Dazhong Newspaper Peninsula reporter Zhang Wenyan
Villa No. 2 Pingyuan Road, which still exists today, was once named "Hansongtang", which may be related to the pine trees in the yard. At the intersection of the crowded hospital, it stared silently, and there was a sense of loneliness. In the 1930s, there were 10,000 volumes of books here. Rare books of ancient books, famous calligraphy and paintings, and golden stone extensions are gathered here. We restore such a scene through a set of ancient books stored in the Qingdao Municipal Museum, "Six Books of Zhengyi (譌)" (Ming Chongzhen Hu Zhengyan Ten Bamboo Zhai Carved Overprint), "Six Books of Zhengyi" passed to Zheng Yeju and found a home at No. 2 Pingyuan Road. It is the original author and Yuan Dynasty calligrapher Zhou Boqi who copied it, the philologist Wang Jun who proofread it, and the owner of the villa, Zheng Yeju, who preserved it...
In winter, the night is cold, take off the purple grandchildren's clothes and change into narrow-sleeved cotton robes. Sitting on the upper seat, Zhou Boqi looked at the moon outside the window and sighed infinitely. Then he picked up the gourd on the table and drank the good wine inside. On the table, there was his "Six Books of Zhengyi", turning the pages of painstaking efforts, he said eloquently: "The six books, the book of words, do not reach their original and can be used by them, no... The six meanings of the book are roughly like this, encompassing things, having or leaving behind, refining things with them, clarifying them with their poor reasoning, and achieving them by engaging in politics. The learning of the ancients, in order, did not have the involuntary also. The Six Books, the Traces, and the Metaphysical Ones. To read the books of the sages, to enter the Tao from art, is to be in the hands of others. ”
Zhou Boqi (1298–1369), courtesy name Bowen, was a native of Poyang, Raozhou (present-day Poyang County, Jiangxi). Yuan Dynasty calligrapher and writer. Zhou Boqi was born in a family of poetry books, and his grandfather Zhou Gao was the first jinshi of the Zhou family in Poyang, but in the second year after the Zhongjinshi, he was pushed into the torrent of the anti-Yuan Wei family, and the Southern Song Dynasty was exhausted, so the family moved to Duchang and lived in seclusion. Zhou Gao was known as Mr. Meishan, and was later given the title of Marquis of Poyang Commandery (鄱阳郡侯) because of his grandson Zhou Boqi. In addition to being praised for his loyalty and articles, Zhou Gao also had his filial piety, and he once "lived in seclusion under the tomb of his mother and Dumen".
This filial piety is passed on to children and grandchildren. Zhou Gao had four sons, and Zhou Ying was extremely young. Zhou Yingji, known as Mr. Lan Wu, was a knowledgeable man who had served as the crown prince Shuo de Ba La in the first year of the Great Era (1308), and was later appointed as a training doctor, and was once a scholar of the Jixian Dynasty (正五品), who had been enshrined in the Shandong Confucius Temple and the Temple of Heaven Jiyuan, and later became the Tongzhi of Chizhou Road (present-day Guichi, Anhui), and had considerable political achievements, and died in office in the second year of the reign (1322). Zhou Yingji's loyalty and filial piety are even more praised, he welcomed his elderly mother Yu Jingshi, and built a church to serve his mother, Shi Jixian University scholar Guo Guanmei his name is "Zhile", and there are Zhang Yanghao, Zhao Mengfu, Yuan Jue and other twelve people who have written poems for "ZhileTang", which shows that the Zhou family has done a good job of elegance and elegance.
Zhou Boqi was born in such a family and was the eldest son of Zhou Yingji. "The Zhou clan of Poyang is a eunuch family, and in the Yuan Youduo Xianshi" (Ni Tao's "One of the Six Arts"), the three generations of grandchildren are all Hanlin, which is a good story of the Zhou family, and Zhou Boqi often uses "three Hanlin" to show the prominence of the family.
In his career, Zhou Boqi served as an editor of Hanlin, a doctor of calligraphy and painting in Xuanwen Pavilion and a feast official, a hanlin editor and a revision officer of the National History Academy, a soldier's attendant, a Chongwen supervisor of the feast, and a zuo cheng in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
The focus of our attention is On Zhou Boqi's "Erudite Articles", who was particularly proficient in calligraphy, and was famous for his seals, affiliations, truths, and grasses at that time. He wrote many works in his lifetime, including five volumes of the Six Books of Zhengyi, one volume of The Origin of Speaking Characters, three volumes of the Collection of Near Light, and one volume of the Collection of Hu Cong.
Placed in the Qingdao Municipal Museum is Zhou Boqi's "Six Books of Zhengyi" (Ming Chongzhen's Seventh Year Hu Zhengyan Ten Bamboo Zhai Carved Edition). Zhou Boqi, as a calligrapher with profound literary skills, is also a scholar of science, "Ya" is an important criterion for his calligraphy aesthetics, whether it is "etymology" or "zhengyi", he is seeking the original Qingyuan quaintness, and he also pays attention to epigraphy, especially the "Stone Drum Text" (Qin carved stone script) quite research.
The Six Books of Zhengyi is a book of characters that expounds the Shuowen and dialectic characters. The corrective study of more than 2,000 commonly used words in Xu Shu put forward different insights in the analysis of the morphology of many words, many of which were insightful. Although this book is also quite controversial, Zhou Boqi tried to explore the original meaning of the text, dared to raise doubts about the old theory, corrected the misinterpretation of the "Shuowen", expounded the trajectory of the evolution of the meaning of the characters, and made many achievements in standardizing the shape of the characters.
Zhou Boqi's fame and his writings attracted the attention of another scholar, who was Wang Jun.