Xiao Dezao, poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Zi Dongfu, self-proclaimed Senyan Old Man. A native of Minqing (present-day Fujian). The year of birth and death is unknown. Shaoxing twenty-one years (1151) jinshi. At first, he served as the governor of Youchuan County, then as a senator in Hubei, and then transferred to Wucheng Ling in Huzhou. Because he loved the beauty of the local landscape, he moved his home to Wucheng and lived in Zhongping Mountain, Zhongping Mountain, which had the victory of a thousand rocks, so he called himself "The Old Man of a Thousand Rocks", indicating that he was not hidden. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1161), he and Yang Wanli met at the Lingling Hotel in Hunan (according to Ye Weiqing's "Yang Chengzhai Annals"), and their remarks matched, so they made friends. The next morning, Tokuzao set off to compose poems, and Wanli also wrote a poem. Tokuzao said to Wanli, "We are engaged like a betrothed, and we should each leave a poem as proof." Since then, the two have become poet friends. However, Tokuzao had long since faded from fame and had no intention of becoming an official. During the Guangzong Dynasty, Guangxi mentioned that there were no prisoners in prison, and Yang Wanli had recommended him to serve, and the prime minister Wang Huai said: "I know Xiao Dongfu's character very well, and I once asked him to be the Taishou of Hangzhou. In the second year of ShaoXi (1191), Dezao lost both his wife and son, was poor and sick, but still delayed in composing poetry and singing bitterly, and later went to Fuzhou for a time to serve as an idle post in the Fujian Pacification Department, and his death year is unknown. Song Renfang Hui said in the Yingkui Law: "If Xiao did not die early, Yang Wanli would be out of his way. This shows his position in the poetry of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Xiao Dezao once learned poetry from Zeng. Yang Wanli's "Records of The Recommended Scholars of Chunxi" lists him as the 13th person, saying that he is "very ancient in literature, very high in integrity, his ambitions are always desired, and his progress has not been reconciled." When you are old, you will not meet, and the soldier will be humbled." Yang Wanli referred to him alongside You Yuan, Fan Chengda, and Lu You as "Four Poets" and "Four Poetry Generals" ("Sending Zhang Gong's Father Jiang Yaozhang", "Xie Zhang Gong's Father Sent Closer Poems", "Chengzhai Collection" vols. 41 and 39), saying: "The modern poet Ruo Fan ShiHu's freshness, YouLiangxi's plainness, Lu Fangweng's ferocity, Xiao Qianyan's work, Yu Suo's fearfulness," (Preface to the Qianyan Selected Manuscripts). The poetic style is hard and frustrated, and Le Leifa's "Book Of Xiao Qianyan Collection" commented that his poetic style is "ancient like Zhang Yale in the cave court, strict as the remnants of the ink" ("Xueji Series Draft"). For example, "Gumei Ii Absolute": "Xiangfei stands on a thin back, and the sea moon hangs coral branches coldly." Ugly monsters can be amazingly charming, and only Xiao Han knows about the broken soul"; "A hundred thousand years of moss with dead trees, one or two points of spring for old branches." The sound of the cliff flute that gets, straight to the oblique sun frozen bee knows"; its characteristics can be glimpsed.
Xiao Dezao wrote seven volumes of the Qianyan Selected Manuscript, which was published by Yang Wanli after his death, but unfortunately, in the Yuan Dynasty, the poetry version was destroyed in Yongzhou, and posterity could not see his poetry collection. From the records cited in the Qing Dynasty Zheng Fangkun's "Quan Min Poetry", only nine poems and some zero sentences such as "GuMei" (two songs), "Lotus Picking Song" (two songs), "Ciyun Fu Weixiao", "Dengyue Yang Lou", "Yu MeirenCao", "Zhan Gong Ancestral Hall", and "Woodcutter" can be found. Among them, the best one is "Gumei", the poem Yun: "Xiangfei is standing on the back of a frozen mosquito, and the sea moon is cold hanging coral branches." Ugly monsters can be amazingly feminine, and only Xiao Han knows about the broken soul. Modern poet Chen Yan commented on Yun: "The work of plum blossom poetry can be breathtaking at this point, and it is beyond Lin Hejing's imagination ("The Essence of Song Poetry"). Another poem "Woodcutter" is rich in the authenticity of the life of working people, Shiyun: "A load of dry wood ancient ferry head, coiled for a day is quite good." Return to the bottom of the stream to sharpen the sword and axe, and make the whole family tomorrow's plot." Xiao Shi used words to create sentences, all of which were intended to be blunt and novel, refusing to fall into the clichés, and were deeply influenced by the Jiangxi school.
The great poet Jiang Kui (字尧章, 号白石道人), a native of Poyang, Jiangxi). It is Xiao's niece and son-in-law. Because Jiang Fu's father, Jiang Hao, was a member of the same branch as Dezao, who once knew Heyang County, and died an official. Therefore, Jiang Kui saw Xiao as the son of the deceased, and Xiao was very attached to Jiang's literary talent, and once said: "After studying poetry for decades, I first got a friend." "Marry his brother and daughter to him and introduce him to Yang Wanli." Yang read Jiang's poems, praised them, and gave them to him, including "You, Xiao, Fan, and Lu Sishiweng, who will be the first meritorious after that?" " sentence. Therefore, Jiang has a sense of confidant for Xiao Dezao, and Jiang has several poems, such as "A Calyx Red" and "Xi Hong", which are all written in honor of Xiao. His famous work "Yangzhou Slow" was written for sentimental current events, and Jiang noted the cloud at the end of the word: "The old man of Qianyan thought that there was a sense of detachment." This shows the respect for Xiao.
Xiao Dezao is not only a poet, he is also a witty and legendary fable writer. He wrote a "Biography of Wu Five Hundred" (Zhao Youshi", vol. 6), in which he said: In the past, there was a mad monk, who was originally from Huaiyou (present-day western Anhui), who lived in Wu County (present-day Suzhou City), drunk and beat people in the streets every day, and the county officials arrested him and sent a "five hundred" surnamed Wu (five hundred is another name for ancient messengers) to escort him back to his hometown. Wu Wubai beat and scolded him fiercely every day, and before the sky was clear, he urged him to move from the hostel. One day when they went to the place of Benniudai, the two stayed in a hotel at night, and the monk drunk five hundred with wine, shaved five hundred hairs, and then put his torture weapons on five hundred, changed their clothes, and broke through the wall and fled. The next morning, five hundred woke up, and there was no madness, the walls were broken, and the monk had fled. Looking down at his own torture clothes and torture devices, he touched his bald head again, and couldn't help but shout: "Hey! The monk is here, but where have I gone? Xiao Dezao commented after the transmission: "Those who have lost me in the world, are they the only five hundred?" His fable, with its profound philosophy and irony, opened up a new genre in the Chinese laughing forest, and later generations have copied it, such as Geng Tiantai's "Miscellaneous Tricks and Cherthy Compilations", Pu Songling's "Liaozhai Zhiyi Chengxian", and folklore's "Zhang Guan Li Dai", all of which evolved from "Five Hundred Biographies of Wu".
Gu Mei
Xiangfei is in danger of standing frozen jiao ridge, and the sea moon is cold hanging coral branches.
Ugly monsters can be amazingly feminine, and only Xiao Han knows about the broken soul.
A hundred thousand years of moss with dead trees, three or two o'clock spring for old branches.
The sound of the cliff flute that gets, only the slanting sun freeze bees know.