In May 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during his inspection in Jiangxi:
It is necessary to accelerate the construction of an ecological civilization system, do a good job in managing mountains and rivers, and showing mountains and dew, and create a "Jiangxi model" for beautiful China.
Jiangxi Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve is located in the middle and upper reaches of the Ganjiang River, with a large rain collection area, which plays an important role in conserving water sources, preventing soil erosion, and maintaining natural ecological balance. The vegetation in the area has an ancient origin, known as "Tertiary Forest", "Natural Zoological and Botanical Garden" and "Subtropical Green Pearl", with diverse vegetation types and rich biological resources. There are 12 vegetation types, 92 vegetation communities, more than 3,400 vascular plants, 406 species of vertebrates (excluding fish), more than 3,000 species of insects, and the most complete preservation of central subtropical natural evergreen broad-leaved forests in the same latitude in the region, which is an important base for studying the subtropical biological resources of China and even the world.
Jiangxi Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve is located in the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains at the junction of Xianggan and Gansu provinces, and belongs to the forest ecological type nature reserve, the main protection object is the central subtropical humid evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem and its biodiversity. Jinggangshan Nature Reserve is one of the first batch of national ecological civilization education bases, national forestry demonstration reserves, national science popularization education bases, national forestry science popularization bases and national wildlife protection education bases. In July 2012, it was recognized by UNESCO as a World Biosphere Reserve.
Poyang Lake Internationally Important Wetland is Asia's largest wintering ground for migratory birds and one of the few habitats where rare and endangered species such as the Yangtze River finless porpoise depend for their survival, and there are many species and large numbers of wintering migratory birds, especially rare and endangered birds, and there are 23 species of migratory birds listed in the iUCN Endangered Species Red Book of Vulnerable Or above (1 species of extremely endangered species, 5 species of endangered species, and 17 species of vulnerable species), which are recognized by the international community as "rare bird kingdom" and "migratory bird paradise". The highest number of rare birds inhabiting this area is more than 4,000, and the highest number of eastern white storks is more than 2,800, accounting for more than 98% and 95% of its global total population, respectively. In the field of global wetland protection and biodiversity conservation, Poyang Lake wetlands play an irreplaceable role.
Poyang Lake Internationally Important Wetland (Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve) is located in the northwest corner of Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, at the confluence of the Ganjiang River and Xiuhe River, with a total area of 224 km². The reserve is an inland wetland, and the main wetland types include lakes, permanent rivers, seasonal lakes and permanent freshwater herbaceous swamps and swamps. The main objects of protection are wintering waterfowl and wetland ecosystems dominated by rare birds such as white cranes and eastern white storks.
Jiangxi, north pillow Yangtze River, south of Nanling, Wuyi Luoxiao, east-west barrier, There is China's largest freshwater lake - Poyang Lake, there are 10 provinces (autonomous regions, cities) in the southeast of the mainland - Huanggang Mountain, there are more than 2400 large and small rivers such as "Gan, Fu, Xin, Rao, Xiu" and "Five Rivers". The special geographical location, complex topography and landform, and the central subtropical climate environment with four distinct seasons and rain and heat at the same time have bred jiangxi's rich biodiversity. The 543 nature reserves of various types established in Jiangxi have built a natural ecological protection network with the Wuyi Mountains, Nanling Mountains, Luoxiao Mountains, Jiuling Mountains, Poyang Lake Wetlands, etc. as the key areas, with the protection of the central subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem, the natural wetland ecosystem of Poyang Lake, and rare wild animals and plants as the main body. According to the zoning of the Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity Conservation of China (2011-2030) and the Announcement of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on issuing > of the < of The Scope of Priority Areas for Biodiversity Conservation in China, Jiangxi is a hilly plain area in central China in East China, and four priority areas for biodiversity conservation, including Wuyi Mountain, Nanling, Huangshan-Huaiyu mountain and Poyang Lake.
Jiangxi has 845 species of wild vertebrates, including 105 species of mammals, 420 species of birds, 77 species of reptiles, and 40 species of amphibians, accounting for 21%, 34%, 20% and 14% of the number of similar animal species in the country, respectively; there are 19 species of national grade I. protected animals, 86 species of national grade II. species, listed in the appendix of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, rare and endangered species include leopards, clouded leopards, sika deer (southern subspecies), black chamois, sambar deer, Sumen antelope, black bears, yellow-bellied horned pheasants, white-necked pheasants, White storks, etc.
Cervus nippon , a national first-class protected animal , is a deer endemic to the East Asian monsoon region , with a population of more than 400 wild sika deer distributed in Jiangxi.
Tragopan caboti (yellow-bellied horned pheasant), a national first-class protected animal.
The Chinese autumn sand duck (mergus squamatus), a national first-class protected animal, is an indicator species of ecological environment.
Gorsachius magnificus, a critically endangered bird in the world, is a national second-class protected animal. Its population is very small in the world, and there are small breeding groups in the Jiulian Mountain Nature Reserve in Jiangxi, which has become an important habitat for the bird.
White egret (lophura nythemera), a national second-class protected animal. "Red-crowned phoenix-tailed snow white, dancing and spreading wings in the forest", elegant posture, gorgeous feathers, generous falling, agile and flexible, has its own quiet beauty, known as "forest fairy".
Teinopalpus aureus, a national first-class protected animal, ranks first among the world's eight most precious butterflies, and has the reputation of "dream butterfly" and "world animal living fossil".
There are 5117 species of known wild higher plants in Jiangxi, accounting for 17% of the total number of the country, including 563 species of bryophytes, 435 species of ferns, 31 species of gymnosperms, 4088 species of angiosperms, 9 species of national grade I protected plants, 46 species of national grade II., rare and endangered species such as deciduous lily, resource fir, southern yew, Bole tree, etc., with 124 species of vascular plants (variants, subspecies, variants) endemic to China.
Deciduous lily (manglietia decidua), a national I. key protected plant, belongs to a very small population species, the only deciduous tree in the genus Lilix, Jiangxi is only found in Yichun Mingyue Mountain, the trunk is upright, the flower color is elegant and noble, fragrant, and has high ornamental value.
Ancient tree group of tsuga chinensis in the Wuyishan National Conservation Area in Jiangxi.
Bole tree (bretschneidera sinensis), a national level I key protected wild plant, is a unique, ancient monospecies and remnants of China, Jiangxi is widely distributed, the crown is large and shady, the trunk is straight, the material is excellent, the flowers are large and beautiful, and the red fruits such as peach are excellent ornamental and timber tree species.
Tsuga longibracteata, a rare tree species endemic to China, is a representative species of large-fruit hemlock distributed in China, with a very special form.
Jiangxi is rich in forest resources and complex vegetation types, and the zonal vegetation type is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. The existing forest land in Jiangxi is 161 million mu, of which the forest area is 153 million mu, the forest coverage rate is 63.1%, the living standing wood accumulation is 576 million cubic meters, and the desertification land area is 960,000 mu.
Lushan National Nature Reserve
Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve
Wuyishan National Nature Reserve
Jiulian Mountain National Nature Reserve
Matoushan National Nature Reserve
Luoxiaoshan Grand Canyon National Forest Park
Guifeng National Forest Park, named for its distant view of a giant turtle swimming eastward, and with its unique natural landscape of "no mountains and no turtles, no stones and no turtles", it has won the sigh of "the wonder of the turtle peak and the mountain, the wild geese have nothing", which is a model of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
Yaoli National Forest Park is known as "the source of porcelain, the hometown of tea, and the sea of forests".
Grassland ecosystems
The area of natural grassland in Jiangxi is 14.2 million mu. The grassland types are mainly hot grasses, hot shrubs and lowland meadows; there are mainly 24 grassland types, such as mango, hot grass, mang, five-knotted mango, white grass, wild grass, golden grass, reed, dog tooth root, false frock grass, and sedge. The lake area around Poyang Lake is mainly distributed with grass beach moss grass, and the peaks of Wugong Mountain, Jiuling Mountain, Huanggang Mountain, Nanfengmian, Qiyun Mountain and other peaks are mainly distributed in mountain meadows.
Wugong Mountain Mountain Meadow
Wuyi mountain meadows
Wetland ecosystems
The total area of wetlands in Jiangxi is 910,100 hectares, accounting for 5.45% of the land area of Jiangxi, and there are 4 types of wetlands in 4 categories and 8 types, of which 374,100 hectares are lake wetlands, 310,800 hectares are river wetlands, 25,800 hectares are swamp wetlands, and 199,400 hectares are constructed wetlands; there are 93,000 hectares of wetlands with more than 1 hectare in Jiangxi urban planning area, and the urban wetland rate is 7.9%. The comprehensive benefits of wetland ecosystems in Jiangxi are more prominent, especially in terms of carbon sequestration and oxygen release, water storage and flood control, species conservation, etc., and the comprehensive benefit value of wetlands totals 144.112 billion yuan / year, with an average value of 158,400 yuan / ha · year, which is at a high level in the country.
Poyang Lake is an internationally important wetland
Kongmujiang National Wetland Park
Biodiversity is the basis for the survival and development of human society, which not only maintains the natural ecological balance, but also closely related to human food, clothing, housing and material and cultural life. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi will conscientiously implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech on inspecting Jiangxi, firmly establish a new development concept, further increase biodiversity conservation, fully implement the strategy of green rise, continuously strengthen the protection of natural ecological resources and the cultivation of forest resources, and make due contributions to Jiangxi's construction of a national ecological civilization pilot zone and the creation of a beautiful Chinese "Jiangxi model". (News source: China Wildlife Conservation Association public number editor Wang Qiang)