Pinyin huà shān shēn
Source:Shaanxi Chinese Herbal Medicine
The source is the root of the solanaceous plant Huashan ginseng. Wheat is harvested and excavated.
It is a perennial herb in its original form, 20 to 60 cm tall. The roots are stout, fleshy, conical and cylindrical. The stems are erect, hairy, and constant stems are clustered. The leaves are alternate, ovate, broadly ovate or triangular, 3 to 7 cm long, wedge-shaped downwards at the base, sometimes nearly truncated or shallowly heart-shaped, fully margined or microwave-shaped; petioles are 5 to 6 cm long. The inflorescences are apical or axillary; the peduncle is 7 cm long, densely white hairy; the calyx is bell-shaped, lobed5, oblong or triangular, the edges and outer masks are white and hairy, and at the fruit stage they expand into spherical sacs: the corolla is yellow-green, or the edges are yellowish green, the edges are purple-brown, lobes are 5, broadly ovate to triangular, the corolla is hairy on the outside and edges; the stamens are 5, born under the corolla tube; the ovary is 2 ventricular, and the peduncle is filamentous. The capsule is cracked and encased in a cystic calyx. Seeds kidney-shaped. Flowering period is from March to May. The fruiting period is from May to June.
Habitat segments grow on hillsides, ravines or meadows. It is distributed in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and other places.
The dry roots are cylindrical, sometimes slightly curved, the root head is thick, tapering downwards, 13 to 30 cm long, 1 to 3.5 cm thick, the surface is tan, brownish red, and even brownish purple, and the lower part of the root is mostly accompanied by grayish yellow. The roots are usually attached to the rhizomes 1 to 10 cm long; the rhizome links are obvious. The surface of the root head is striated, and there are often 1 to several branches in the upper or middle part of the root. The skin holes are transverse and pale. The cork is easily peeled off. The section after breaking is flat and white-like, forming a layer of dark and pronounced ring color, the xylem is about 3/4 of the section, and the catheters are arranged radially. The smell is special, the taste is sweet and bitter, and it has a slightly numbing taste. The concocted Ginseng has a longitudinal stripe on the surface, which is golden yellow translucent, gray-brown or tan. It is preferable to have golden yellow and fine stripes, a sugary smell, sweet and slightly bitter taste.
The chemical composition contains asteroids such as atropine and scopolamine, with a content of 0.26%. It also contains amino acids, polysaccharides, reducing sugars, starches and sterols.
Pharmacological effect (1) Effect on the central nervous system
Rat oral decoction 2 g / kg, its defensive conditioned reflex latency prolonged; when intraperitoneal injection of 1 g / kg, in addition to this effect, most of the animals positive conditioned reflex destruction, and some animal differentiation inhibition lifted; intraperitoneal injection of 1 to 4 g / kg significantly reduced the free activity of large and small mice and rabbits, but did not reduce the passive activity of mice; dogs oral 2 ~ 5 g / kg, also has a significant sedative effect, but also responds to external stimuli such as sound, touch, etc. Intraperitoneal injection of 4 g/kg can cooperate with the hypnotic and anesthetic effects of thiopental sodium and chloral hydrate on mice, and resist the excitatory activities of amphetamine and caffeine on mice. However, even if the intraperitoneal injection of 10 g/kg can not resist the toxic effect of amphetamine on mice, nor can it fight against the convulsions caused by strychnine and pentaerythrezone on mice, and cannot fight against vomiting caused by dehydrated morphine on dogs. Subcutaneous injection of 20 to 70 mg/kg of water or alcohol extract also had a significant sedative effect on mice.
(2) Asthmatic effect
Decoction oral administration of 100 mg/kg has a pronounced anti-asthma effect (guinea pig histamine spray asthma method), the active ingredient of which seems to be alkaloids.
(3) Other functions
Water or ethanol extract can relieve the spasm of the rabbit intestine caused by pilocarpine, and also has the effect of fighting the salivation caused by the rabbit, and can enlarge the pupil of the rabbit when the eye drops.
Wash the roots, remove the coarse skin, cook with an appropriate amount of licorice, wheat winter, gardenia, rock sugar, and dry in the sun.
The sexual taste is slightly bitter, hot and toxic.
Functional indications for deficiency, warm, calm, calming. Treat weak body, cold diarrhea, insomnia, palpitations, cough, phlegm, night sweats and sweats.
Dosage for internal use: decoction, 1 to 3 minutes.
Pay attention to avoid ironware, five spirit fats, soap pods, black beans, brine, quinoa and so on.
Compound (1) to cure cold diarrhea, insomnia: Three points of Huashan ginseng, five dollars of cinnamon meat, and an appropriate amount of rock sugar. Serve fried in water.
(2) Cure body weakness, cold cough, phlegm and asthma: three points of Huashan ginseng, three dollars of Wheat Dong, one dollar of licorice, one dollar of rock sugar. Serve fried in water. (Sexual taste below out of "Shaanxi Chinese Herbal Medicine")
Excerpt from the Dictionary of Chinese Medicine