During the years of the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the "Zhumao Red Army" (that is, the Red Fourth Army) on Jinggang Mountain was famous and prestigious, and its power shocked the enemy. Among them, many Red Army generals who were able to fight in battle emerged, the most famous of which were the five military generals who were later known as the "Five Tiger Generals" under Zhu Mao. They were famous military generals in the early days of the Red Fourth Army, famous Red Army generals on Jinggang Mountain, and even more rare generals under Chairman Mao. The five are: Wang Erzhuo, Wu Zhonghao, Lin Biao, Huang Gongluo and Zhang Ziqing.
However, it is extremely regrettable that four out of five people died early! Only Lin Biao survived. War is cruel, and where there is war, there are casualties and sacrifices. During the arduous years of revolutionary war, the Chinese revolution sacrificed countless heroes, sons and daughters, and enthusiastic sons and daughters. But this is especially true during the Red Army period. The five famous generals of the Red Army during the Jinggangshan period had sacrificed four by 1931, leaving only Lin Biao alone. In this article, let's talk about the four heroes who sacrificed.
1. Born on January 23, 1903 in Shimen County, Hunan Province, Wang Erzhuo was one of the early outstanding commanders of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Wang Erzhuo was admitted to the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924 and was a classmate of Xu Shuai. Zhou Enlai, then director of the political department of the Whampoa Military Academy, admired Wang Erzhuo very much and often talked to him to instill revolutionary ideas. In the autumn of that year, under the guidance and cultivation of Zhou Enlai, Wang Erzhuo joined the Communist Party of China. After graduation, Wang Erzhu served as the leader of the second and third student detachments and party representatives. At the beginning of 1925, Wang Erzhu became the commander of the National Revolutionary Army camp and participated in the Second Crusade. In the summer of 1926, Wang Erzhuo participated in the Northern Expedition, serving as the party representative of the Third Division of the Third Army and the commander of the 26th Regiment.
2. Chiang Kai-shek loved Wang Erzhuo's talent and sent people to woo him, xu yi high-ranking official Houlu, but Wang Erzhuo was not moved, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to lay the black hand, Wang Erzhu led some communists to run away overnight, and after arriving in Shanghai, he found his teacher Zhou Enlai and reported the situation to him. In July 1927, Wang Erzhu followed Zhou Enlai to Nanchang and served as the chief of staff of the 74th Regiment of the 25th Division of the Fourth Army, preparing to launch the Nanchang Rebellion. Later, on the way south, the rebel army divided its troops at Sanheba, and Wang Erzhuo stayed behind with Zhu Laozong to cover the transfer of the main force led by Zhou Enlai to the Chaoshan region. After the defeat of the Nanchang Uprising, Wang Erzhuo, together with Zhu Laozong and Chen Yi, led the remnants to fight in the Xianggan, Guangdong and Fujian Border Regions, insisting on guerrilla warfare. The division of troops in Sanheba preserved a revolutionary force for our party, and was also the basis for the later Shonan uprising, and eventually became the main force in the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area.
3. At the beginning of 1928, the division commander Zhu Laozong discovered that Wang Erzhuo was a general, specially promoted him to chief of staff of the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and became the youngest commander of Zhu Laozong's side. Wang Erzhu led his troops to annihilate the enemy Xu Kexiang's two regiments at Yanquan Ruins and Pingshi, and then led his troops to conquer Chenxian, Zixing, Yongxing, and Leiyang. In March, Wang Erzhuo set up an ambush at the Aoshan Temple, annihilated a regiment of the enemy army, and successfully covered the main forces led by Zhu and Chen to go north to Jinggangshan. In April, Wang Er went to Jinggangshan and participated in the creation of the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base Area. After Zhu Mao joined the division, Wang Erzhu became the commander of the 28th Regiment of the Red Fourth Army, becoming one of the leaders of the four main regiments of the Red Fourth Army, and the 28th Regiment was the absolute ace main force of the four regiments. Subsequently, Wang Erzhu assisted Zhu and Mao in their southern expedition to the north, developed and expanded the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area, and successively smashed the enemy's heavy troops to encircle and suppress them, and Wang Erzhuo also became the first general on Jinggangshan. At this time, Lin Biao was still a battalion commander under Wang Erzhuo. The 28th Regiment also received the title of "Flying Soldier 28th Regiment".
4. On May 4, 1928, the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was established, and Wang Erzhuo was appointed chief of staff of the Red Fourth Army and head of the 28th Regiment, and later elected as a member of the Military Commission of the Fourth Red Army and a member of the Xianggan border special committee, becoming the first general in the Jinggangshan base area and the Red Fourth Army. It is also the head of the "Five Tiger Generals" on Jinggang Mountain. On August 25, 1928, Yuan Chongquan, commander of the 28th Battalion of the 28th Regiment, led the troops to defect, and after being interrogated, Wang Erzhuo personally led the guard platoon and the main force of the first battalion to chase after the starry night, and at Sishun Market in Chongyi County, Jiangxi, Wang Erzhuo caught up with the second battalion. At that time, the situation was unclear and dangerous, and Lin Biao ordered his troops to surround Sishun Ruins, and the battle was about to break out. Lin Biao suggested to Wang Erzhu that he should not be kind to the rebels, but should immediately launch an attack and eliminate them. However, Wang Erzhuo vetoed Lin Biao's proposal and did not use force to solve it, but volunteered to go forward to persuade him to surrender. Of course, there is a certain reason for him to do this, Yuan Chongquan is Wang Erzhuo's hometown, a classmate of the Whampoa Military Academy, and even more his confidant and friend. Wang Erzhu felt confident that he could persuade Yuan to turn back. Therefore, Wang Erzhuo only took a few guards to a room in the middle of the village to meet Yuan Chongquan. Who knows, a few people had just walked to the door of the thatched room, and a shuttle of evil bullets was fired from the house, and Wang Er was shot five times in his body and died heroically. Lin Biao was furious and ordered his troops to open fire, and during the melee, Yuan Chongquan and a few of his cronies fled in the chaos, and the remaining troops were partially destroyed, most of them disarmed, and later returned to the ranks of the Red Fourth Army.
5. After Wang Erzhuo's sacrifice, Mr. Zhu sighed with tears: "Our army has lost a capable general!" Chairman Mao spoke highly of Wang Erzhuo: Wang Erzhuo's sacrifice was exchanged for two companies, stabilizing the Red Army and saving the revolution. At Wang Erzhuo's memorial service, Chairman Mao drafted and Chen Yi wrote the elegy: One cry Erzhuo, two cry Erzhuo, Erzhuo is gone now, who will bear the heavy responsibility left? Born as a class, died as a class, how about after class? The winner begins. After liberation, the people's government of Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province, erected a monument for Wang Erzhuo, and General Xiao Ke wrote a tombstone inscription. On September 14, 2009, Wang Erzhuo was named one of the 100 heroic and exemplary figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China.
6. After Wang Erzhuo's sacrifice, Lin Biao took over as the leader of the Red 28 Regiment. At this point, Lin Biao was able to take up the leading position of the Red Army. Of course, Lin Biao was only after Chairman Mao lost Wang Erzhu and Wu Zhonghao, two cadres, that he had the insight to discover Lin Biao. When Chairman Mao promoted Lin Biao, General Manager Zhu still had reservations, and he suggested that Lin Biao be tested, tempered, and observed for a period of time, but the chairman made up his mind and decided to promote Lin Biao to the head of the 28th Regiment. From this point of view, Wang Erzhuo did not sacrifice, and Lin Biao would hardly have a day to emerge. Of course, there may be no future Lin Zong, Lin Shuai and Lin Vice Commander.
1. Wu Zhonghao is a native of Wujia Village, Leiyang, Hunan, born on February 17, 1905, admitted to Peking University at the age of 20, joined the Communist Youth League shortly after school, and became a member of the Communist Party in 1924. After graduating from Peking University with excellent results, he returned to his hometown of Leiyang to establish the first party branch and served as secretary. During the period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the Whampoa Military Academy was established, and Wu Zhonghao was introduced by the party organization and entered the second regiment of the infantry section to study. He is a classmate of Zhang Lingfu and Lin Biao. Wu Zhonghao was quick-witted, active in his thinking, and eloquent, and was a rare talent in the Whampoa Military Academy, while Lin Biao was reticent and not very outstanding in comparison. He Yingqin, chief instructor of the Whampoa Military Academy, was very optimistic about Wu Zhonghao and asked him to become an aide-de-camp after graduation. After graduating from the Whampoa Military Academy, the party organization talked to him and sent him to the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute as a military instructor. The training institute is a specialized school established by our Party for the training of revolutionary cadres. In May 1926, Mao Zedong presided over the sixth study class, and it was at this time that Wu Zhonghao entered the military instructor of the training institute.
2. Unlike other party leaders, Mao Zedong attached great importance to military work, and his precise thesis that "power comes out of the barrel of a gun" germinated very early; Mao Zedong was different, his vision was unique and sharp, he attached great importance to the military, and it was seen very early that without military, everything was empty talk, the party did not control the army, and the revolution could not succeed at all. After Wu Zhonghao came to the training center, he and Mao Zedong met each other and soon became comrades-in-arms and friends who talked about everything. Wu Zhonghao greatly admired Mao Zedong's foresight and foresight, and also admired Mao Zedong's personality charm. And Mao Zedong also liked this little fellow who was 12 years younger than himself, and everyone introduced it, this is a high-achieving student of Peking University! During his work at the training center, Wu Zhonghao and Mao Zedong worked together during the day and slept in the same bed at night, and he learned a lot of revolutionary truths and life philosophies from Mao Zedong. He said to Mao Zedong, "I will follow you in this life!" ”
3. After the completion of the work of the training center, Wu Zhonghao participated in the Northern Expedition and served as a company commander in the 12th Division of the Fourth Army. After the "Ma-Ri Incident" in 1927, Wu Zhonghao went to Wuhan to serve as the commander of the 12th Company of the Guard Regiment of the Headquarters of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and the commander-in-chief was Lu Deming, the commander-in-chief of the autumn harvest uprising. After the outbreak of the Nanchang Uprising, Lu Deming was ordered to lead a guard regiment thousands of miles to participate in the uprising, and by the time they arrived in Nanchang, the rebel troops had already moved south, so Lu Deming led his troops to garrison the Xiushui area of Jiangxi. Later, he received orders to lead his troops to the Xianggan border to participate in the autumn harvest uprising led by Mao Zedong. At this point, the guard regiment, led by the regimental commander Lu Deming, participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and Wu Zhonghao also met Mao Zedong again. At this time, Mao Zedong was already an alternate member of the Fifth Politburo of the Central Committee and secretary of the Former Enemies Committee of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee. As the supreme leader of the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Commissar Mao led and directed the famous Autumn Harvest Rebellion. At this point, Wu Zhonghao returned to the command of Commissar Mao, served as the deputy commander of the Third Regiment and the commander of the Third Battalion, and made many military achievements.
4. The Autumn Harvest Uprising was first won and then defeated, three of the four regiments collapsed in a matter of days, two of the four regiments disappeared (Zhong Guozhang and Wang Xinya), one defected (Qiu Guoxuan), and one later defected (Su Xianjun), and the feelings of confusion and disappointment hung over the hearts of every officer and soldier. After the remnants of the troops were concentrated in Wenjia City on the orders of Committee Member Mao, Member Mao immediately made a decision, rejected the resolution of the central and provincial party committees to ask the rebel army to attack Liuyang and Changsha, and ordered the troops to interrupt the advance to the Luoxiao Mountains, where the enemy's defense was weak. This move was strongly opposed by the majority of the people, especially the division commander Yu Shandu, the deputy division commander Yu Benmin, the third regiment commander Su Xianjun, and others, who strongly opposed the rebel army's going to Jinggangshan, believing that it was a "deserter", a "mountain king" and a "bandit" on the mountain, and a betrayal of the revolution. Among the junior officers, the majority supported Commissar Mao's proposal, and Wu Zhonghao, who was the company commander at the time, was one of them. Of course, there are also Luo Ronghuan (company party representative), Tan Zheng (company secretary), Zhang Zongxun (company commander), Chen Bojun (platoon leader) and so on. After the reorganization of Sanwan, the troops were reduced to a regiment and the branch was built on the company. The posts of division commander and deputy division commander were naturally abolished, and the former committee appointed Chen Hao as the commander of the first regiment of the first division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and Wu Zhonghao continued to serve as the commander of the third battalion. What is less well known is that in the Three Bays reorganization, the debate was extremely fierce, and most people disagreed on whether the troops wanted to advance into Jinggangshan. Yu Shandu even slapped the table with Member Mao, and at the crucial moment, Wu Zhonghao stood up, pulled out his shell gun against Yu Shandu's head, and asked loudly: "Are you directing the front committee or the front committee commanding you?" Fortunately, lu Deming, the commander-in-chief of the rebel army, supported Commissar Mao, and many of the lower-level company commanders and platoon commanders also supported it, and the meeting finally adopted Commissar Mao's plan to march into Jinggangshan.
5. On Jinggang Mountain, Wu Zhonghao's military talents were brought into full play; he was a graduate of Peking University and a graduate of the Whampoa Military Academy, and he was a true general of both culture and martial arts; in all the battles, Wu Zhonghao was brave and resourceful, courageous and resourceful, and courageous, and he was known as "Haozi" affectionately. Wu Zhonghao is known as the first general of Jinggangshan. At the Ninth National Congress of the Fourth Red Army, Wu Zhonghao was elected as a former member of the committee, just like Zhu Laozong, Chen Laozong, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan and Tan Zheng. At the beginning of 1930, the Red 12th Army was established, with Wu Zhonghao as the commander and Tan Zhenlin as the political commissar. In the battle of the three dozen Dragon Rocks, Wu Zhonghao was wise and courageous, courageous and courageous, and three dozen Longyan three great victories. In May 1930, Wu Zhonghao led a guard platoon from Jishui to southwest Jiangxi to mobilize independent regiments from various counties to participate in the campaign against Zhangzhou. When they reached Anfu County, they were suddenly attacked by the local reactionary Jingwei regiment Luo Hangou's troops, and in the case of being outnumbered, Wu Zhonghao covered the retreat of his comrades-in-arms, but he himself died heroically. When Chairman Mao learned of Wu Zhonghao's sacrifice, he looked up at the sky and sighed: "The heavens have damaged my arm!" All the commanders and fighters of the 12th Army wept bitterly. Soon, General Peng led his troops and cooperated with the 12th Army to attack the Jingwei Regiment of Anfu County, captured Luo Hangou, and immediately held a public trial meeting and sentenced Luo Hangou to death. Director Peng lao beheaded, and Tan Zhenlin, the political commissar of the 12th Army, personally cut off Luo Hangou's dog head with a knife, and avenged the blood sea for Wu Zhonghao. Some people always say that Lin Biao is the number one general under Chairman Mao, but in fact, Wu Zhonghao is. After Wu Zhonghao's death, Lin Biao entered Chairman Mao's sight.