Text: Kuaizai Feng (Reading History Columnist)
Chinese history is a history of rebellion. Citing Sun Monkey's famous saying, the emperor takes turns to do it and comes to my house next year.
However, in the great rebellions and uprisings of successive dynasties, there is a law of "initiators": those who take the lead in exposing the pole cannot get the world. Moreover, not only can you not get the world to sit in the Dragon Court, but basically the end is very miserable.
Chen Sheng, a pawn, led an army in DazeXiang with Wu Guang in 209 BC, shouting that "the prince will have a kind of hu" that inspired future generations, becoming the first person to oppose the Qin uprising. He was proclaimed king of Chen County, and established the Zhang Chu regime, which was a storm.
Ending: Defeated by the Qin general Zhang Handan, he was assassinated by the coachman and killed.
Wang Kuang, together with Wang Feng, led a rebellion of starving people in LulinShan, Hubei Province, with hundreds of thousands of troops, and Liu Xiu's brothers were all subordinates, leading the rebel army to capture Luoyang.
Ending: Suspected by the first emperor Liu Xuan, he surrendered to Liu Xiu and was killed by Liu Xiu's generals.
Zhang Jiao, the leader of the peasant rebel army "Yellow Turban Army" at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was the founder of Taiping Dao. In 184 AD, Zhang Jiao, with the slogan of "The heavens are dead, the yellow sky is standing, the age is in the jiazi, the world is auspicious", called himself "General Tiangong", led the masses to launch an uprising, known in history as the "Yellow Turban Uprising".
Outcome: Zhang Jiao fell ill and died, and the rebel army was quickly suppressed by local warlords, and the Three Kingdoms era began.
Wang Bo, in the seventh year of Daye (611), gathered a crowd with Meng Rang, a native of the same county, to raise an army, calling himself "Zhi Shilang", composing "The Death Song of the Liaodong Wave without Direction", with tens of thousands of troops, taking the lead in opening the curtain of the rebel army against the Sui throughout the country.
Outcome: A year after the rebellion, he was defeated by the Sui general Zhang Sutuo, who defected to Yu Wenhua and Li Yuan, and was later killed by the enemy family.
Wang Xianzhi, a salt smuggler, launched a rebellion in Puyang, Puzhou, in early 874 AD, claiming to be a general of the Junping Tiantian Supplement, and received a positive response from his peer Huang Chao, who joined tens of thousands of troops.
Ending: Four years after the uprising, he was surrounded by the Tang general Zeng Yuanyu and killed in battle.
Han Shantong, the leader of the Red Turban Army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the eleventh year of the Yuan Shun Emperor Zhizheng (1351), and Liu Futong planned the "Stone People with One Eye, Provoking the Yellow River World Rebellion" incident, revolted in Yingzhou, was promoted to be the King of Ming, and set off a nationwide uprising.
Outcome: Shortly after the uprising, he was hunted down and killed by the local government.
In the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Wang Jiayin organized a large number of local disaster victims to unveil the pole, thus opening the prelude to the peasant revolt at the end of the Ming Dynasty. After Wang Jiayin's uprising, the responders flocked to him, and Gao Yingxiang and Li Zicheng were all his subordinates.
Ending: After three years of rebellion, he was besieged by the Ming general Cao Wenzhao and assassinated by internal traitors.
In addition to these most typical initiators, there have been many uprisings and riots in the past dynasties, not to mention them, and the end is basically that the leader was killed and the uprising was destroyed.
The only exception is Hong Xiuquan of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, who served as the Heavenly King for more than ten years and eventually committed suicide and was defeated.
Those who took the lead in the incident were the first to be destroyed, and the reasons for combing were actually nothing more than these three:
First, the tree makes a big move, attracting the enemy's strongest firepower;
Second, there are many internal contradictions, and more people die of infighting than external enemies;
Third, the leaders do not have the two major success factors summarized by Mr. Li Zongwu: thick skin and dark heart.
The initiators can't run to the finish line, so who are the people in the world?
"Follow the runner" to win the world——
Liu Bangting, who responded to Chen Sheng's Wu Guang uprising, grew up to the world;
Liu Xiu, who served as a "partial general" under Wang Kuang and Wang Feng, won the world;
Cao Cao, Sun Jian Liu Bei, who suppressed the Yellow Turban Rebellion, divided the world among the three major forces;
Li Yuan, Li Shimin, who responded to Wang Bo's rebellion, won the world;
Zhu Wen, the Huangchao general who followed Wang Xianzhi, won the world;
Zhu Yuanzhang, who made Han Shantong's son Han Lin'er king, won the world.
The ancients sighed cloud: Chen Sheng was partial to singing in the front, and Liu Ji tijian was happy in the back.
Whoever lights the knife first is making a wedding dress for someone else.
The "Biography of Ming Shi Han Lin'er" says it thoroughly: Lin Er crossed the Central Plains, ravaged the arsonists, and covered the river and Huai for more than ten years. Taizu was able to calmly create the Creator by his power. In the rise of the emperor, there will be pioneers who will succeed in their careers.
Those who are familiar with the tactics of following the running are strategists, ambitionists, thick-skinned and dark-skinned, without exception.
Liu Bang's son Lao Tzu can be abandoned, Cao Cao Ning taught me to bear the world's people, Liu Xiu's brother was killed to apologize, Li Shimin killed his brother to force his father, Zhu Wen first rebelled against Huang Chao and then rebelled against Tang, Zhu Yuanzhang built a wall to slowly claim that Wang Yi dynasty had slaughtered all the heroes, which is the good stubble? Which is not the Grandfather of Thick Black Studies?
In China, the history of rebellion reacts simply to a philosophical problem: the head bird dies first, and the hidden ninja wins the world.
Author's Profile: A little bit of haoran qi, a thousand miles fast wind! Kuaizao Feng, formerly known as Wang Hao, is a scholar of the history of Sino-Japanese relations and a writer of literature and history. Let us talk with you about the plagiarism history of the Chinese cattle people, the hidden history of famous ancient books, and the new, unforgettable and interesting customs and dead histories in the history of Sino-Japanese relations.