Fish can't do without water. This sentence shows that fish spend their entire lives in the water, so swimming in the water is the instinct of the fish. However, in addition to swimming in the water, some fish can also "fly" in the air, such as flying fish; some can also jump on the beach, such as mudskippers. These fish can "fly" and jump, and only have two skills, but leopard bream have three skills: climbing, swimming and flying, and it can be said that they have the ability of "sea, land and air" three-dimensional movement.
Climbing flying triathlon fish
- Leopard bream
The 3 fins of the pectoral fin of the leopard bream are independent and can move freely. With the help of these 3 fins, they crawl freely on the vast seabed. At the same time, these independent fins are also the tactile organs of leopard bream, allowing them to perceive the environment around the seabed. Due to the special function of these 3 independent fins, the muscles that drive these fins are particularly developed. This is the result of natural selection and natural selection - the use of organs is wasted.
Leopard bream
When the leopard bream crawls from the bottom of the sea to swim in the water, the pectoral fin and the three independent fins in front of the fin will be folded close to the side of the body to reduce the resistance in the water. When the leopard bream reaches its climax, it rushes out of the water at a very fast speed, and then unfolds its "wings", the pectoral fins, and flies in the air. In fact, the "flight" of leopard bream and the "flight" of flying fish are not really flapping wings, but only rely on the action of wind to glide.
Fish that can climb trees
The main respiratory organ of fish living in the water is the gills. The fish leave the water, the gills dry, bond to each other, stop breathing, and life stops. However, along the coast of our country, there is a mudskipper that can adapt to amphibious life.
The body of the mudskipper is about 10 cm long, slightly flattened, and the eyes are above the head, resembling frog eyes, and the field of vision is wide. The gill cavity of mudskippers is large, and the gill cover is sealed, which can store a lot of air. The epidermis of the lumen is covered with a network of blood vessels and plays a respiratory role. Its skin is also covered with blood vessels, and the blood can exchange gas directly with the air through the extremely thin skin. In addition to its role as a fin in water, its caudal fin is also an auxiliary respiratory organ. These unique physiological phenomena allow them to leave the water and live in the air for a longer period of time. In addition, the left and right ventral fins of the mudskipper merge into a suction cup that can be adsorbed to other objects; the developed pectoral fin is arm-shaped, much like the appendages of higher animals. When confronted with predators, they move faster than people walk. Mudskippers, which live in the tropics, often jump around the beach at low tide to catch food, preferring to climb to the roots of mangroves to catch insects to eat. For this reason, people call it "a fish that can climb trees".
Mudskippers
Sounding fish
The average person thinks that fish are all dumb. Obviously, this is not right. Many fish make all sorts of amazing sounds. For example, the Kangi carp will make a "barking" sound; the electric catfish will call
Like cat fury; box bream can make a dog bark; bream sometimes bark like a pig, sometimes like a groan, sometimes like a snoring; the seahorse makes a monotonic sound like a drum. Totoaba is known for its good barking, with sounds such as rolling, drumming, bee-finches flying, cat calls and whistles, and their calls are particularly common during reproduction for the purpose of flocking.
Most of the sounds made by fish are caused by bone friction, fish maw contraction, and some make various sounds such as breathing or exhaust. Experienced fishermen can judge the size of the population based on the sound made by the fish, so that they can catch fish under the net.
Clownfish and anemones
In the coral reefs of the South China Sea and the world's tropical oceans, there is a small fish with a bright body color, and their body surface has a bright scarlet and snow-white color band, which is clear and beautiful, and it is very eye-catching. This small fish is called "double sawfish", commonly known as "clownfish".
Image from I Love Marine Life Coral.
Clownfish often live with large anemones and become a typical example of symbiosis of marine animals.
In general, any animal that touches an anemone will be anesthetized or killed by poisonous spines in the spiny cells on the petal-like tentacles of the anemone. However, the clownfish is the exception. Not only can they move around the anemone, but they can also move back and forth between the anemone's tentacles without fear. Clownfish with bright and dazzling body colors will cause many ferocious carnivorous fish to chase. At this time, they fled to hide between the tentacles of the anemone to avoid being preyed upon by the enemy. The ferocious fish that approached the anemone tentacles were anesthetized by the spiny wires shot out by the anemone tentacles, and became a beautiful meal for the anemones.
On the other hand, clownfish move around and between the anemones, which enhances the flow of water around the anemones and allows the anemones to obtain sufficient oxygen.
If people take the anemone away, the clownfish will be eaten by other fish. The anemone protects the clownfish, which brings food and plenty of oxygen to the anemone. This pair of mutually beneficial partners is truly a unique arrangement of nature.
Animals with feet born on the head – cephalopods
Cephalopods are a comprehensive term for many animals, including more than 400 living molluscs, such as squid, softfish, grubs, shipworms and, less commonly, nautiluses. As the name suggests, cephalopods are a group of mollusks that live on their heads.
The Nautilus is the oldest of the surviving cephalopods, and the ancient ocean was once their domain. In the long evolutionary process of hundreds of millions of years, the Nautilus was very conservative and stagnant, still maintaining the appearance of its ancient ancestors to survive to this day. As a result, they are recorded in the annals of zoology as "living fossils".
Cephalopods are widely distributed in the world's oceans, from shallow seas to 3500 meters deep sea, surface, middle, bottom and even the seabed, cold, tropical and temperate oceans, they are everywhere.
Nautilus is 100 meters to the left
On the right, the shallow sea crawls on the bottom, while the octopus sneaks in the underwater caves, crevices or stones, and can use the "eight feet" born on the head to tightly wrap the shrimp and crab with a hard shell and then eat it. Squid and soft fish can use the "funnel" in the abdomen to swim quickly with the recoil force obtained by spraying water, so it is called "submarine rocket". They swim fast to hunt down food and escape predators. The king squid, which lives in the deep sea, has a body length of about 18 meters and a weight of about 30 tons. One of their "legs" is about 25 centimeters in diameter, as thick as a telephone pole, and there are hundreds of suction cups on the "legs", the largest of which is the size of a plate for vegetables.
nautilus
The king squid is not only the "boss" of cephalopods, but also the largest of all invertebrates. They dare to fight the biggest toothed whale, the sperm whale!
King Squid
Screen squid
Microfin squid
Ship slugs
The "dwarf" in the squid family is a squid that can glow on the seabed, only 5 centimeters long. Although the squid is small, it is not the youngest member of the family. The smallest squid is the microfin squid, which is only 1.5 cm long, the size of a small peanut rice, and weighs only 0.l grams. Microfin squid have suction cups on their backs, which they use to attach their bodies to seaweed to rest. Not only are ship slugs strangely shaped, but also very different from male and female individuals. : Male individuals are very small and attached to female bodies, often mistaking them for parasites on females.
Source: China Science Expo