throne and held the imperial government for nineteen years, during which An Lushan, in order to save his life and promote his official position, recognized Yang Guifei as a dry mother, and became the emissary who commanded Fan Yang and other three towns.
For the rebellion of An Lushan, Zhang Jiuling also foresaw, after a failed war between An Lushan and the Turks and Khitans, Zhang Jiuling saw him, with his golden eyes and amazing insight that he had cultivated for many years, Zhang Jiuling saw An Lushan's wolf ambitions, asserted that this person would rebel, and suggested that Tang Xuanzong kill him. Unfortunately, Tang Xuanzong did not adopt Zhang Jiuling's suggestion, let the tiger return to the mountain, Li Linfu became the prime minister, Zhang Jiuling was deposed and demoted, and finally fell ill and died, Tang Xuanzong was full of pride, drunk and gentle in the township, there was no upright and slanderous person around him, all of them were flattering and flattering, and finally caused a catastrophe.
Zhang Jiuling was not only talented but also far-sighted, he was a true politician, and during his several years as chancellor, It was precisely because Tang Xuanzong adopted his advice that the Tang Dynasty continued to maintain a politically clear and prosperous situation. At the same time, those who have done so in the history of the capital are selected to enter Beijing as officials, so that internal and external intercommunication enhances the communication, understanding, and trust between the central and local governments. The system of transferring officials proposed by Zhang Jiuling has been used for reference by future generations and is still used today.
Although Zhang Jiuling was framed by Li Linfu and others to depose and degrade the official, Tang Xuanzong did not completely forget him from his heart, and Zhang Jiuling's style was deeply imprinted in his mind, so that whenever someone recommended talents to him, he always had to ask, "Is his demeanor as good as Jiuling?" During the Anshi Rebellion, Tang Xuanzong was forced to flee to Shudi, and on the way, he remembered the bitter words of the former prime minister Zhang Jiuling, felt sad, and after crying bitterly, sent people to Zhang Jiuling's hometown to pay tribute and comfort his family.
Zhang Jiuling's political exploits remain in history textbooks, but his poems are forever circulated and recited by people in the world and future generations. The song "Looking at the Moon and Cherishing the Distance" is always remembered at some point, "The sea is born of the bright moon, and the end of the world is at this time." Lovers complain about the night, and they even think of each other at night. Extinguish the candle and fill the light, and feel the dew in the cloak. Can't afford to give away, but also sleep in the dream of a good period. This poem was written after Zhang Jiuling was deposed and degraded as the governor of Jingzhou, although the career was bumpy and frustrated, the whole poem did not see decadence, but conveyed to people a fresh and elegant, quiet and lingering emotion, which not only made people feel open-minded, but also had a deep charm.
In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the "Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty" selected by the retired soldiers of Tang Tang, most of the selected poems are recognized as good poems by successive dynasties, and the opening chapter is Zhang Jiuling's two five-word ancient poems, of which "Feelings. The first of his twelve poems of encounters, "Orchid Leaf Spring Leaf, Guihua Autumn Jiaojie." I am glad that this business is a festival. Who knows the forest perch, smell the wind and sit and enjoy each other. Grass and trees have their own hearts, why ask for beauty to fold. This poem compares lan gui, expresses the author's feelings of self-appreciation, integrity, and non-seeking, and expresses the calm, open-minded, and proud mind, which has always been praised by people.
In his later years, zhang Jiuling was attacked by Li Linfu's rumors, and The Tang Ming Emperor fainted and had no way out, and he was deposed and degraded, and he had no reason to serve the country, which was a lifelong regret for the individual and an irreparable trauma for the country. The Anshi Rebellion that broke out after his death was an unprecedented disaster in China's history, and became a turning point in the Tang Dynasty's transition from prosperity to decline, and later people always sighed whenever they mentioned that period of history. Zhang Jiuling, as the last famous minister of the Tang Empire's Kaiyuan Dynasty, is always associated with this history.
(The picture used in the article comes from the Internet, thanks.) ）
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