The teenager is in place
On his deathbed in 1556, humayun, the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, passed the throne to his 13-year-old son Akbar, entrusting him to the chancellor Byram. Akbar was born in 1542, when Huma Yongzheng was in exile, so he fostered his young son in Kabul's uncle's house, and as a result, Akbar grew up unlearned and illiterate, but the hard life allowed the young Akbar to develop a tough character and a burly body. Childhood experiences also sowed the seeds of great power in Akbar's heart.
(Junior Akbar)
Retake Delhi
At the beginning of Akbar's reign, the situation was turbulent, Delhi was taken by the surviving Sumerian general Himmu, and the Persians took the opportunity to take away the empire's Kandahar. In order to regain the lost territory, in the same year of his reign, Akbar sent troops to attack Delhi, and the armies of the two sides fought fiercely at Deripanipat. Fate has always been so wonderful that 30 years ago, it was here that Akbar's grandfather Babur crushed the Afghan army and founded the Mughal Empire. Thirty years later, in order to maintain the country's regime, his grandson Akbar will also face another Afghan challenge on this land. Akbar inherited his grandfather's military talents well, and when his army was inferior in number and equipment to the enemy's land, Akbar ordered his army to avoid the front and attack from the flanks, and his archers played a huge role in this attack, and in the end, Akbar defeated Himu and regained Delhi where his grandfather had fought, and the young emperor personally beheaded Himmu.
The road to expansion
After the repossession of Delhi, Akbar became tired of Byram's control, and Byram's cruelty and cruelty to non-Islamic ministers in the country, much to Akbar's displeasure, and in 1560 Akbar deposed Byram as prime minister and threw him into the Holy Land of Islam, Mecca Riri. Akbar, who began to pro-government, first resolved the contradiction between Islamists and Hindus in North Korea and China, in preparation for expansion. In a few years from 1562 to 1570, Akbar personally led an army to attack the Rajput settlement, he defeated the Rajputs with his superior military ability, mercilessly slaughtered the enemies one by one, the Lajputs were very dissatisfied with the stubborn resistance of the Rajputs, he even began to massacre a large number of civilians, through brutal suppression, Akbar finally eliminated the Rajputs who had threatened the borders of the empire since as Bashar began. Subsequently, Akbar took advantage of the internal strife in the kingdom of Gigirat in the western part of the empire to annex it. From 1585 to 1591 he sent troops to occupy Kashmir and Sindh. It opened the way for the empire to Persia. Three years later, he recaptured Kandahar from the Persians, fulfilling the vows of his youth.
(Akbar the Great)
Akbar's reforms
In order to solve many problems within the empire, Akbar began a series of reforms in 1576, economically abolishing the land parcel tax system and abolishing additional taxes for non-Muslims, unifying the national tax rate. At the same time, he unified weights and measures, which greatly promoted the development of commerce within the empire. Religiously, he promised peaceful coexistence among different believers and built "chapels" for scholars of different religions to communicate. Culturally, Akbar abolished the bad habits of society, allowed widows to remarry, banned the marriage of close relatives, banned polygamy, abolished the system of martyrdom, and so on. These highly progressive reforms laid the foundation for the empire's prosperity.
Regrets to die
In his later years, Akbar was as obsessed with expansion as his predecessors, and it was not until 1592 that Akbar not only restored the territory of his grandfather's empire, but also expanded his territory to the West Indies. At the beginning of the 17th century, Akbar's son Salim became independent and was eventually deposed as crown prince. In 1605, the very ill Akbar quarreled fiercely with his ministers over the question of heirs, and eventually he had to give in to Salim succeeding to the throne, and in the same year, the emperor of South Asia died of illness.
(At the height of the Mughal Empire)
After Akbar's death, his descendants worked hard to govern, and in the late 17th century, the Mughal Empire reached its peak. Like many powerful countries, the Mughal Empire could not escape the law of prosperity and decline, from the 18th century onwards, the empire began to decline, at the same time, in distant Western Europe, the claws of capitalism have reached the world, the Western European countries in order to accumulate capital began a criminal triangular trade, they traveled between Eurasia and Africa, inevitably came to the Mughal Empire, maritime civilization and nomadic civilization is about to usher in the first collision. How did the Mughal Empire come to ruin, and how would the powerful Western European states treat the ancient Indian civilization? We'll go on next time.