After the death of King Wu of Zhou, the young Ji Xuan inherited the throne, and in the case of the beginning of the dynasty and the presence of many strong enemies, it was full of dangers and difficulties for such a young Tianzi. Fortunately, King Wu's arrangement before his death was more appropriate, and he arranged the Zhou Gong and Zhao Gong to assist him in the middle of the dynasty, and there were many gongwei of the Ji clan and the heroes of the Destruction of Merchants outside, so that the throne of King Cheng was much more stable. However, the occurrence of a major event caused a rift in such a solid system, and the Western Zhou Dynasty ushered in the first major test since the founding of the dynasty.
King Cheng and the Duke of Zhou who assisted him
This major event should be familiar to everyone, it was the "Three Prisons Rebellion" that occurred when King Chengwang first succeeded to the throne, and history also called it the "Guan Cai Rebellion" or the "Wu Geng Rebellion". Moreover, as soon as you see the titles of "Three Prisons" and "Guan Cai", you may still be able to remember the foreshadowing that the author has deliberately left many times before, and today is to lift this veil to see what is going on in this rebellion.
Before talking about this rebellion, we must first clarify a concept, which is what the "three prisons" are. Speaking of the "three prisons", history has been arguing endlessly about this, and the main focus of the debate is which is the three prisons between Wu Geng and Huo Shu. What exactly is recorded in the history books, and how do scholars argue? I will explain this to you.
The "Three Prisons Rebellion" diagram is very interesting on the Internet
First of all, let's take a look at the historical books that do not support Wu Geng's appointment as the Third Prisoner: "Shangshu Dachuan, Volume III" mentions: "Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai supervised Lu's father, and King Wu died... Lu Father and the Three Prisons rebel", although there is no mention of who the Third Prison is, it can be seen that Father Lu is not one of the Three Prisons (Father Lu is Wu Geng). The Yi zhou shu Zuo Luo even clearly states: "King Ke Yin of Wu, Prince Lu of Naili, Father Of Lu Shou Shang,......, Jianguan Shu Yu Dong, Jian Cai Shu, Huo Shu Yu Yin, Supervisor Yin Chen", here Huo Shu is included in the Three Prisons instead of Wu Geng. The "Century of Emperors" records: "Since the yin capital is the east as the guard, guan shu jianzhi; the west of the yin capital is the yin, cai shu jianzhi; the north of the yin capital is Shao, and huo shujian is for the three prisons", here not only guan, Cai, and Huo are listed as the three prisons, but also explain their locations one by one, which seems very credible.
Let's look at the historical books that support Wu Geng as the Three Prisons: "The Book of Han and geography" mentions: "The old capital of Hanoi Ben Yin, Zhou Jie destroyed Yin, divided his Qi Nei as the Three Kingdoms,......, Shao to seal Wu Geng, Shu Yin Zhi, Wei Cai Shu Yin Zhi, lin Yin min, called the Three Prisons", it can be seen that Ban Gu believes that there is no Huo Uncle in the Three Prisons, but Wu Geng is among them. There is also the "Shangshu Commentary, Volume XII", which reads: "Wu WangBang, the Three Prisons and the Huaiyi Rebellion, the Three Prisons: Guan, Cai, and Shang, and the Huaiyi: Xu and Xiangzhi, all rebelled against Zhou", which can be seen that the same interpretation of the Book of Shang, Kong Anguo believes that the three prisons include Wu Geng, a descendant of the Shang.
The Three Prisons considered in the Shang Shu Commentary
In addition, in addition to the above two sides holding their own opinions, Tai Shi Gong also expressed his own unique view in the "History of History". This is why he believes that King Wu did not set up any so-called "three prisons", but only arranged for Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai to manage the people of Yin land together at Wu Geng's side, the original text was "to make his brother Guan Shuxian and Cai Shudu Xianglu father rule Yin". It can be seen that the word "phase" does not even have the meaning of surveillance.
In terms of these three points of view, the author believes that the setting of the "three prisons" still exists, and believes that the three prisons include Uncle Guan, Uncle Cai and Wu Geng. However, I do not fully agree with the "Book of Han" and other statements, believing that the "Three Prisons" are to monitor the people of Yindi, and the author believes that the "Three Prisons" exist in a 2+1 model. The supervisor of Wu Geng is to supervise the people of YinDu's homeland and play a pacifying role; while the supervisor of Guan and Cai is to monitor Wu Geng and assist in appeasing and managing the people of Yin Capital. Therefore, Sima Gong would have guan and Cai Xianglu's father, because the two did have the task of assisting Wu Geng.
As for why the author does not think that Uncle Huo is also the Third Prison, there are the following reasons: First, many historical books that do not consider Wu Geng to be the Third Prison do not explicitly recognize Uncle Huo as the Third Prison (such as the aforementioned "Shang Shu Biography"). Second, Uncle Huo's fiefdom was relatively certain to be in Huozhou, Shanxi, which was not only different from the location of Shao prefecture north of Yin Shang's former land recorded in the history books, but also farther away from Yin Capital than Guan and Cai, and could not play a monitoring role at all. Third, compared with the two clear "three prisons" of Guan and Cai, Uncle Huo's punishment is really too light. If Uncle Huo was also the "Three Prisons", even if he did not directly rebel, as long as he did not explicitly stand on the side of the imperial court to resist the rebels, this joint responsibility and poor supervision would be enough for him to be eliminated, how could he not be moved from his original fiefdom and be able to restore his identity after three years?
Uncle Huo's portrait
According to Yi Xia, Uncle Huo is probably not the "Three Prisons", so the rebellion of Guan Cai and Wu Geng is not directly related to him. What he committed was to spread rumors, and when the rebels confronted the imperial court, they did not send troops to support the imperial court, and even deliberately let the rebels pass through their fiefdoms without stopping them. Therefore, after Uncle Huo's unstable stance caused the culprit to be severely punished, he was also punished a little. It is also likely that it is precisely because Uncle Huo was punished at the same time after the "Three Prisons Rebellion" that many scholars have classified him into the "Three Prisons".
In summary, the author believes that the participants in the "Three Prisons Rebellion" are Guan Uncle, Uncle Cai and Wu Geng, who are the "Three Prisons", and the initiator is Guan Uncle, who is the third oldest in the family. Because after the death of King Wu, Uncle Guan was the oldest among many brothers, but he was not entrusted by King Wu, on the contrary, the fourth brother Ji Dan became the leader of the dynasty, and even replaced The regent of King Cheng. This jealousy gradually turned into a fire of anger, so he conspired with Uncle Cai and Wu Geng to rebel. Uncle Cai supported Uncle Guan because he did not want Zhou Gong to cover the sky with his hands, and he also wanted to take power. Wu Geng's support for Guan Shu was inevitable that the merchants would take the opportunity to restore their political power.
Uncle Guan is rarely like
After a tripartite consultation, Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai spread rumors, causing the Ji clan to be dissatisfied with the Duke of Zhou, while Wu Geng instigated the old forces of Yin Shang, Xu and Xiang, and others to join the rebel army. A vigorous rebellion was about to begin, and uncle Guan and Uncle Cai, because of their desire for power and jealousy, betrayed the trust of King Wu in letting them monitor the old forces of Yin Shang, but instead started a disturbance with the Yin people, which was really sad and regrettable. Since the three prisons had already attacked, how would the Duke of Zhou, as the representative of the imperial court, respond? Let's go here today, and we'll talk about it next time.
【A Brief History of Keyword Cloud Map】
In order to facilitate the majority of history enthusiasts to quickly recall the relevant historical content, the author "Idle Spring and Autumn" will present a "brief history of keyword cloud maps" at the end of each article, through 8-12 keywords, to help everyone recall the content of the article, I hope that you readers like.
The keywords of this article: Guan Cai's rebellion, what is the Three Prisons, three theories, support for Cai Shang, no Huo reason, Huo Uncle's fault, jealousy, Guan Cai Shang conspiracy, failure to fail King Wu, rebellion against the imperial court.
A brief history of keyword cloud maps