In the long history of China's 5,000 years, there are countless stories. They are the accumulation of civilization, the essence of Chinese, the crystallization of wisdom, and the treasure of brilliant culture. Behind an allusion, it is often the Chinese nation's yearning for a better life or a turbulent and magnificent history. Here is a collection of historical stories to share with you.
I. See the Sun, Not Chang'an (Emperor Ming of Jin)
It's a very sad story.
In the last year of the Western Jin Dynasty, the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings". Sima Rui used Wang's strategy to take the initiative to apply for a garrison in Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu) and developed to the south.
In 316 AD, the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by the "Former Zhao" regime established by the Xiongnu. The Central Plains fell into the hands of the Hu people, and the great rivers and mountains of Chang'an Luoyang and Northern China fell into fishy ruin and were ravaged by the Wuhu, which is an unforgettable painful history in the history of the Chinese nation, "Wuhu Chaohua". In 318, Sima Rui took the throne at Jiankang (present-day Nanjing), known historically as the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The Eastern Jin Dynasty entered a period of more than 20 years of "kings and horses, sharing the world". The Eastern Jin Dynasty is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huai River and pearl river basins. It coexisted with the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms in the north, and was historically known as the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
When Emperor Ming of Jin (Sima Shao) was a few years old, he once sat on the lap of Emperor Yuan (Sima Rui). At that time, someone came from Chang'an, and Emperor Yuan asked about the situation in Luoyang, and he did not feel sad and weeping. When Emperor Ming asked his father what caused him to cry, Emperor Yuan told him the story of the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty and the eastern crossing of the royal family. So he asked Emperor Ming, "Do you see chang'an compared to the sun, which is farther away?" Emperor Ming replied, "The sun is far away." I had never heard of anyone coming from the side of the sun, obviously. Emperor Yuan was surprised by his answer. The next day, after gathering a group of courtiers to feast and drink, he told everyone what Emperor Ming meant, and asked him again, but Emperor Ming replied, "The sun is near." Emperor Yuan was stunned and asked him, "Why are you different from what you said yesterday?" Emperor Ming replied, "Now when you look up, you can see the sun, but you can't see Chang'an."
When Emperor Yuan of Jin and the ministers of Nandu heard Sima Shao's answer, they could not help but burst into tears and cover their sleeves with long tears.
Hundreds of years later, when Li Bai ascended the Jinling Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing, he remembered the past and the present, and wrote:
Phoenix on the phoenix stage phoenix tour, phoenix to the Taikong River self-flow.
WuGong flowers and grass buried in the path, the Jin Dynasty crown into an ancient hill.
Three mountains and half of the blue sky, two waters divided into egret islands.
There are always floating clouds that can cover the sun, and Chang'an is not seen to make people sad.
Second, why is Willow surnamed Yang? (Sui Dynasty Emperor)
After the Sui Dynasty Emperor repaired the Grand Canal, he took the Wenwu courtiers and palace women to ride on dragon boats and building boats, and inspected the three rivers. The Sui Emperor looked up and saw a group of cloudy men on the embankment pulling the rope, and immediately lost interest. The official in charge of the shipping saw that Long Yan was displeased, and quickly gathered tens of thousands of young women along the banks of the river, in groups of five, ten people in a row, twisting them into brocade cables with colored satin. The Sui Emperor saw Long Yan Dayue. During the trip, the sun was scorching, the weather was hot, and the woman who pulled the fiber was sweating and sweating. Although the Sui Emperor was very cruel, he cared for beautiful women. So he gathered the courtiers and asked them to come up with a way to shade the beautiful women. A minister named Yu Shiji proposed that more willow trees could be planted on the embankment, one willow tree could shade the sun; two willow leaves could feed livestock; and three roots could be bermed. The Sui Emperor was very happy to hear this, so he ordered the people along the river to plant willow trees on the riverbank in pieces. The holy will was difficult to violate, and the people had to uproot all their willow trees and carry the soil to the river to plant them, and in just a few days, the willows on both sides of the Thousand Mile Canal were weeping and the green shade was lush.
The Sui Dynasty Emperor was overjoyed, rewarded Yu Shiji, and sent people to hang green silk all over the willow tree, wrote a big word "Yang", and gave the willow tree the surname of the country. Since then, the willow tree has been called "willow".
III. Jinwu Zangjiao (Emperor Wu of Han)
Liu Che was the child of Wang Mei, the favorite concubine of the Han Jing Emperor, the young Liu Che was smart and studious, and his mother Wang Meiren was favored by the Han Jing Emperor alone, and Liu Che was named the King of Jiaodong at a very young age. Liu Che's cousin Chen Ajiao was the daughter of The Eldest Princess, the younger sister of the Han Jing Emperor, and was loved by thousands of people. The eldest princess thought that her beautiful daughter should be promised to be a prince. However, the crown prince's mother, Li Ji, objected, and from then on, the eldest princess and Li Ji became enemies of life and death.
Just as the eldest princess was resentful of Li Ji's arrogance, Liu Che's mother, Wang Meiren, proposed to the eldest princess that she intended to marry the eldest princess. The eldest princess hugged Xiao Liu Yan (Liu Che) and asked, "Will You want to please your daughter-in-law when she grows up?" Xiao Liu Yan said, "Yes." The eldest princess then pointed to more than a hundred maids on the left and right and asked Liu Che which one she wanted, and Xiao Liu Yan said no. Finally, the eldest princess pointed to her daughter Chen Ajiao and asked, "Is Ah Jiao okay?" Liu Che, who was still a child, said, "If you have to be a woman, store it as a golden house." The eldest princess was very happy, and asked Emperor Jing several times, and finally decided on this family affair. Later, with the efforts of the eldest princess and Wang Meiren, Liu Che inherited the throne and established Ah Jiao as his queen.
However, after becoming an adult, Liu Che and Chen Ajiao did not have such a good relationship, and Chen Ajiao did not give birth to a child for Liu Che from beginning to end. After the gentle and beautiful Wei Zifu entered the palace, Liu Che rarely came to Chen Ajiao's palace. In order to vent her dissatisfaction, Chen Ajiao resorted to various means and also sent someone to kidnap Wei Zifu's younger brother Wei Qing. After Liu Che knew about it, he promoted Wei Qing and rewarded Wei Zifu and those who were related to Wei Zifu. Chen Ajiao has since been completely snubbed.
Kanaya Zojiao was originally a love story of green plum bamboo horses, but in the end it ended in tragedy.
IV. The Vengeance of one arrow (Duke Huan of Qi)
In 697 BC, Duke Xiang of Qi ascended the throne and made Guan Zhong the teacher of the eldest prince, Bao Shuya, and the teacher of the second prince Xiao Bai. In the 12th year of the Duke of Qi, civil unrest broke out in the State of Qi, Guan Zhong fled to the State of Lu with Him, and Bao Shuya fled with Xiao Bai to the State of Ju.
Later, Duke Xiang of Qi was assassinated, and the State of Qi was in chaos, and Gui and Xiao Bai rushed back to the State of Qi in order to inherit the throne. In order to prevent the second son Xiao Bai from returning to the throne, Guan Zhong used the Lu army to ambush him on the way to intercept it.
When the two sides fought fiercely, Guan Zhong shot an arrow at Xiao Bai, and the arrow happened to hit the copper hook of the belt, and Bao Shuya made Xiao Bai immediately lie down on his back and pretend to be dead, and drove Xiao Bai to the qi country. When he arrived at Linzi City, Bao Shuya advanced into the city to persuade the doctors, and then welcomed his second son Xiao Bai into the city to take the throne, which was the Duke of Qi Huan.
As a result, there was a war between Qi and Lu. The Lu army was defeated, so he had to agree to the conditions of the State of Qi, forced the prince to death, and arrested Guan Zhong again. The emissaries of the State of Qi state stated that the Duke of Qi Huan wanted to avenge Guan Zhong's arrow, and tied Guan Zhong up and escorted him from the State of Lu to the State of Qi.
After Guan Zhong was escorted to the capital of the State of Qi, Bao Shuya personally went to greet him and recommended Guan Zhong. The Duke of Qi Huan, who attached great importance to the society, did not take revenge with an arrow, but reused Guan Zhong as Xiang Guo, honored him as "Father Zhong", and fully presided over the affairs of the State of Qi.
With the assistance of Guan Zhong, Bao Shuya and others, the Duke of Qi Huan finally "nine princes, one Kuang tianxia", and founded the great cause of the Spring and Autumn Dynasty.
V. Retreat (Jin Wengong)
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Xian of Jin favored his favorite concubine Li Ji. Li Ji wanted to make her son Xi Qi the crown prince, so she framed crown prince Shensheng and Gongzi Zhong'er and Yiwu. Jin Xiangong listened to the rumors and forced Shen Sheng to die, and When Zhong'er and Yiwu heard the news, they fled the country one after another.
Twelve years later, Duke Xiangong of Jin died, and the crown prince Xi Qi was also killed by his subordinates. Yiwu, who fled the Liang kingdom, returned to China and succeeded him as the monarch, that is, the Duke Hui of Jin. The Duke hui of Jin was afraid that Zhong'er would return to seize his throne, so he sent people to the Kingdom of Di to assassinate Zhong'er. Zhong'er had no choice but to flee to the State of Qi, and after thousands of hardships, came to the State of Chu. King Cheng of Chu greeted him with the courtesy of the people of the country and treated him as a guest.
One day, the king of Chu set up a banquet to entertain Zhong'er, and the king of Chu asked, "If you return to the Jin kingdom one day to become the monarch, how will you repay me?" Zhong'er replied, "If I can really return to china to take office, I am willing to be friendly with your country." If one day, there is a war between Jin and Chu, I will definitely order the army to retreat first (one house is equal to thirty miles), and if I cannot get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. ”
Four years later, Zhong'er really returned to the Jin Dynasty to become the monarch, that is, the famous Jin Wengong in history. The Jin state grew stronger under his rule.
In 633 BC, the armies of the Chu and Jin states met during battle. Duke Wen of Jin fulfilled his promise and ordered his army to retreat and garrison Chengpu. When the Chu army saw the Jin army retreating, it thought that the Jin army did not dare to fight, and chased it all the way to chengpu city. In the end, the Jin army waited for work, broke the Chu army, and won the victory in the Battle of Chengpu.
VI. A Promise of Thousands of Gold (Jibu)
In the last year of the Qin Dynasty, there was a man named Ji Bu in Chudi, who had a straight temperament and was chivalrous and helpful. As long as he promised, no matter how difficult it was, he managed to do it. Chu Di said, "It is better to get a thousand taels of gold than to get Jibu Yinuo."
When the Chu and Han dynasties fought, Ji Bu was a subordinate of Xiang Yu and offered advice many times, causing Liu Bang's army to suffer many defeats. After Liu Bang became emperor, he ordered the arrest of Ji Bu. He also announced: Whoever captures Jibu is like a golden thousand and two, and those who hide him will destroy the three tribes. Those who admired Jibu as a human being secretly helped him.
At first, Ji Bu hid in his friend's house, and after a while, the wind of arresting him became even tighter, and his friend disguised him as a slave and sold him to the Zhu family in luguo as a laborer.
The Zhu family knew that he was Ji Bu and still took him in. Later, the Zhu family went to Luoyang to find Liu Bang's old friend Ruyin waiting for Xiahou Bao to intercede
。 Liu Bang, under the persuasion of Xiahou Bao, revoked the arrest of Ji Bu and made Ji Bu a Langzhong, and soon changed to Hedong Taishou.
Jibu did his best to serve the Han Dynasty. After entering the court, Ji Bu still maintained an upright disposition, and he even bluntly pointed out the mistakes of Lü Hou and Fan Duo, which became a beautiful talk. In the time of doing Hedong too punctual, the people of Hedong County lived and worked in peace and contentment, and lived happily. Sima Qian, in the "History of Jibu Luan Bu Lie", is full of respect for Ji Bu.
VII. Strange Goods Can Be Lived (Lü Buwei)
Lü Buwei was the 23rd grandson of Jiang Ziya. It is the compilation of the famous "Lü Shi Chunqiu". Throughout the entire history of ancient China, Lü Buwei can be regarded as a strange person. Lü Buwei was a business wizard in his early years, and there was no business in the world where he could not make money.
During the Warring States period, Lü Buwei went to handan, the capital of the Zhao Kingdom, to do business. By chance, he found a young man of extraordinary temperament on the road. This young man was the grandson of King Qin Zhao, the son of Prince An Guojun, yiren, who was taking hostage in the Zhao kingdom.
At that time, wars often broke out between Qin and Zhao, so Zhao Guo was very unhappy to see strangers, who were very poor in Zhao Guo, and even did not have clothes to withstand the cold weather. Lü Buwei immediately thought that investing in the inhuman would be exchanged for incalculable profits. He couldn't help but say to himself, "This strange thing can also be inhabited." "It means to store the inhumans as rare objects, wait for the opportunity, and sell them for a big price."
Lü Buwei took out a large amount of money to buy the Zhao officials who monitored the infidels, and got acquainted with the infidels. He said to the yiren, "I want to find a way to let the Qin kingdom redeem you and then make you the crown prince, so that you will be the future monarch of the Qin state." What do you think? The stranger was surprised and delighted: "If there is a day, I will definitely repay you heavily." ”
An Guojun had more than twenty sons, but his favorite Lady Huayang had no sons. Lü Buwei personally went to the Qin Kingdom to meet Lady Huayang's sister and brother, and through them he met Lady Huayang. Lü Buwei praised the talents of the Yiren in front of Lady Huayang and persuaded Lady Huayang to adopt Yiren as an heir. In the end, Lady Huayang successfully persuaded An Guojun, who carved a jade charm for Lady Huayang and agreed to make a stranger the heir.
In 257 BC, King Zhaoxiang of Qin sent troops to attack the capital of the Zhao state, Handan, and in retaliation, King Xiaocheng of Zhao wanted to kill the Yiren. Lü Buwei bribed the officials who guarded the city to help the yiren escape from the Zhao state and return to the qin state. After the death of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, An Guojun succeeded to the throne, that is, King Xiaowen of Qin, and Yiren was made crown prince. King Xiaowen of Qin died three days on the throne, and was succeeded by another person, that is, King Xiang of Qinzhuang.
After King Xiang of Qin zhuang ascended the throne, Lü Buwei was made the chancellor of the Qin state. This declared Lü Buwei's investment successful. After the death of King Zhuang Xiang, his crown prince took the throne, which was the King of Qin, the later Qin Shi Huang.
VIII. The Crowning of the Central Plains (King Zhuang of Chu)
Jiuding is synonymous with China, a symbol of the supremacy of royal power and the unity and prosperity of the country. The three dynasties of the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty and the Zhou Dynasty are regarded as the heirlooms of state power. During the Warring States period, both Qin and Chu had to go to the Zhou king's city of Luoyi to seek ding. During the reign of King Zhou Xian, Jiuding was under the waters of Surabaya.
In ancient times, Surabaya was one of the nine waters of Yuzhi. According to ancient historical records, most of the activities or places of birth of Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi, Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Tao, and Dayu were in qufu and Surabaya.
The Xia Dynasty arrived in 1600 BC, because Xia Jie had no way to destroy the country, Jiuding was obtained by Chengtang, and Chengtang established the Shang Dynasty. From the Shang Dynasty to 1046 BC, the King of Sui tyrannically destroyed the country, and Jiuding established the Zhou Dynasty for Ji Fa, the king of Zhou Wu.
In 606 BC, King Zhuang of Chu took the opportunity of cutting down Lu Hun to drive the Chu army to the southern outskirts of Luoyang, the capital of Eastern Zhou, to hold a grand military parade. The king of Zhou Ding, who had recently succeeded to the throne, sent his grand master Wang Sun Man to comfort him, and the king of Chuzhuang took the opportunity to inquire about the size and weight of Jiuding.
Wang Sunman said: "Ruling the world cares about virtue and does not care about Ding." "Chu Jun, don't forget, at the beginning, Xia Yu was because of virtue, and all the princes in the world supported him, and only then did all the places contribute copper, and Qi could cast the Nine Dings to resemble all things." Later, Xia Jie fainted, and Ding was transferred to Shang; Shang was tyrannical, and Ding was transferred to Zhou. If the Son of Heaven has virtue, the Ding is small but too heavy to be transferred; if the Son of Heaven has no virtue, the Ding is large but easy to move. The national fortunes of the Zhou Dynasty were not yet complete, and the weight of Ding could not be asked. King Chu Zhuang had nothing to say.
King Zhuang no longer demanded, and sent his master to attack Zheng to ask Zheng about the crime of betraying the Chu state and defecting to the Jin state.
Since then, people have called attempts to seize power "win the top.".