These days, people in the village are actively raising seedlings, and people on the ground along the river are ready to plant peppers. I heard people from neighboring villages say that the income from growing peppers is good. We rural people are like this, planting land likes to follow the trend, saying that gourds are easy to sell and planting gourds, saying that sugar vegetables are easy to sell and turning to sugar vegetables. The reason why I believe it is because people have proved the feasibility of growing peppers with practice, which is not, this year people are flocking to follow the trend of peppers.
In our central region of Inner Mongolia, pepper as an annual vegetable cultivation, its entire process can be divided into four stages, so the development and growth of peppers in each stage and pest control will definitely usher in a big harvest in autumn, so how are these four stages divided? According to my previous experience in planting peppers, pepper cultivation can be divided into germination stage, seedling stage, initial flowering stage, and fruit hanging stage. Below, I will explain in detail the characteristics of the growth and development of peppers in these four stages; and some of the characteristics affected by the environment.
[1] Germination period
The germination period of pepper seeds refers to the germination of seeds in the soil; a life from the hazy opening of the eyes to climbing to the ground is actually a very interesting process, when I was a child, I wrote a text, I remember saying "the power of the seed", "the power of the seed" can separate the skull, you can see how amazing the power of the seemingly tender seed after germination. The process of pepper seeds from germination to the unfolding of two leaves to the appearance of the first formed true leaves takes 5-8 days. However, due to the diversification of varieties, the conditions for seed germination are different; the peppers in our village vegetable garden also have before and after, but generally about half a month, the pepper germination period will basically be completed.
【2】 Seedling stage
The seedling stage of pepper refers to the stage from the completion of the germination period to the stage of germination differentiation and flowering, which takes about a month. However, it should also vary slightly according to the sowing time; when the summer temperature is higher, it generally only takes 30-50 days. At this stage, the temperature requirements of pepper seedlings are 25 ° c - 30 ° c during the day: the night temperature is about 17 ° C. Pepper seedlings at this stage are mainly based on the growth of roots and stems. It is time to lay the foundation for the next stage of germination and differentiation.
But as we farmers, we must pay attention to the fact that the temperature of pepper seedlings at this stage is too high and it is easy for seedlings to grow wildly, below this temperature will make pepper seedlings prolong the growth period, and the crops are the children of farmers, so we must observe diligently and deal with problems in time. According to the different stages of nutrition, pepper seedlings are divided into two small stages
(1) From the first true leaf to the time the crop has 2-3 true leaves, this small stage belongs to the vegetative growth stage. This period of time is mainly based on the growth of pepper roots and stems and leaves. (2) After 2-3 true leaves, the seedlings begin to differentiate their buds until flowering, which is carried out simultaneously by vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and does not give in to each other.
【3】 Initial flowering period
The first flowering period is the most beautiful stage of every life, like a newly married young woman, beautiful and subtle. The pepper seedlings in the early flowering stage are also the process from the first flower to the fruit-bearing stage, and we in the north need 20-30 days in this process. When the first flower blooms, the pepper is transformed from the process of rhizome and leaf growth into a nutrient supply based on flowers and fruits. This transformation process is directly related to the yield of peppers. Therefore, at this stage, the preferred temperature of pepper seedlings is within 30 °C during the day, and 15 °C - 20 °C at night. If the temperature is too high, the pepper will grow in vain and not hang fruit, and the temperature will be too low to cause the pepper to fail to flower, that is, it will barely sit on the fruit and grow slowly into a zombie fruit, and it will grow strangely.
It should be noted that chili peppers are an excessive process in this process, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth will contradict each other, why should I say this? Because this stage is the key time for the pepper plant to balance the seedlings and fruits, therefore, the pepper needs to pass water and fertilizer to regulate its growth and development at this time. That's why we like to grow peppers in the riverhead land, it must be fertilized and irrigated in time, at any time; in order to balance the relationship between nutrition and growth stages. In this way, a holistic balancing process can be achieved. When the first fruit of the whole branch is hung, we will "all" remove the side branches below the branches, so as not to rob them of nutrients together with the main branch; affecting the development of pepper fruits. When the branches and leaves are dense, remove the dead, yellow and old leaves below in time to facilitate ventilation and ventilation of the pepper plant.
【4】 Fruit hanging period
The pepper fruiting period means the arrival of the harvest period, and the final link refers to the first pepper hanging fruit to the end of the whole seedling. Such a process is the final sprint stage, which is a long and joyful stage, on the one hand, when the fruits of their labor are finally seen, and on the other hand, it indicates the arrival of real money and silver. Depending on the variety of peppers, it generally takes 90-120 days. At this time, the temperature requirements of peppers are 6 °C-10 °C the best day and night, the temperature is too high and crazy, too low to freeze badly, and the pepper fruit period continues to carry out nutrient distribution work Water and fertilizer management must also keep up, promote the robustness of pepper seedlings, and hang fruit continuously, so as to achieve a bumper harvest.
Generally, it takes about 30 days for the first fruit to flower to harvest, about 20 days for the second layer of fruit, and about 18 days for the third layer of fruit. The first layer of fruit is properly harvested early, which can not only be marketed early, but also prevent the fall of seedlings and affect the growth and development of the overall plant. In short, it is not easy for peasants to cultivate land, as the saying goes, "people coax the land for a while, and the land coaxes people for a season" Therefore, if you want to plant crops, fruits and vegetables, you must be diligent in your legs, hands, and eyes. Go to the field in time to observe and pay attention, and deal with problems in time; so that you can get a big harvest.