"This year, I feel that my body is getting worse and worse than before, I usually take a child, I don't feel tired with one hand, and now I am holding a child for two or three minutes to walk a little breathlessly" Uncle Wang told Director Gao Fengyu with anxiety about his condition
"It is also easy to diarrhea and stomach pain from time to time, and if it is bad, go to the clinic to buy some medicine to eat, intermittent and always can't get better"
Director Gao inquired about the condition, improved the basic examination, and found that the patient had anemia and was positive for occult blood in the stool. An elderly person with anemia, positive fecal occult blood, usually paroxysmal abdominal pain, bloating, first need to exclude gastrointestinal tumors, and gastrointestinal endoscopy is the preferred examination method.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > colonoscopy found worm body peristalsis</h1>
Soon, we arranged a colonoscopy for Uncle Wang, and Director Gao Fengyu entered the microscope little by little, carefully observing the situation in the intestinal lumen in order to find the cause.
Suddenly, something slender, still squirming, appeared on the display, and when it came to focus, it was a parasite. The colonoscopy continued to move forward, and we found a number of insects, and if there were no special circumstances, this small insect was the culprit that caused uncle abdominal pain and anemia.
(Colonoscopic finding of whipworms)
"Now it is rare to find parasites in the intestinal cavity, but there are still some people who do not pay attention to the diet and will be infected," Gao Gao Yu sighed.
We took the live worms through a colonoscopy, and the final test showed that it was a whipworm infection, and then we took insecticides.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="127" > ask for medical history: often buy a lot of vegetables and eat them cold</h1>
Carefully inquire about the diet and hygiene habits of the uncle, it turned out that Uncle Wang and Wang Da Niang came to Jinan after retiring from their hometown, there is no pressure in life, usually pay attention to health, feel that they are old, eat greasy digestion can not be, often buy a lot of vegetables cold mix to eat.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="128" > prevent parasites, and living habits are very important</h1>
In addition to taking deworming medications to prevent intestinal parasitic infections, it is also important for individuals to develop good personal hygiene habits. Wash your hands before and after meals, cut your nails frequently; educate children to change the habit of eating fingers and biting nails; do not eat unclean raw melons, fruits, and vegetables, avoid direct contact with the soil with your hands and feet, and advocate wearing shoes to work in the field. In addition, strengthen the management of manure and do not defecate on the ground; strengthen the management of livestock, and do not raise chickens, ducks and geese in cities. Schools and kindergartens should regularly organize deworming to prevent cross-infection between students and young children.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="129" > Appendix: Common Parasites That Infect Humans</h1>
The intestinal parasites that parasitize the human body mainly include roundworms, whipworms, hookworms, pinworms and other four kinds of parasites.
1. Roundworms
Resembling roundworm nematodes, referred to as human roundworms or roundworms. Roundworms are directly developing and do not require an intermediate host, including the development of eggs in the external soil, the migration and development of larvae in the human body, and the parasitism of adults in the small intestine.
Stage of infection: eggs of worms in the infectious stage;
Mode of infection: ingestion of eggs containing infected periods;
Clinical manifestations:
1. Pathogenesis of larvae: migration through liver and lung tissue, causing mechanical damage, especially in the lung migration through the alveolar capillaries caused by punctate bleeding and eosinophil-based inflammatory invasion. Worm death or metabolites can cause a systemic hypersensitivity reaction, and in severe cases, ascaria pneumonia can heal itself after a few days.
2. Adult pathogenesis:
(1) Plundering nutrients, destroying the intestinal mucosa and affecting absorption: because roundworms take semi-digested food in the small intestine as nutrition, mechanical damage to the lips and teeth of roundworms and chemical stimulation of insect metabolites can cause intestinal mucosal damage, affecting the body's absorption of proteins, fats, sugars and vitamins, and a large number of parasitisms cause adverse effects and developmental disorders.
(2) Hypersensitivity reaction: The insect body allergen is absorbed by the human body, causing IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. Urticaria, itchy skin, conjunctivitis, allergic purpura, etc.
(3) Complications (the most important harm): Roundworms are generally in a quiet state when parasitizing in the small intestine, and cause roundworm commotion when fever, intestinal dysfunction, or the use of anesthetics, anthelmintic drugs.
(1) Mechanical intestinal obstruction: there are a large number of insect parasites in the small intestine, and the insect bodies twist into clumps with each other and block the intestinal tube. The site of obstruction is more common in the terminal ileum or ileo blind part.
(2) Biliary ascariasis: roundworms have drilling habits, can drill into various pipes (bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, appendix) that open in the intestinal cavity, and even drill into the liver, causing biliary ascariasis, appendicitis, liver ascariasis. Dead eggs and debris in the bile ducts become the core of the gallstone.
2. Whipworms
Adult worms mainly parasitize the cecum, but can also be seen parasitizing the appendix, colon, rectum, and lower ileum, causing whipworm disease.
Stage of infection: whipworm eggs in the infectious stage;
Mode of infection: infection by mouth;
Pathogenic stage: adult
Clinical symptoms:
1. Mildly infected patients have no obvious symptoms, and eggs are found during fecal examination.
2. Severely infected patients have dizziness, paroxysmal pain in the lower abdomen, bloating, chronic diarrhea, anemia, emaciation, etc., and a small number of patients have fever, urticaria, eosinophilia, etc.
3. Hookworms
The main hookworms that parasitize the human body are: duodenal hookworm (duodenal hookworm) and American plate mouth nematode (American hookworm). They all parasitize the small intestine of the human body, mainly in the jejunum, causing hookworm disease, and the symptoms are iron deficiency anemia.
Mode of infection
1. Through skin infection (barefoot to the ground, contact with the epidemic area).
2. Infected by mouth, the ingested filamentous larva invades the blood vessels in the oral cavity and esophageal mucosa, migrates into the intestinal cavity, and develops into adult worms.
3. Raw food to continue the host's meat
4. Occasionally, it can be infected by placenta and breast milk
5. Extension and migration.
Clinical manifestations
Whether clinical symptoms occur after human infection with hookworms is related to the number of invasive filariae and the number of parasites in the small intestine. According to the different degrees of damage it causes, it is divided into:
1. There is hookworm parasitism in the small intestine, without any clinical symptoms, becoming a hookworm infection or insect carrier.
2. Hookworm disease, hookworm parasitism causes clinical signs and symptoms of different degrees of anemia.
4. Pinworms
Adult worms parasitize the human cecum, appendix, colon, rectum and lower ileum, and can free from the intestinal lumen, causing pinworm disease. Attaches to the intestinal mucosa and feeds on intestinal contents, tissue fluid or blood. Incidence: urban is higher than rural, children are higher than adults.
Mode of infection:
1. The egg-laying activity of female insects causes perianal itching, and the patient scratches the itch with her hands, and the eggs infect the fingers and are ingested by mouth to produce their own infection.
2. Inhalation infection: during the infection period, insect eggs are scattered on indoor dust, toys, furniture, and infected by mouth or inhalation.
3. Allogeneic infection.
4. Retrograde infection: after laying eggs, females can retrograde ileal lumen cause infection, or migrate to other parts, ectopic parasitism.
1. Itching is the only symptom in most infected people. Patients scratch the skin when they scratch with their hands, causing secondary infection. Children are often accompanied by symptoms such as wasting, teeth grinding at night, lack of appetite, and restlessness. Mechanical stimulation, excrement and secretions induced by the host to hypersensitivity during crawling around the anus of the female, causing skin itching.
2. The attachment of the insect body can cause mild damage to the intestinal mucosa, resulting in chronic inflammation or digestive tract dysfunction.
3. Ectopic parasitism leads to obvious damage: female insects invade the vagina, causing vaginitis, salpingitis, endometritis, etc.; parasitism of the abdominal cavity, intestinal wall tissue, pelvic cavity, and fallopian tubes can cause granulomas centered on insect bodies or eggs. (Text/Jia Li Editor/Xu Xiao)