80% of the yield of corn depends on the scientific and technological quality of the grower.
The quality of science and technology determines the level of corn efficiency.
Because, of all maize varieties, 80% of the yields are determined by technology.
Why is it that the same variety, "Zhang San" is not good, but "Li Si" is very good? The reason is that "Zhang San's quality" < "Li Si's quality".
Why is the same fertilization, the same breed, "Horse Five" reduced production by 500 kilograms, but "Niu Six" increased production by 200 kilograms? Inside and out, the "Niu Six" earns seven or eight hundred yuan more per acre of land than the "Horse Five". The reason is that "the quality of Niu Liu" > "the quality of Ma Wu".
This article will directly talk about methods, about measures, and will not explain too much "why", because in the "10 Whys of Corn" series of articles, there are several or a dozen pieces of evidence for each idea or every technical measure.
Less than 1% of the really good varieties are counted, which is what Mr. Yang Dahai said.
Mr. Han Junqiang also said: The real dominant varieties are always scarce!
In other words, any grower has to face 99% of the "selling seeds" flicker! ——Trusting them is your "hidden danger of production reduction".
Remember that a really good variety should have the following characteristics: "pre-booked", "in short supply", "high-priced", "no need to sell everywhere", or even "pay money in advance to book, but reduce the number of supplies proportionally".
If you come across a conference, a dinner party, a gift, or even a credit sale, it's basically not a good breed. Most of these are breeds of "descendants of the American red axis", because of the fierce competition of "chickens into the flock", they have to do this.
What kind of variety is the last really good variety?
Quite simply, remember 3 sentences: (1) The root system is developed (because it can resist drought and fertilizer, and it can tolerate salinity and high temperature heat damage). (2) Live stalks are mature (because it is easy to increase yield by 1/5, especially the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize varieties, the leaves of the approved varieties are 19 to 21 but precocious than 958 are "suspected of premature aging"). (3) Strong ability to resist disasters (you can not be afraid of disaster years, the more others reduce production, the more productive your family is).
Choosing such a variety requires your wisdom, and such a variety, you must choose 2 or more, to achieve the same as the "golden boy" or "elite soldiers", pearls and strong combinations or strong combinations, so that you can increase the yield by about 20% compared with any single variety. Specific measures are set out in Part II.
Practice has proved that the "white plus red" or "red plus powder" mixed varieties of 2 maize varieties can borrow "different root systems, different plant types, different leaf types, different male panicle branches, different pollination periods, different resistances", etc., and achieve "resistance complementarity, complementary advantages", which can greatly reduce diseases, reduce insect pests, reduce high temperature heat damage, reduce lodging, reduce premature aging, and at the same time improve drought resistance, flood resistance, salinity tolerance, and barrenness tolerance, relative yield increase of about 1/5, and the more the year of yield reduction, the more significant the increase in yield. Some growers increase their production by more than 700 catties per mu.
(1) The two varieties must be strictly screened, must have the characteristics of "strong disaster resistance, developed root system, mature live stalks", and their advantages and disadvantages are "different" (conducive to complementarity and maximum potential), and the best varieties belong to 2 different seed companies. Be sure to note that not any 2 varieties can be mixed at will, and must be approved by the store or company that provides the seeds (because the "seed sellers" are obliged to provide free technical guidance and free distribution of products with the use of seeds).
(2) Because the varieties in the same ecological region are approved and the control varieties are the same, the growth period is basically the same. Take the Huang-Huai-Hai Summer Maize National Examination as an example: excluding the very small number of early maturing varieties with 15 to 17 leaves, if the approved varieties have 19 to 21 leaves in the whole plant, the growth period should be 0.5 days to 0.8 days later than the control variety (ZhengDan 958) is normal. If the [Approval Announcement] indicates that the cultivar matures earlier than the control variety, it is either that the root system of the variety is underdeveloped, or that the variety has poor disaster resistance and "causes premature aging" (the calculation of the number of leaves in the whole plant should include all the leaves of the bottom two leaflets of the plant).
(3) The plant height of maize varieties is mostly between 2.5 and 3 meters, and the gap is large. However, it can be scientifically determined by adjusting the mixed ratio of the 2 varieties. In general, two varieties with a plant height difference of about 10 cm (about half a male panicle gap) can be mixed 1:1; the plant height gap is more than 20 cm, and it is recommended to mix seeds according to the ratio of height and shortness of 1:2 or 1:3 or 1:4.
The ignorant fertilization of growers will only make the "fertilizer sellers" happy, but any corn variety that is "not enough to eat" and "not enough to eat" will have to seriously reduce production.
Corn is a high-nitrogen crop that requires sufficient nitrogen fertilizer to produce high yields and efficiency. As for phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, even the United States uses them only once every two or three years (see figure below).
Summer corn, only need "half a bag of urea" is very good, because you can borrow the nutrient retention of the former stubble wheat fertilizer and "one fertilizer, two stubbles are high yield" - you can use ordinary urea to apply, you can also use "control loss of urea" or "enveloped slow release urea" and bring fertilizer when sowing.
Spring corn, take your original compound fertilizer or compound fertilizer "half of the fertilizer money", change to diammonium potassium chloride and urea 1:1:2 can be, and save money and high yield! If you maintain the original fertilizer money, then your family's yield of a few hundred catties of corn "white picking" is "white".
Why?
Everyone needs to understand, you can read the original articles: "Corn 10 Whys (3): Less Fertilization, More Efficiency", "Corn Seeds: Destroyed by Fake and Inferior Compound Fertilizer", "Why Are "Selling Agricultural Materials" "Looked Down" by Farmers? " and other articles, or on WeChat, or in the "today's headlines" search box input "fake and shoddy compound fertilizer", you look at it, you will completely understand.
In addition to the corn areas in heilongjiang near the third, fourth and fifth temperate zones near Russia, because the accumulated temperature is not enough, so "varieties that mature more than 15 days early must be densely planted"; and some areas in Xinjiang that are "very hot and have little wind and rain" can be "properly densely planted" (but not particularly early-maturing planting areas, dense planting requires a large amount of "high fertilizer water input", with the recording of a professor from Henan Agricultural University), summer corn in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of the maize-dominant production area, and spring maize in the first and second temperate zones in the northeast region, only if not "Specially relied varieties" are all suitably diluted to be safer and more productive.
For example, according to the scientific research results of Dr. Ma Xinglin of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the relatively densely tolerant "Zhengdan 958" is also a yield of 3500 plants ≈ 5000 plants.
For another example, the Yuduo Harvest Agricultural Technology Service Center of Cheng'an County, Hebei Province, conducted a comparative test on a multi-resistant cultivar of each density type, and the average weight of a single panicle with a density of 3700 plants per mu was 0.7 kg, and the average weight of a single panicle of 5000 plants was 0.48 kg, reducing the density by 26%, increasing the average weight of the single panicle by 31%, and reducing the density = increasing production.
For another example, the rare chinese white shaft varieties with rare plants of "more than six rows" [the "Eight Strong Ten" of the National Trial] are planted in the saline alkali land, dry and thin land and pure dry land such as Huanghua in Cangzhou, Hebei and Dezhou Plain in Shandong, with a density of 3368 plants per mu (5 seedlings on a flat side), with an average single ear weight of about 1 catty, and a summer sowing mu can earn about 1500 yuan in cash.
In addition, in 2020, the red shaft large panicle varieties approved by Hebei and introduced in Henan and Shandong for the record, the average weight of single panicles was 0.615 kg (plant spacing 25 cm, equivalent to 2767 kg of fresh sticks per mu) when the density of 4500 plants per mu, the average weight of single panicles was 0.822 kg (plant spacing 30 cm, equivalent to 3041 kg of fresh sticks per mu) at the mu density of 3368 plants, and the average weight of single panicles was 0.93 kg (plant spacing 33 cm, equivalent to 3132 kg of fresh sticks per mu) when the density of mu was 3368 plants.
Remember, China's climate environment is not as good as the United States, and it is naïve to talk about the density of corn in the United States.
Almost all corn is facing the threat of "fearful 80 days"! For a long period of time, 20 days before and 60 days after the withdrawal, no one knew on what day the "wind and rain, the tree was blown down" would happen.
Moreover, in the approval announcement of any one variety, there are several defects such as "high susceptibility" or "susceptibility" or "moderate resistance" (especially when the trial time is "19 to 21 adult leaves", but the variety that matures earlier than Zhengdan 958 is "suspected of premature aging"), at the same time, there are gray planthoppers, aphids, thrips, Swedish stalk flies, red spiders, corn borers, cotton bollworms, armyworms, grass moths, beet nocturnal moths, trichinworms, peach borers and other pests "do not know when to suddenly occur", in addition to drought, high temperature heat, Bad stresses such as salinity, barrenness, and waterlogging will make your corn "lose hundreds of catties for the light and harvest for the heavy" at any time.
Therefore, on the basis of taking high-quality seed coating agent coating, during the growth of corn, "spray more than once", a few yuan or 10 yuan of investment, is dozens of times, or even more than 100 times the return, super value!
Generally, during the 7-leaf exhibition to 10 leaf exhibition, the "multiple product combinations" are sprayed twice, which plays the effect of "one spray eight defenses, two controls and eight defenses". According to the experience of Hengshui Shixing Xiangpeng Agricultural Technology Development Company, when spreading leaves from 7 to 8, spray 1 bag of controlling agent + 1 bag of blue crystal micro-fertilizer + 1 two urea, and thereafter (according to different varieties, the interval period is different), spray once again 1 bag of controlling agent (pesticide certificate of amine fresh ethylene or high content of ethylene) + 2 kinds of fungicide (phenyl ether methicazole + 80% allicin or carbendazic or bacillus) + 3 kinds of insecticides (thiamethoxine or imidacloprid + 24% mevinia mite nitrile + 10% Dingjing chrysanthemum) + several non-hormonal yield enhancers.
Please note that it is important to avoid the use of hormone products such as brassinolin, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and sodium compound nitrophenol to avoid stimulating the growth of corn plants and inducing lodging or stem collapse.
As long as the variety is "not too lai" - the root system is better or particularly developed, the disaster resistance is better or super strong, the summer maize in Huanghuaihai is generally harvested around October 10 as the best, the weight of the thousand grains is the highest, the yield is the highest, and the benefit is the best (because of the scientific research results of the two doctors of Shandong Agricultural University, "live stalks mature" and harvested a few days late, with a yield increase rate of 19.8%).
If it is not the variety of leaves 15 to 17 that are labeled at the time of review, but the approval announcement is earlier than Zhengdan 958, it is "suspected of premature aging".
In order to maintain the yield of "mature live stalks" and "white pick" of several hundred catties, therefore, choose 2 varieties with "developed root system and strong disaster resistance", carry out "white plus red" or "red plus pink" mixed seeding (according to the practice of the Northern Rural Network Science and Technology Advisory Group, the mixing effect > intercropping effect), appropriate dilution (unless you choose the variety "how long can not grow into a big stick" or easy to premature aging varieties "dare not be diluted"), play more medicine and "prevent problems before they occur", so "multi-pronged", your family's corn will never be afraid of disaster years Every year, it will be stronger than its neighbors.
This is the high quality of your family's corn.
Northern Rural Network Science and Technology Advisory Group Public Account "Ten Star Corn Technology" original article Thanks to Cheng'an County Jiukang Agricultural Science and Technology Company, Xihua County Dalu Seed Industry Company, Hengshui Shixing Xiangpeng Agricultural Technology Company, Hebei Baode Harvest Agricultural Technology Company to provide materials or examples