Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the prevention and control of livestock epidemic in rural areas has been in a backward state, there has never been a veterinary institution, the general large animals have diseases and invite folk veterinarians to irrigate chinese herbal medicine, and small animals are treated by indigenous methods, encountering epidemic diseases such as anthrax, swine fever, chicken plague, etc., the mortality rate of livestock and poultry is extremely high, which seriously endangers the development of rural animal husbandry.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the people's government attached special importance to the prevention and control of epidemic diseases, gradually strengthened the construction of the veterinary team and the prevention of epidemic diseases, continuously updated vaccines, improved epidemic prevention measures, and made treatment technology more comprehensive and advanced. In 1950, Suiyuan Province set up a veterinary prevention and control team, which was directly responsible for the prevention and control of livestock diseases in Suiyuan City. In 1958, commune veterinary stations were established in all rural communes. In order to meet the needs of epidemic prevention work, from 1964 to 1966, each rural production brigade trained 1 to 2 veterinarians, mainly to carry out animal disease prevention work, and some veterinarians with high technical level and rich clinical experience undertook the treatment of animal diseases, forming a prevention and control network composed of commune veterinary stations and brigade veterinarians. After the implementation of the production responsibility system, livestock are raised in households, the management is better, and the incidence of livestock and poultry is reduced. Most of the veterinary stations run by the society implement a self-financing management system, some of the veterinarians of the brigade adopt the method of contracting, and some are amortized by the villagers according to households, the funds for prevention and control work cannot be guaranteed, and most veterinary stations exist in name only. In 1983, the municipal finance allocated public aid funds to promote livestock and poultry epidemic prevention work, so that the level of epidemic prevention and control of rural livestock and poultry was improved. In 1999, the epidemic prevention work of rural livestock and poultry in Huimin District fully implemented the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China, and compulsory immunization was implemented for key diseases, so that the prevention and control of key diseases was strengthened. In 2004, the Hohhot Municipal People's Government required the animal epidemic prevention system to form a four-level government and three-level network management, the Huimin District set up an animal disease prevention and control center, set up an animal epidemic prevention workstation in Youyouban Town, and set up epidemic prevention personnel in various administrative villages, and the animal epidemic prevention system was initially established. In order to prevent unnecessary losses caused by vaccination to dairy households, the Huimin District has correspondingly established a "special account for cow risk funds", that is, if there is death, miscarriage, etc. after vaccination, the government will pay a certain amount of compensation to ensure the sustainability of epidemic prevention work. By 2005, more than 30 kinds of livestock and poultry infectious diseases had been identified in the Huimin area, and more than 10 common ones had been effectively prevented and controlled.
Foot-and-mouth disease is a type of animal disease. Foot-and-mouth disease, commonly known as aphthous sores, is an acute febrile contact infectious disease of even-hoofed animals caused by the foot-and-mouth disease virus. The main symptom is characteristic blisters and ulcerations in the mouth, hooves, and breasts. Purebred dairy cows are the most susceptible to infection in natural epidemics, followed by pigs, and then sheep and camels. After 2000, this disease is one of the main prevention diseases, and the epidemic prevention work must be carried out twice a year in spring and autumn, and dairy cows are exempted from three times a year (three times a year for foot-and-mouth disease immunization), the immunization density is 100%, and foot-and-mouth disease can be controlled. In 2004, when Asian foot-and-mouth disease type i was introduced to China, the people's government of Huimin District quickly immunized pigs, cattle and sheep with subtype I vaccines to prevent livestock from being infected with the disease.
Swine fever is a type of animal disease. It is a highly contagious disease caused by swine fever virus, which is characterized by acute passage and high fever retention. Highly contagious and high mortality. The Muslim area is regularly vaccinated against swine fever once a year to prevent the large-scale occurrence of the disease.
Avian influenza, also known as chicken plague, is a type of animal disease. It is an acute, highly lethal infectious disease in poultry. In the spring of 2004, when a large-scale outbreak of avian influenza broke out throughout the country, the Muslim areas actively organized prevention and registered all poultry in the territory, during which a total of 21,747 poultry were injected with emergency injections and 100% immunization. More than a month later, the blockade was lifted. Poultry will be vaccinated with this vaccine every year in the epidemic prevention work.
Psoriasis is a three-class animal disease. A chronic parasitic disease caused by the parasitism of the larvae of the cow skin and striae fly on the subcutaneous tissue of the back of cattle. This type of disease is more common in rural areas, and more cattle are affected. In 2000, the Huimin District took the expulsion of the cowskin fly as a major task in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases, issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Prevention and Control of The Disease of The Cowsflies and Maggots", completed the epidemic prevention of 1,508 heads, and in 2002 passed the acceptance of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Group for the Prevention and Control of The Cowskin Fly Maggot Disease, and the incidence of the disease of the Cowskin Fly Maggot Disease in the Huimin District was less than 1%, becoming one of the first five areas in Hohhot to pass the acceptance inspection.
Rabies is a second-class animal disease, commonly known as mad dog disease. It is an acute infectious disease caused by the rabies virus. It is characterized by neuroexcitatory consciousness disorder in diseased animals, followed by local or systemic paralysis and death, and people and various livestock and poultry are susceptible, and the mortality rate once the onset is as high as 100%. The incubation period of the disease is generally 6 months, the short one is 10 days, and the long one can reach more than one year. On February 12, 2005, the Hohhot Municipal People's Government issued the "Regulations on the Administration of Dog Breeding in Hohhot", requiring dogs to apply for a dog license, and on September 1 of the same year, the Huimin District authorized two pet hospitals to carry out vaccinations and assist the public security organs in applying for a dog license.
Brucellosis is a class II infectious disease. It is a zoonotic chronic infectious disease caused by Brucella. The main symptoms are female miscarriage, orchitis in male animals and paragonaditis. People suffer from this disease, waist and legs are painful, unable to work. In 2003, the Muslim district carried out a comprehensive census of dairy cows in the territory, and regularly injected dairy cows with cloth disease vaccine, isolated after discovering brucellosis, and naturally eliminated.
(Source: Chronicle of Hohhot City, Huimin District)