Friends engaged in agriculture believe that everyone is very familiar with the three words "humic acid". Especially in the field of fertilizers, it is more prominent, and everyone generally believes that humic acid fertilizer has a good effect! And the price of fertilizer with humic acid is naturally expensive! However, very few people really know how humic acid works on soils and crops! Humic acid science popularization can not be delayed!
Since humic acid is not a pure substance, it is a type of substance, it is a complex mixture. Its composition varies greatly with the source, and in addition, the nature of the fermentation of humic acid in recent years is still being defined, but this class of substances with similar properties is collectively referred to as "humic acid".
The concept of humic acid in a broad sense is: animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, a class of organic matter that has been caused and accumulated by the decomposition and transformation of microorganisms and a series of processes in geochemistry.
Through 5 years, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center has carried out humic acid fertilizer test demonstration nationwide, and authoritatively verified the contribution of humic acid fertilizer in agriculture: "five major roles", "four-agent function", "three-agent effect" and "three-dose effect"
"Five major effects" (soil improvement, efficiency fertilizer, stimulation of growth, enhancement of stress resistance, improvement of quality), "four agent functions" (drought resistance agent, growth regulator, pesticide sustained release synergist and chemical element complexing agent), "three effects" (low carbon, ecology, high quality), "two high and three less" (high fertilizer utilization rate, high crop yield, less fertilizer application, less fertilization frequency, less harmful gas emissions), "three doses" (fertilizer synergist, soil regulator, rhizosphere stimulation agent) effect,
1, some people found: if you add water to the sand, then the temperature is high, the water will soon evaporate; if too much water is added to the sand, the water will soon flow away, but in the sand and water to add humic acid, then the water not only evaporates slowly, and even some water molecules that are deeply affinity with humic acid are very difficult to lose; and the same weight of sand, after adding humic acid, the amount of water absorbed is greater, and the water is not easy to lose, so humic acid is the water retention agent of the soil.
2, now everyone uses excessive chemical fertilizer, the soil is either acidified or salinized. Acid should be neutralized by alkali, and alkali should be regulated by acid. In chemical experiments, there is a class of substances called "ph buffers", which have both acid and alkali properties.
When you add acid to the buffer, the buffer exerts its own alkali properties, neutralizes the effects of the acid, and makes the degree of acidification very slow. Humic acid is a soil acid-alkaline buffer. The molecules in humic acid contain both alkaline and acidic groups.
3, the combination of humic acid and chemical fertilizer has natural superior conditions, which can not only raise good soil, but also cultivate good fertilizer, and is friendly with crops and the environment.
Humic acid can optimize the characteristics of chemical fertilizers and improve the utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizers, which are mainly manifested in: humic acid contains functional groups such as carboxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups, and has strong ion exchange and adsorption capacity, which can reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen and improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Oxidatively degraded nitrohumic acid inhibits urease activity and reduces urea volatilization. Degraded nitro humic acid increases the distance between the movement of phosphorus in the soil, inhibits the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus in the soil, converts available phosphorus to delayed mopour, and promotes root uptake of phosphorus.
The humic acid functional group can absorb and store potassium ions, so that the potassium fertilizer is slowly decomposed, increasing the release of potassium, and increasing the content of available potassium. Humic acid and refractory trace elements can undergo a chelating reaction to generate a hygride of humic acid trace elements with good solubility that can be absorbed by crops, which is conducive to the absorption of trace elements by roots and foliar surfaces.
So we will find that most compound fertilizers are now added to humic acid! On the one hand, in order to increase the selling point, on the other hand, the effect is really much better!
4, humic acid is a more ideal balance system for the tasting of various substances. This equilibrium system is also suitable for a variety of beneficial microorganisms, allowing them to multiply in large quantities. At the same time, probiotics decompose a large amount of organic matter in the soil, interact with air, soil and water, and generate a large amount of organic matter, which significantly increases the organic matter content in the soil. The level of organic matter content is the main indicator of soil quality. Therefore, humic acid has the effect of improving the soil.
In addition, humic acid can be combined with the calcium and iron ions of other auxiliaries to promote the formation of large particles of fine particles in the surface of 20 to 30 cm of fine particle soil, reduce the capillary phenomenon of fine particle soil, greatly reduce the evaporation of water carrying salt to the surface and gradually accumulate to form salinization, which is the most effective way to completely treat saline-alkali land from the source. Therefore, humic acid has the effect of improving the soil.