For the quality of arable land and crop yield, the importance of organic matter does not need to be said more, everyone knows that more soil organic matter should be supplemented.
But, do you really know anything about organic matter? Today we will understand the organic matter, what its role is, and what is the difference between it and humus and humic acid.
Organic matter function performance:
Soil organic matter is the basis of soil fertility
1, fertilizer retention, water retention, is the carrier of water and fertilizer
2. Carrier and energy of microorganisms
3. Promote the formation of soil aggregate structure
What is soil organic matter?
What is humus?
What is Humic Acid?
What is the relationship between them?
Soil organic matter is a large class of macromolecular substances with very complex structures, mainly from the excreta of living organisms or corpses.
Under the decomposition of microorganisms, there is another biochemical process of these organic substances, that is, the synthesis of some small molecules of organic matter into more complex macromolecular organic matter--- humus. This is the so-called humification process.
Humus has a larger molecular weight and more complex structure than organic matter, and humic acid is the main component of humus. Humic acids are widely present in the oceans, swamps, peat, soils and freshwater waters on the Earth's surface. Weathered lignite (the product of tens of millions of years of natural humification of plant and animal remains in crustal sediments) is the largest group of resources found to date, up to 70%.
Is the higher the organic matter in organic fertilizer, the better?
First of all, from the conclusion, the organic matter in organic fertilizer is not as high as possible, which mainly depends on several forms of organic matter:
1. Primitive state, including protein, fat, starch, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
2. Semi-transformed state, that is, a state that is different from the basic structure of the original state.
3. Humus texture, that is, substances with soil activity generated by the transformation of microorganisms and the action of physical chemistry.
The organic matter content in sheep dung is very high, but it exists in the form of primitive proteins, and the direct effect on plants is humus, and the original and semi-transformed states must be converted into humus before they can be absorbed and utilized by plants.
Therefore, the organic matter in organic fertilizer is not the higher the better, if you apply it to the soil is all pristine, the plant absorption is slow, almost no effect.
How can organic matter be converted into humus?
The process of transforming organic matter requires the activity of a large number of beneficial microorganisms. Carbon in the organic matter weight of 55% -60%, in the process of mineralization and humus microbials to consume 50% -70% of the carbon in the organic matter, therefore, unhurosted organic fertilizer, applied to the ground by the soil microorganisms slowly decomposed into humus loss of carbon weight of 58% x 60% = 34.8%.
Therefore, this requires that the content of organic matter in qualified bio-organic fertilizers must reach ≥40%; generally 40%-60% is more appropriate, and the organic matter and active bacteria of this content work together to get the best results.
So in the future, when you see that the organic matter content is very high, such as ≥ 80% of this biological fertilizer, or this is fake, randomly labeled; even if it is true, there is no certain active bacteria, it takes a long time to transform these organic matter, and the plant will absorb slowly and cannot achieve the effect.
Organic matter increased by 1%, how much organic fertilizer is needed?
It is estimated that in order to increase the organic matter of the soil by 1%, 3.47 tons of decomposed farm manure are applied per mu.
It can be seen that increasing soil organic matter is not increased out of thin air, it takes time and investment, so don't listen to some dealers saying that a few hundred pounds will increase as much as you want, that is to fool people.
The above is about the organic matter you know or do not know those things, I believe that in the future, when you use organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, you will have more numbers in mind.
Content source microbial medicinal fertilizer, for your reference!