Wuhu Express
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Today is World Animation Day
Happy Holidays to all animators!!
So why October 28th?
What are the historically representative animation works?
What animation works do you miss the most?
Why doesn't the animator's festival take a holiday?
Why October 28th?
Once upon a time, 129 years ago today (October 28, 1892), the Frenchman Emile Reynaud, with his invention of the optical camera and music, was exhibited at the Grevin Museum in Paris, the first public screening of an animated film in history, and the World Animation Association (ASIFA) celebrated this epochal day by designating October 28 as International Animation Day.
The so-called animation is a "dynamic illusion" created by human beings after observing external things, forming pictures in their brains and adding dynamic capture. In 1824, the Englishman Pete Mark Roggote first discovered visual persistence. In the same year, the Englishman John A. Parris invented the "phantom disk" (or photo disc): one side of the disc depicts a bird, the other side draws an empty cage, and when the disc is rotated, the bird appears in the cage.
Emile Renault designed the movable mirror in 1876 on the basis of the revolving image mirror and the diorama; in 1879, he designed the movable mirror camera through improvement; later in 1888, the design was further improved, and the optical picture camera was born, that is, the length of the picture bar was extended by facilitating the spool. The drawings are depicted on strips of tape with holes punched on both sides, and a strip of tape usually depicts 500-600 pictures.
Movable mirror
Movable mirror camera
Optical drama machine
The earliest human exploration of the record of exercise
Located in Spain, in the 25,000-year-old Altamira cave paintings, more than four galloping ox feet appeared, which can be regarded as the earliest human imagination and capture of moving images found so far.
The continuous decomposition of ancient Egyptian murals, like the later marquee, as well as the Indonesian java and Chinese shadow puppetry, also have the prototype of image animation (moving shadows and paintings).
Altamira cave paintings
The world's first hand-drawn animation
In fact, there is some controversy about this: J. Syuart Blackton in the United States and Emile Cohl in France both claim to be the first to make hand-drawn animation. But whether it's the rich expression changes in Craigton's "The Humorous Phases of Funny Faces" or the exaggerated body language and visual transformation in Cole's "Phantasmagorie," they form an important language in the aesthetics of animation and show the two major elements of animation, namely "imagination" and "humor".
"Funny Face Humor"
Phantom Collection
The world's first sound animation
In 1928, on a calm river, a white steamship was driving straight, listen! It was who was humming happily, it was Mitch at the helm, and even the whistle was playing happily. The interesting story begins here...
Since the premiere of "Steamboat Power", Mickey Mouse has been deeply rooted in people's hearts ever since.
Steamboat Mighty
The world's first color animation
Many people say that 1932's "Flowers and Trees" was the first animation, and the film was also the world's first Oscar-winning animated short film.
Flowers and Trees
Unbeknownst to you, the father of animation, Emile Renault, released in 1892, Poor Biello is also a color animation.
Poor Biello
The world's first animated feature film
In 1937, Disney officially released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first color animated feature film in the history of cinema, adapted from the European story of Grimm's Fairy Tales, Snow White.
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
The world's first three-dimensional animated feature film
Directed by John Lasseter, Toy Story was released in North America on November 22, 1995. As the first fully computer-generated animation, each frame took between 4 and 13 hours depending on the complexity of the shots.
Toy Story
Pixar's history goes back to 1986, when Lucasfilm's Industrial Light and Magic computer animation division was acquired by Steve Jobs for $10 million, which officially became an independent production company, Pixar.
Pixar
Knowing so much, it is natural to trace some representative works in the history of Chinese animation:
China's first animated short film
The history of Chinese animated films, which is universally defined, began in 1926, marked by the birth of "The Big Trouble Studio". The Wan brothers who created this short film——— Wan Liming, Wan Gu Toad, Wan Chaochen, and Wan Dihuan, are known as the founders of Chinese animation films.
"The Big Trouble Studio"
In fact, in 1922, the Wan brothers filmed the animation advertisement "Shu Zhendong Chinese Typewriter" for the Film and Drama Department of the Commercial Press, but because it has always been regarded as an advertisement, it has not been officially mentioned.
China's first sound animation
Painted in 1935, Camel Dance is the first Chinese audio animation film, written, directed, produced, photographed and recorded by the Wan brothers.
The film is based on the story of Aesop's Fables, which has since opened a new page in the history of Chinese art films, and Chinese audio animation has gradually entered a mature stage.
"Camel Dance"
China's first animated feature film
Directed by the Wan Brothers, Princess Iron Fan was officially released in 1941 and released to Southeast Asia and Japan at the same time, and Chinese animation began to go global, and the film was also the first animated feature film in Asia.
The film tells the story of four Tang monks and apprentices who went to the Western Heavens to learn the scriptures and were blocked by the Flame Mountain Three borrowing banana fans. As soon as it was released, it was warmly welcomed by the people, and the famous manga artist and animation producer Osamu Tezuka was also inspired by "Princess Iron Fan" that year and began to create one classic animation work after another.
The Iron Fan Princess
The pioneering work of the Chinese school of animation
The "Chinese Animation School" is generally recognized as starting in 1956, not only with its pioneering work "The Proud General", but also by Te Wei, director of the Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio at the time, who also put forward the creative concept of "creating a national style".
The Proud General
China's first paper-cut animation
"Pig Eight Commandments Eat Watermelon" is a paper-cut animation film written by Bao Lei and directed by Wangu Toad. The film was released in Chinese mainland in 1958.
"Eight Commandments of Pigs EatIng Watermelon"
China's first ink animation
"Little Tadpole Finds Mother" is produced by Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio, directed by Te Wei, Qian Jiajun and Tang Cheng, based on the fairy tale of the same name created by Fang Huizhen and Sheng Lude, based on the image of fish and shrimp created by painter Qi Baishi.
The animation was officially released in 1961, and it took a lot of experience to explore the technology in the early stage, the first experimental shot was "a frog jumping from the lotus leaf", after having its own basic method, the original animation artists in the audience began to make large-scale production of frogs, fish, shrimp, horses and other clips, and then according to the needs of the film, and added some connection shots.
"Little Tadpole Finds Mother"
China's first large-scale color widescreen animated feature film
"Nezha Noisy Sea" is an animated film produced by Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio, directed by Yan Dingxian, Wang Shuchen and Xu Jingda, and it is China's first large-scale color widescreen animated feature film.
Preparations for the film began in May 1978 and were completed in August 1979 with a production cycle of one year and three months.
"Nezha Noisy Sea"
A landmark work in the history of Chinese animation films
"Haunting the Heavenly Palace" is a color animated feature film produced by Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio from 1961 to 1964, distributed by the French company les films de ma vie (vhs) and co-directed by Wan Liming and Tang Cheng.
According to incomplete statistics, since Sun Wukong's "Haunting the Heavenly Palace" was put on the animation screen in 1964, in addition to being widely screened many times in China, this animation film has been exported, distributed and screened to 44 countries and regions (many tv stations have screened the film, including the British BBC).
If "The Princess of the Iron Fan" let the world discover Chinese animation, then "The Haunting of the Heavenly Palace" can be said to make Chinese animation "fire" all over the world. As a classic, "The Haunting of The Heavenly Palace" has influenced generations of people so far, and has also brought far-reaching influences on Chinese animation in terms of economy and culture.
"The Great Haunting of the Heavenly Palace"
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Must have been overwhelmed
Accompany us to animation works
It's like a star dotted in the vast starry sky
Inspire us to move forward bravely in the dark again
Point out the direction of our dreams
This issue explores
Why do you like animation?