Let's start with a little story.
Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang heard that there was a Zheng Qian in Pujiang, ten generations of the same church, and the family was harmonious, so he specially summoned Zheng Qian to the capital and rewarded him.
After Empress Ma found out, she sent a message to Ming Taizu: "Your Majesty was still able to win the world by one person; if zheng qian's family has more than a thousand people, if it is too easy!" After hearing this, Ming Taizu was shocked in his heart, and he hurriedly summoned Zheng Qian again and asked him, "Do you have any way to govern the family?" Zheng Qian replied, "Nothing else, just don't listen to your wife." ”
Taizu listened to the laughter, stopped pursuing, and let him go home with peace of mind. Ming Taizu believed that his success was inseparable from his wife's assistance; since Zheng Qian never listened to his wife's words, he decided that he could not become a big climate.
A short story that deduces the characteristics of Ma surname as a cautious, thoughtful, and forward-looking person.
Dead vines and old tree crows,
Small bridges and flowing water people,
Ancient road west wind skinny horse.
Sunset
The broken intestines are at the end of the world.
This little song is a big name in history. Ma Zhiyuan, a famous opera writer and composer of the Yuan Dynasty, was revered by posterity as the ancestor of Qiu Si because of his poem "Tianjing Sha QiuSi".
The Ma surname is greatly related to the Zhao surname, and the famous figure zhao hao of the Zhao surname is revered by the Ma surname as the ancestor of the surname.
Originally, during the Warring States period, the general Zhao Hou defeated the Qin army, and King Huiwen of Zhao divided the mafu land among the zhao luxuries and gave him the title of "Mafu Jun".
Among Zhao Hao's descendants, there were those with the surname of "Mafu", called Mafu, which was later simplified to a single surname ma, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
The ancestor of the Ma surname is a famous general, and the Ma surname of the future generation is also a famous general. The most famous of these is the famous military figure from the end of the Western Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the famous founding general of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Yuan.
General Ma Yuan believed that the boy should die on the battlefield of the frontier wilderness, not using a coffin to collect the body, but only wrapping the body in the leather of the horse and burying it. Ma Yuan, who was wrapped in the body of Ma Ge, eventually fell ill and died in the army.
Historical horse names will also include:
Assisted Liu Xiu in establishing Ma Wu, one of the "Twenty-Eight Generals of Yuntai" of the Eastern Han Dynasty,
During the Three Kingdoms period, ma chao, a famous general of the Shu Han Dynasty, and his cousin Ma Dai,
Ma Kuo, the leader of the anti-Jin rebels in the early Southern Song Dynasty,
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Ma Qi, a general who united ethnic minorities against the Yuan in Guangxi,
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the general soldier of Shanhaiguan in Liaodong,
Ma Yukun, a famous general of the late Qing Dynasty who fought against Tsarist Russia, fought bloody Japanese troops and resisted the invasion of the Eight-Power Alliance,
Ma Weiqi, a Hui general of the late Qing Dynasty who performed heroic performance in the Sino-French War, and so on.
The shroud of Magge is an idiom left by the surname Ma to future generations. In addition, there are also famous idioms about ma surnames such as Ma Hou Da Lian, Ma Yuan Coix, Ma Liang White Eyebrow, And Lu Ma Foot.
Empress Mingdema of the Han Dynasty, the lord of the harem, lived a very simple life, and the robes she wore were sparse and rough Da Lian (大帛). Therefore, "Ma Hou Da Lian" was used as an allusion to the frugality of the queen concubines.
Fu bo general Ma Yuan went out to jiao, because he realized that barley could remove miasma, so he carried a cart as a seed when he returned to the army. Some people wrote false accusations that Ma Yuan's returns from the south were all pearl treasures. Therefore, later generations were falsely accused of being wronged by Ma Yuan, Fu Bo Coix, Coix Offinder, and Coix Pearl.
The five Ma Liang brothers of the Han Dynasty were all very talented, led by Ma Liang, who had white hair on his eyebrows. Later generations praised the best of the brothers with white eyebrows, white eyebrows, etc., or generally referred to people with outstanding talents.
The dew horse's foot comes from a small story.
Empress Ma of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, had a pair of untangled big feet, known as "Ma Big Feet". Once, Empress Ma took a sedan to visit the streets of Jinling. Suddenly, a strong wind blew and lifted the curtain to a corner, and the two big feet of the queen of the horse resting on the pedal were exposed in broad daylight. She hurriedly retracted her feet, but people could already see it clearly!
This new thing caused a sensation throughout the capital. Because it is the exposed feet of the horse surnamed Ma, the term "exposed horse's feet" has been passed down to this day. Nowadays, the exposure of disgraceful things that are inconvenient to disclose is called "exposing the horse's feet."
The surname Ma is one of the largest surnames among the Hui people, which is related to the transliteration of the name of Muhammad, the founder of Islam, because Ma is consonant with Mu.
The Hui ma surname has made outstanding achievements in history and has made great contributions to Chinese civilization.
Ma Yize, from the Rumu state of the Western Regions, was a Islamic astrologist who was admitted to China at the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty. He stayed in China with his sons Ma Er and Ma Huai, introduced the weekly system and the Chinese zodiac signs, and used astrology for military purposes.
Ma Zhu, a famous scholar of Islam in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was one of the pioneers of the translation of Islam in Chinese, and wrote "The Power of Subjects" and "Guide to Halal".
Ma Fuchu, an Islamic scholar of the Qing Dynasty, participated in leading the Hui people's revolt in southeastern Yunnan, and later acted as the governor of Yungui, and was the head of the Hui sect in southern Yunnan, and his translation of the Baoming Zhenjing is one of the earliest Chinese translations of the Qur'an.
The most well-known Hui ma surname is Ma Huan. Ma Huan was a Navigator of the Ming Dynasty, who participated as a translator in the 4th, 6th and 7th of Zheng He's 7 voyages to the West, and his book "Yingya Shengguan" is a first-hand study of Zheng He's voyage to the West and the history of Chinese and foreign transportation in the Ming Dynasty. Named after him, Mahuan Island is one of China's Nansha Islands, part of Sansha City, Hainan Province, and is currently occupied by the Philippines.
Do you remember the story of Mr. Dongguo and the wolf? When the wolf encounters danger, he will pretend to be weak and pitiful, in order to confuse those who are confused, to seek his protection, to save himself. As soon as the danger passed, it immediately revealed its cannibalistic nature, and even the life-saving benefactor refused to let it go. But Mr. Dongguo did not understand this, and he showed pity for the wolf, who also "loved" and expressed pity, and these weaknesses were just exploited by the wolf, and they were almost eaten by the wolf.
"The Legend of the Wolf of Zhongshan" is a fable created by the Ming Dynasty writer Ma Zhongxi based on ancient legends, and is a classic with a high degree of ideological and artistic integration, which still has enlightening significance.
When we learn Chinese grammar, we will learn what nouns, pronouns, verbs, etc. are. The founder of Chinese grammar was Ma Jianzhong, a linguist in the late Qing Dynasty. His ma's Wentong is the first systematic work on Chinese grammar. The Chinese word categories are divided into nine kinds: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliary words, and exclamations, and the sentence components are defined as seven kinds of main language, predicate, and object, laying the cornerstone of modern Chinese linguistics.
Ma surname left two magnificent works in historiography, one is the "Literature Examination" written by the famous historian Ma Duanlin in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, and the other is the "History of Xuan" written by the famous historian Ma Xiao in the early Qing Dynasty.
The "Literature Examination" is a political book in ancient China, which developed a new genre of history books, that is, the canonical style of narrating historical development with the category of events as the center, and is the largest work describing the canonical system of the past dynasties after the "General Classic" and "Tongzhi".
"History of Xuan" is a historical account from the ancient legend era to the end of the Qin Dynasty, which not only has the characteristics of the end of the chronicle, but also combines the advantages of the chronicle and the chronicle style, and creates a comprehensive historical book genre that integrates people, chronicles, charts, and tables.
Ma Mingren also has:
Ma Rong, a great Confucian scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was not only a scribe and educator, but also taught students such as Zheng Xuan and Lu Zhi, but also in his later years, Shi took in female disciples in a shocking way, and opened up the atmosphere of abandoning etiquette and religion in the Wei and Jin Qing tanners.
Ma Jun, a famous mechanical inventor during the Three Kingdoms period, invented a guide car, a weaving machine for weaving, a keel water wheel for agricultural irrigation, etc., and modified the Zhuge Lian crossbow, which made great contributions to scientific development and technological progress.
Ma Zhou, the chancellor of the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, played an active role in the political reform and "rule of Zhenguan" during the Zhenguan period.
Ma Dai, a famous poet of the late Tang Dynasty, was known for his five laws, and his poems were condensed and beautiful, without the delicate and sleek habits of the late Tang Dynasty.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Ma Yin, the founding monarch of the Chu state, set the capital at Tanzhou (present-day Changsha) to promote the economic prosperity of Hunan.
Ma Yuan, a master of landscape painting, together with Li Tang, Liu Songnian and Xia Gui, was called the "Four Houses of the Southern Song Dynasty", and his paintings changed the old habit of "panoramic" in the Northern Song Dynasty, and wrote more local close-ups of the remaining water of the Qiantang Mountains after the Southern Crossing of the Song Dynasty, known as "Ma Yijiao".
Known as the ancestor of Qiu Si, Qu Zhuangyuan Ma Zhiyuan, together with Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, and Bai Pu, is known as the "Four Greats of Yuanqu".
The second generation of the Taoist branch Quanzhen Dao taught Ma Yu, known as Ma Danyang, and authored the "Dongxuan Golden Jade Collection".
Ming Dynasty Emperor Ma Yu, after his death, the Gift Department Shangshu and Hanlin Academy Bachelor, the Ming Dynasty's part-time style of gifting officials began with him.
Ma Wensheng, a politician and military figure of the Ming Dynasty, served as Shangshu for many times, assisting the five dynasties of Dai, Ying, Xian, Filial Piety, and Wuzong, and was revered as the "Elder of the Five Dynasties" for 56 years.
Ma Changhai, a Manchu vernacular poet of the Qing Dynasty, spent his life in a straw hut "Bowl Nunnery".
Endowed with a bison that occasionally carries a bamboo stick across the river.
The rice sac is covered with a remnant moon, and the song board sings in the wind in late autumn.
Two feet to open the earthly road, a lifetime of ancient and modern sorrows.
From the beginning of the portal, the wild dog He Lao barked endlessly.
When the Qing Dynasty poet Ma Tixiao wandered around, wandered the world, and starved to death on the street, he carried in his arms this world-famous "Desperate Poem".
Of course, the Ma surname also has a prominent family.
In the Tang Dynasty, Fengzhou assassinated Shi Maxun, and his son Ma Zhi was the prime minister during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang.
Ma Tingluan, the chancellor and poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, was extremely temperamental, and refused to cooperate with the Yuan regime after the death of the Song Dynasty. His son Ma Duanlin was a famous historian of the late Song and early Yuan dynasties, and wrote "Literature Examination" and so on.
In changshu, Jiangsu, at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, a family of painters surnamed Ma appeared, Ma Mei was a flower and bird painter at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and his son Ma Yuanyi was a painter of the early Qing Dynasty. Ma Yi, the son of Ma Yuanyi, and his daughter Ma Quan, both have wonderful family methods and also work on flowers.
The brothers Ma Yuelu and Ma Yuezhen, known as the "Yangzhou Erma", were both Qing Dynasty literati, and later lived in Yangzhou, where they were representative figures of Yangzhou emblem merchants in the early Qing Dynasty, and donated funds to benefit the people.
Ma Jiaosi and Ma Zhongchen were both Poets of the Qing Dynasty.
In folklore, two prominent figures with the surname Ma have become gods.
The Great General of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Wu, was known as the "Martial Plague God" because of his high martial arts. He and the "Han Taiyi" were listed side by side as the left and right Wumen gods, usually attached to the gate, and were of equal status to another pair of martial arts gods, the Tang Dynasty generals Qin Qiong and Wei Chigong.
The life of another legendary Xianban figure, Ma Xianniangniang, is a difficult mystery, also known as Ma Xian, Ma Tianxian, Madame Ma, Ma Qiniang, Ma Wuniang, Ma Shi Zhenxian, Ma Zhenren, Lady Ma Of the Protector, Niangniang Ma, Niang Ma and so on. The belief in Ma Xianniang was widely spread in Fujian and Zhejiang.
To visit the ruins of the Ma surname, Guilin Fubo Mountain is a must-visit. It is a representative of the unique Guilin landscape, which was visited by the Fubo general Ma Yuannanzheng during the Han Dynasty.
The three Ma family compounds located in the ancient city of Pingyao in Shanxi, in Xiaoyin Cabinet Lane on Laojie Street in Kunming City, and in the center of Zhengding County, Hebei Province, are the epitome of the thick history of the Ma surname.
The Ma Zhiyuan Memorial Hall in the Puzhao Monastery in Dongguang County, Hebei Province, highlights that "the 700-year-old face is no longer the ancient road west wind thin horse; 100,000 miles of great changes in the rivers and mountains still accommodate small bridges and flowing water people." ”
Well, let's step into the world of Ma.