Old Zhoushan Road Ancient
Issue 82
Zhoushan Radio and Television WeChat "Old Zhoushan Daogu" column
(Formerly "Professor Wang's Class" column)
Tell you about it
The culture, memories and stories of Zhoushan...
This issue of "Lao Zhoushan Daogu"
Teacher Zhuang Hegang told you about it
The history of Putuo mountain Buddha tea...
"There are many monks in the famous mountains in the world, and the famous mountains in the famous temples produce good tea." The snow buds of Mount Emei, the Mao Peak of Huangshan Mountain, the silver needle of Junshan Mountain of Dongting Lake, the dahongpao of Wuyi Mountain, the cloud mist tea of Lushan Mountain, the white silver needle of Taimu Mountain, the white white tea of Fuding... All are listed as the top tea. "Haitian Buddha Country" Putuo Mountain's highest peak Buddha Peak peak humidity and low temperature, the abundant tea grows in the sea of clouds all year round, has the reputation of "Buddha's top cloud".
When did the artificial cultivation of Putuo mountain tea trees begin?
Regarding this issue, the "Mountain Chronicles" and historical books of the past do not record, some people speculate that Buddhism began to flourish in China during the Tang Dynasty, and monasteries advocated monks to grow tea, make tea, and offer tea to the Buddha. After Zen Buddhism flourished, the monks who abstained from meat and alcohol chanted sutras, chanted Buddhas, meditated and meditated in the morning bell of the twilight drum, and only allowed to drink tea to clear their minds and wake up. In the south, there is even a custom of planting tea in temples and temples, and no monks and no tea. Naturally, the earliest tea in China was a medicine, a medicinal one.
According to the "Chronicle of Dinghai County", "The tea of Dinghai, the wild products of many valleys... Putuo Mountain, can cure the pulmonary carbuncle blood diarrhea, but there are not many. Since Lu Yu's mentor and friend, the poet monk Jiaoran," a poem "Tea Drinking Song and Saying Cui Shi Jun", has opened the title page of Chinese tea Zen culture. Zhao Zhou monk a "drink tea to go" proverb, tea tasting Zen, Zen meaning is far-reaching. The Song Dynasty monk Yuan Wu Keqin tasted the infinite mysteries of tea with Zen concepts and speculations, and wrote down "Tea Zen One Taste" to warn the great Zen master of wisdom.
When was the first tea grown in Putuo Mountain?
Before the Tang Dynasty, there was no temple in Putuo Mountain, and since the monk Tang Huiyi invited Guanyin from Mount Wutai to Japan, he was in distress through lotus ocean, so he enshrined "Refusing to Go to Guanyin" in the three huts of the Zhang clan in the zizhu forest. After the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1080), the envoy Wang Shunfeng sent an envoy to Goryeo to return, passing through the Lotus Ocean, "there are big turtles bearing boats, looking at the mountains as a ceremony, turtles without boats, returning to the dynasty, playing with their deeds, the imperial court gave Baotuo Guanyin Temple", and rebuilt "refusing to go to Guanyin Temple" as Baotuo Guanyin Temple.
If there are monks, it is possible to plant tea trees.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, the founder of The Putuoshan Zen Sect, Zhen Xie Zen Master, said in a public demonstration, "The whole earth is a hot iron pill, and the mouth is rotten, how can we avoid this?" ", showing the clouds: "Wanlu rests and shines at all times, and withdraws and forgets to return." A pot of spring color is warm outside, and the spirit seedling stone is on the Fang Fei." This is the earliest word about "tea" found in Putuo Mountain.
It can be seen that during the Southern Song Dynasty, tea trees were planted in Putuo Mountain.
Associating tea with Buddhism
When pushing the Southern Song Dynasty historian father and son
Shi Jia father and son
Shi Hao (1106.10-1194.4), literally Straight, was a true yin. A native of YinXian County, Mingzhou (present-day Ningbo, Zhejiang), he was a politician and lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. Shi Hao served in Zhoushan, and his whereabouts are recorded in several Putuoshan Chronicles.
Shan Zhi records: "Shaoxing Pengchen March Looking, Poyang Cheng Xiufu, Siming, from the Shen family gate rafting, encountered the wind to hang a seat, Russia is here." The next morning, Gong Yi ChaoYin Cave to pay homage to Guanyin Master, to the end of the silence, boiling incense to cook tea, but the bowl noodles are only floating flowers. Returning to the temple to eat food, and the elder Lan Gong thesis special selection of yuantong, the boy into the Fa realm. When feeding, then go to the bottom of the cave, prostrate the moss, gaze in the air, but the rocks are tired, eager to return, there are bhikkhus who point: there are sinuses at the top of the rock, you can go down. Climbing up, when looking at it, Rui Xiang suddenly appeared, golden shining, eyebrows clear, the two saw no different, but Hao saw that his teeth were as white as jade. So Xian Huai was happy and retreated as a courtesy. Even if he is still in charge of the boat and Yongdong, he is afraid that this word will not be transmitted, and he will use books on the wall, and those who come to see this will not be tired, and they will not be exhausted and will not be seen. ”
The mountain chronicle records that in the eighteenth year of the Southern Song Dynasty Gaozong Shaoxing (1148) March 15, Shi Hao and Poyang Cheng Xiufu traveled together in Putuo, they arrived at Chaoyin Cave in the morning, the cave was very deserted, there was nothing to see, Shi Hao then offered tea with incense, only to see the floating flowers. After the meal, the two men came to the cave gate again, prostrated themselves on the moss, stared at the empty space, saw the rocks and stones, and wanted to return after exhaustion, but a monk came and pointed out: There is an empty rock top, where can you see the wonders from below. Shi Hao climbed up the edge, and when he looked at it, he suddenly appeared in The Great Shi Rui Xiang, the golden light, the eyebrows were clear, the two saw at the same time, and Shi Hao also saw that the two teeth of the Great Master were as white as jade, and the mood was very happy, and he wrote an inscription on the wall.
Shi Miyuan (1164-1233) was Shi Hao's third son. Official to the left minister. The Mountain Chronicle records: "King Shi Wei, Mi Yuan, before traveling to Putuo, saw the master on the tea tree, showed a glance. Cover twenty years of prime minister's praise also. Shi Miyuan, like his father, was related to Guanyin, and when he tried to travel to Putuo, he personally saw Guanyin manifest on the tea tree, and showed it at a glance, which was "twenty years of zai zai ye". According to this legend, the place where Guanyin appeared is on the tea tree of Putuo Mountain, which confirms the connection between tea and Buddha, and opens the theory of Buddha tea in Putuo Mountain.
According to historical records, Shi Miyuan was in the Song Ningzong and Lizong dynasties for a total of 26 years, and he has always received credit, and he has been knighted. Although his political achievements were evaluated differently, he often donated money to Putuo Mountain to repair the temple corridors. For example, in the third year of Emperor Ningzong's reign (1210), when the Wind was strong in August, the Yuantong Hall was destroyed, and when the dynasty gave Qian Wanmiao to rebuild, Shi Miyuan donated funds for the solemn temple and the gallery, prepared incense lamps to provide, and Ningzong smelled it, and then gave the temple such as gold robes, silver bowls, agate beads, and pine deer brocade.
Shi Miyuan wrote a poem praising Guanyin for "Guanyin in the South China Sea, solemnly waving dust; flickering on the mysterious hue, saving suffering and crossing sentient beings". His greatest contribution to Putuo Mountain was to include Baotuo Temple in the "Five Mountains and Ten Brakes" of the Jiangnan Sect. During the first year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1195-1200), he asked Emperor Ningzong to include Zhaobaotuo Temple in one of the "Five Mountains and Ten Brakes" of the Jiangnan Church, and the "Five Mountains and Ten Brakes" during the Song Jiading Period was listed among them, and since then Putuo Mountain has been famous.
Tea nature Buddha heart, a leaf as it comes
Putuo Buddha tea produced in putuo mountain and surrounding islands of the Buddhist holy land "Haitian Buddha Kingdom", hand-fried, like beads, like eyebrows rather than eyebrows, tadpole-shaped. The soup is bright green, fragrant and mellow, the taste is timeless and refreshing, and drinking the country gives people a sense of ethereal immortality.
Entering the Ming Dynasty, Putuo mountain Buddha tea enjoyed a reputation for its unique flavor. In September of the twenty-fourth year of Ming Hongwu (1391), Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict to abolish tuan tea, change it to tribute leaf tea, and open the source of qing drinking through the ages. The Ming dynasty scholar and dramatist Tu Long compiled the "Chronicle of Supplementary Tuo Mountain" on Putuo Mountain, and named the tea reception room of the nunnery "Ashram Tea Smoke" and included it in one of the twelve scenic spots of Putuo Mountain. During the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, the "Cloud Mist Buddha Tea" of Putuo Mountain has been listed as a tribute, and the poem of the Putuo Mountain monk Shi Haide's "Tea Mountain" in the Qing Dynasty: "Eat tea before the rain, mountain monk Mo Manwa." Zhao Zhou is unobtainable, and hopes for the end of the water." Qing Wang Shi Shen's poem "Xiaobaihua Mountain Tea" praised Putuo Buddha tea: "A bowl full of light flowers has a different spring, and the tongue of Jinjin is cool and fragrant."
"Tea Zen one" and "tea Zen one", silence, clearness, tranquility, and solemnity, the Buddhist family's rules, tea drinking and reading are integrated with Buddhist philosophy and concept of life. Tea, grass on and wood, people in the middle. In the "gratitude, tolerance, sharing, and friendship" of Chinese Zen tea culture, tea drinkers are in the grass and trees, tasting the state of mind of the unity of heaven and earth, a cup of Buddha tea, penetrating the body and mind, participating in the "bitter" truth, a Buddha-nature Buddha,a kind of elegant way of health.
Intern Editor: HuyIng Zhang