Parasites parasitizing the gallbladder and bile ducts are clinically seen in posterior testicular flukes. Gallbladder is full and swollen, and is clinically seen in acute infectious diseases, such as avian cholera, avian paratyphoid fever, goose fever, duck plague, etc., and also in some parasitic diseases, such as goose posterior testosomiasis. Gallbladder shrinkage is seen in chronic wasting diseases such as taeniasis and trematodiasis. Bile is dark green in color and is common in acute infectious diseases. Oligobile, pale color, or edema of the mucosa of the gallbladder are seen in chronic diseases such as severe intestinal parasitic infections and nutritional metabolic diseases.
12． Kidneys, ureters Kidney enlargement, congestion, clinically seen in avian paratyphoid fever, streptococcal disease, spirochetes, etc., goose influenza, etc., but also seen in salt poisoning and dysentery poisoning. The kidneys are significantly enlarged with tumor-like nodules, which are clinically seen in lymphoid leukemia and occasionally in granulomas caused by E. coli. Renal enlargement, white urate concentration on the surface, ureter and tubule filled with white urate crystals are a common lesion of visceral gout, and are also seen in diseases such as avian paratyphoid fever, goose glomerulosomiasis, VA deficiency, sulfonamide poisoning, and calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders. Ureteral stones are clinically common in gout and imbalanced calcium-phosphorus ratios. The kidneys are pale, and clinically seen in the chicks of birds with paratyphoid fever, live leukocytosis, severe tapeworm disease, trematodiasis, coccidiosis and bleeding of internal organs caused by various causes.
13． Ovaries, fallopian tubes or testicles, penis Egg morphology is incomplete, wrinkles and dryness and color changes and deformation, degeneration, clinically common in avian paratyphoid fever, E. coli disease, but also occasionally in chronic avian cholera. Hyperemia and bleeding of the outer membrane of the egg are clinically seen in cases of acute death of egg-laying geese, such as avian cholera, avian paratyphoid fever, and poisoning with pesticides and rodenticides. The ovarian body is significantly enlarged, showing a cooked meat-like cauliflower-like tumor, which is clinically seen in ovarian adenocarcinoma. Parasites that parasitize the fallopian tubes and are commonly found in protozoan trematodes. There are coagulant necrotic substances (coagulated or decaying yolks, proteins) in the fallopian tubes, which are clinically seen in yolk peritonitis, avian paratyphoid fever, and avian influenza in egg-laying geese. Tubal prolapse outside the anus, often due to insufficient nutrition in egg-laying geese entering the peak period or laying double yolk eggs and deformed eggs, and also seen in prolapse caused by long-term diarrhea. Swelling or atrophy of testicles on one or both sides, multiple small necrotic foci of testicular tissue, and occasional clinically seen in Salmonella male goose infection. Testicular atrophy degeneration is seen in VE deficiency. Penile prolapse, redness, erosion, or small green bean-sized nodules or necrotic scabs are clinically more common in goose E. coli disease, gonococcosis, and sometimes caused by penile traumatic infection.
14． Esophageal mucosa has many small white nodules, which are clinically more common in VA deficiency. The mucosa of the esophagus has a white pseudomembrane and ulcers (present in both the mouth and pharynx), and is clinically seen in fungal stomatitis caused by Candida albicans infection. The mucous membrane of the lower esophagus has a grayish-yellow pseudomembrane and crusting, and ulcers can occur when the pseudomembrane is peeled off, which is often a lesion characteristic of duck plague. Hemorrhagic spots on the mucous membrane of the lower esophagus are also seen in throfuran poisoning.
15． Glandular stomach and myomegatric Parasites that parasites within the muscular stomach are the goose fissure nematode. Bleeding from the glandular gastric mucosa and nipples is clinically seen in goose paramyxovirus disease and in cholera in birds. Bleeding spots at the junction of the glandular stomach and the muscular stomach are seen in spirotheloidosis. The muscular stomach is relatively empty, and its cornea turns green, which is common in chronic diseases, mostly caused by bile reflux. Muscular and gastric keratinous ulcers ( especially at the junction of the muscarisogas and pylorus ) are clinically seen in lysodiasis. The muscular and stomach keratin is easy to fall off, and there are bleeding spots or ulcers under the stratum corneum, which are clinically seen in goose paramyxovirus disease, duck plague, avian Lichenellosis, and resident leukocytosis.
16． During intestinal tube autopsy, pay attention to the location of intestinal worm parasites and the number of worm bodies. Parasitic worms that parasitize the intestines of goose are tapeworms, trematodes, and nematodes. Taenia sphire, tapeworm, roundworm, and spiny mouth fluffworm parasitize the duodenum and jejunum; slender dorsal trematodes and heteroethornodes parasitize in the cecum, also in the cecum, and protozoan trematodes are mostly parasitic in the rectum, and sometimes in slender dorsal trematodes parasitize in the rectum. The small intestine is thickened and the mucous membrane is rough, resulting in a large number of gray-white necrotic spots and bleeding spots, which are clinically seen in gooseworm disease. The mucosa of the small intestine presents with acute catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation. The mucous membrane is dark red or has bleeding spots, and there is a large amount of mucus and exfoliated mucous membrane in the intestinal cavity, which is clinically seen in acute septic infectious diseases, such as avian cholera, avian paratyphoid fever, avian streptococcal disease, E. coli disease, etc., as well as early goose plague lesions, and also seen in some poisoning diseases such as furandan poisoning, fluoroacetamide poisoning, etc. Bleeding from the intestinal mucosa, scattered yellowish overlaid pseudomembranous crustings on the mucous membranes, and the formation of hemorrhagic ulcers, clinically seen in goose paramyxovirus disease. Intestinal wall production of nodules of varying sizes, this lesion is clinically seen in adult goose tuberculosis, intestinal mucosal necrosis, common in chronic avian paratyphoid fever, necrotizing enteritis, E. coli disease, and VE deficiency. A segment of the intestinal tube shows blood purple, and there is a bleeding mucus or dark red blood clot in the intestinal lumen, which is clinically seen in mesenteric hernia or intestinal volvulus. The intestinal tract is enlarged, the intestinal mucosa is detached, the intestinal wall is smooth and thinned, and a yellowish coagulant embolism is formed in the intestinal lumen, which is clinically seen in typical small goose plague lesions. Coagulated embolism in the cecum, clinically seen in chronic avian paratyphoid fever. Erosion of the cecum mucosa is clinically seen in slender dorsal tremazobiasis in chicks. Cecum bleeding, bloody stool in the intestinal lumen, smooth mucous membranes, clinically seen in sulfonamide poisoning.
17． Pancreas Pancreatic enlargement, bleeding or necrosis, enlarged follicles, clinically seen in acute septic infectious diseases, such as avian cholera, avian paratyphoid fever, E. coli sepsis, etc., but also seen in some poisoning diseases, such as goose fluacetamide poisoning, enemy rat sodium salt poisoning, furandan poisoning, etc. Granulomatous pancreas are seen in lesions caused by E. coli and Salmonella. Pancreatic atrophy, formation of vacuoles within glandular cells, and the presence of transparent bodies, clinically seen in VE and selenium deficiency.
18． Cecum tonsils Enlargement and bleeding of the cecum tonsils, clinically seen in some acute infectious diseases and certain parasitic diseases, such as avian cholera, avian paratyphoid fever, E. coli disease, goose paramucovirus disease, duck plague, goose coccidiosis and so on.
19． Parasites in the supraluminal supravenous sac are mostly protozoan trematodes. Supraluminal cysts and mucosal hemorrhages are clinically seen in certain infectious and parasitic diseases, such as duck plague, cryptosporidiosis, protosporasis, and sometimes occasionally goose paramyxovirus disease, severe tapeworm disease, etc. Suprastal sac is reduced and clinically seen in nutritional deficiencies.
20． Cerebellar softening, swelling, bleeding spots, or necrosis are clinically seen in CHIA deficiency. There are yellowish nodules in the brain and meninges, which are common in Aspergillus annida infection. The brain is dendritic and bleeding, with edema or necrosis, and is clinically seen in Escherichia coli disease and salmonellosis.
21． Parathyroid glands Are enlarged and clinically seen in rickets of chicks and osteochondrosis in adult geese caused by phosphorus deficiency, calcium deficiency and VD deficiency.
22． Bone and joints The posterior skull is weak and clinically seen in chick goose rickets and chick VE deficiency; the sternum is S-curved, the ribs are nodular beaded at the junction of the ribs and the rib cartilage, and are commonly caused by calcium deficiency, phosphorus deficiency or VD deficiency of chick goose rickets or severe taeniasis infection. The metatarsal bone is soft and easy to fold, and is commonly seen in rickets, osteochonia, and osteoporosis caused by fattening geese feeding calcium hydrophosphate. Swelling of the joints and inflammatory exudates in the joint capsules are common in Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, streptococcus infections, and in chronic cholera in geese. Joint enlargement and deformation are clinically seen in rickets and biotin, choline deficiency, and manganese deficiency, and are also seen in joint gout.