The family Diplodontidae, also known as the Stingrayidae, is a family of pufferfish. There are 18 species in 7 genera worldwide, and 7 species in 3 genera recorded in China
The body is cylindrical , the head and the front half of the body are wide and rounded , and gradually shortened and cone-shaped to the tail. The back is wide and flat with air sacs, and the abdomen can be inflated. The mouth is small; the characteristics of this species are a well-developed tooth plate on the upper and lower jaws, so it is called "two-toothed pufferfish". The eyes are large, without ventral fins and lateral lines, and the dorsal and fins are short and rounded, located in the posterior half of the body. The whole body is densely covered with strong spines specialized by scales, so it used to be called "thorny pufferfish", commonly known as "thorny sea piglet" or "thorny piglet".
Species of the pufferfish are widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical waters of the world's three oceans. During the juvenile period, the fish lived in the ocean drift, and after the adult fish, they inhabited the shallow waters of the rocky reef area, were not good at swimming, and moved slowly. During the day, they mostly inhabit caves or rock piles, and only come out in the evening to feed. Usually, the hard spines on the surface of the body are lying on the body, and once they encounter a critical moment of predator attack, they will swallow water to expand the body, and the strong spines on the surface of the body will thus be erected, making it impossible for predators to swallow. Carnivorous, hard jaw teeth can bite shellfish, echinoderms and crabs and other invertebrates for food.
Heterosceros shortspring is a genus of black-spotted heteroscephalus pufferfish
Genus Bream bream
1. The short-spined pufferfish (also known as the short-spined pufferfish) is distributed in Japan in the western Pacific Ocean, Baja California from China to Mexico in the Pacific Ocean, and the Taiwan Strait. The bulbophyllum is a tropical marine demersal fish with larger individuals, generally 300 to 400 mm long and larger up to 650 mm. The economic value is not high.
Short spiny puffers
2. The Andreas bream is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the western Atlantic region, from Florida to the northeast of Brazil, with a habitat depth of 1-44 meters and a body length of up to 30 cm, inhabiting the gravel area where seagrass grows, and its living habits are unknown. 3. Reticulated short-spiny pufferfish: also known as spotted-finned short-spined puffer tropical marine demersal fish, adults live alone, generally living in reef areas or soft bottom areas at least 100 meters deep; juvenile fish live in ocean drifting. It is found in tropical waters around the world, but in chunks. Taiwan is mainly distributed in the northern and northeastern waters. It feeds mainly on crestless vertebrates with hard shells. No economic value for consumption.
Reticulated short-spiny pufferfish
3, Xu's short-spiny pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the western Atlantic region, from Nova Scotia province to Brazil, canada, habitat depth of up to 11 meters, body length of up to 27.9 cm, inhabit the coastal clear water quality lagoon, reef area, life habits are unknown, can be used as ornamental fish.
4. West African short-spiny pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the eastern Atlantic region, from Mauritania to Angola, with a depth of up to 100 meters and a body length of up to 25 centimeters, inhabiting sandy and muddy bottom areas, feeding on molluscs with hard shells, etc., and its living habits are unknown.
Genus Rotunda
1. Harseyn's round-spined pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the southern part of New Guinea and northern Australia in the western Pacific Ocean, with a depth of up to 100 meters and a body length of up to 25 cm, inhabiting the sandy mud bottom sea, feeding on mollusks with hard shells, with unknown living habits and toxicity.
2. The polka dot pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the western Pacific Region of India, from the Red Sea to the Philippines, from Japan in the north to Australia and New Caledonia in the south, with a depth of 9-170 meters, the adult body of the fish is brown to gray, and has black patches, and 11-13 dorsal fin soft strips; There are 10-12 soft fin strips, up to 30 cm in length, inhabiting the reef area with clear water quality, seaweed and sponge growth, nocturnal, feeding on hard-shelled molluscs, unknown living habits, can be used as edible fish and ornamental fish.
3. The macular round-spined pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the indo-western Pacific region, from the Red Sea to the Philippines, from Japan in the north to Australia and New Caledonia in the south; in the waters of the Galapago Islands in the East Pacific Ocean, the habitat depth is 3-90 meters, the body length can reach 34 cm, inhabits the coastal reef area, nocturnal, feeds on mollusks with hard shells, and its living habits are unknown.
Genus Dipterophyllum
The two-leaf pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the western Pacific region of Australia, inhabiting depths of up to 50 meters, body length of up to 40 cm, inhabiting coastal reef areas, nocturnal, usually solitary, feeding on mollusks with hard shells, and its living habits are unknown.
Stingray (dipterocarpus) genus Ai's stingray: also known as Ace's eroded pufferfish is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the tropical seas of the three oceans of the world, the back and side of the fish are blue, there are small elongated black spots, fin spots, dark throat stripes, ventral silvery white, body length of up to 27 cm, inhabit the ocean area, group activities, feed on plankton, life habits are unknown, can be used as edible fish.
It is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the tropical waters of the three oceans of the world, the back and sides of the fish are blue, there are small elongated black spots, fin spots, dark throat stripes, the ventral surface is silvery-white, the body length can reach 27 cm, inhabit the ocean area, group activities, feed on plankton, life habits are unknown, can be used as edible fish. : Also known as hexamorphosaurus
Spotted pufferfish: Also known as the spotted pufferfish distributed in the subtropical waters of the world's oceans. Eastern Pacific: San Diego, California to Chile, including the Galapago Islands; Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Massachusetts (USA) and Gulf of Mexico North to Brazil; Eastern Atlantic: 30°N to 23°S; Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea to Madagascar, Reunion Island and Mauritius; Mediterranean Sea. It inhabits sandy or gravel bottoms at depths of 2 to 30 m. Swim slowly and often hide in reef caves. Carnivorous, with benthic animals as the main food. poisonous.
Densely spotted pufferfish
Large spotted pufferfish: also known as the dorsal fin of the striped two-toothed pufferfish 13-16; fins 13–16; Pectoral fins 21–25. The body length is 1.8-3.0 times the body height and 2.1-2.5 times the head length; the head length is 2.6-3.3 times the length of the snout, and the eye diameter is 3.8-5.4 times. The body of the large spotted pufferfish is wide, short, thick and round, slightly flattened; The tail stalk is thin and flattened laterally. The head is broad and flat, and the snout is short; The upper and lower jaws each have only 1 beak-like tooth plate. The head is covered with long spines except for the snout end and the tail stalk, the spines have 2 spines, they can move, and the frontal spines are very long, 1.3-1.8 times the diameter of the eyes. The dorsal fin and fin are similar; The pectoral fins are broad and short; The caudal fin is rounded. The dorsal side of the large spotted pufferfish is dark brown or pale yellow, and there are some dark brown or black large markings on the back and sides of the body, and the markings are surrounded by light-colored edges, which are distributed in the base of the dorsal fin, the middle of the dorsal fin, above the pectoral fin, the occipital area, the back of the eye, etc., with a horizontal band across the eye and extending downwards, but there is no transverse spot at the orbital septum.
Large spotted pufferfish
Bulbophyllum: Also known as bulbous two-toothed pufferfish. It is a temperate marine fish, distributed in the western and southern waters of Australia, inhabiting depths of 1-70 m, body length of up to 40 cm, inhabiting shallow waters in the bay, group activities, unknown living habits, toxic.
Heterothornocarpus is a tropical marine fish, distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, inhabiting depths of up to 100 meters and body lengths of up to 30 cm, inhabiting continental sheds, adults are benthic, juvenile fish float in the surface waters of the ocean, feeding on molluscs with hard shells, and their living habits are unknown.
It is a tropical marine fish distributed in the western Pacific Region of India, including Papua New Guinea and northern Australia, with a depth of 26-137 meters and a body length of up to 30 cm, inhabiting sandy muddy substratum waters, feeding on molluscs with hard shells, and its living habits are unknown and toxic.