For the pests of leeks are mainly leek late-eyed mushroom mosquitoes, onion ground fly, onion-whiskered scale moth, before the cloud has written about the onion-whiskered scale moth (non-underground pest), which is harmful to the ground manifestation symptoms and late-eyed mushroom mosquitoes somewhat similar, today Yunzhongdi to farmers to share two kinds of underground pests onion land plant fly and late-eyed mushroom pest symptoms and prevention and control measures. They have many similarities and differences in their symptoms and habits, and they must first diagnose which underground insect is harmful before they can be controlled.
<h1>1. Onion plant flies and late-eyed mushroom mosquitoes</h1>
1. Life habits and harmful symptoms
Species flies belong to the Diptera family, which is mainly harmful to leeks, which overwinter in the soil or dung heaps, and only one generation occurs a year in the north, and adult eggs have a strong tendency to undecomprorated manure and organic matter. Mainly larvae moth the bulbs of lily vegetables such as leeks and chives, causing the plant to wilt and yellow until the bulb rots.
Breed fly larvae
Late-eyed mushrooms belong to the diptera gastropodidae, also known as leek maggots, leek maggots and root maggots. Larvae overwinter in the bulb or root circumference of leeks in a topsoil layer of 3-4 cm, occurring 4-6 generations a year, adults have no tendency to undefiled manure, but males have a tendency to light. Larvae feed on the bulbs and rhizomes of more than 30 kinds of vegetables such as Liliaceae, Asteraceae, and Quinoa, causing rhizome rot and leaf death.
Late-eyed mushroom larvae
2. Morphological characteristics
Adult flies are small flies with a body length of about 4.5–6 mm and greyish yellow; the larvae are maggot-like, milky white, and the old mature larvae are 9–10 mm long. The larvae of the fly are white flesh maggots with a pointed and pointed body.
Onion land is planted with adult flies
Adults of the late-eyed mushroom mosquito are small mosquitoes with a body length of about 3–5 mm and a dark brown body color; the larvae are slender, cylindrical, milky white, and have a hard, pitch-black, shiny head. The body length of the old mature larvae is about 7 mm. The larvae of The fungus mosquitoes are white maggots , but are two pointed in size.
Through morphological characteristics and pest symptoms, it is possible to diagnose which underground insect is the pest and take effective control measures.
<h1>2. Prevention and control measures</h1>
1. Agricultural measures
Before the spring leeks and green onions germinate, the soil is dried and the roots are dried, which can reduce the harm of mushroom mosquitoes. Apply fully decomposed fertilizer and try to separate the fertilizer. Increase watering in moderation during the occurrence of pests. After harvesting leeks and green onions, clean up the countryside in time to reduce the source of soil or residual insects in the body and reduce the harm of stubble.
For leek maggots, grass and wood ash can be sprinkled on the surface of leek furrows in time after harvesting, which can prevent adult insects from laying eggs and have the effects of killing maggots, killing bacteria and increasing yields.
2. Physical prevention and control
In the adult bloom of late-eyed mushroom mosquitoes, adult insects can be trapped by hanging yellow plates or booby traps by light. The ratio of sweet and sour liquid to trap the adult fly is: sugar: vinegar: water = 1: 1: 1: 2.5, and then add a small amount of insect powder.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment
(1) In autumn, 15% chlorpyrifos granules of 2-4 kg or 3% octyl thiophos granules of 1.5-3 kg can be applied on the soil surface mu, evenly spread, and watered after deep turning to kill the overwintering insects.
(2) Pharmaceutical control during the peak period of adult insects and the peak period of larval hatching. You can choose thiamethoxamine, thiamethoxam, maggot net, fly killing amine and so on. Spraying time is best at 9-10 am.
(3) During the larval stage, it can be applied next to the rhizome in the place near the root or the hole, and 3% Miller granules are applied to 1-1.5 kg per mu, and then watered. In addition, thiamethoxamine or thiamethoxazine with fluridine/fludarine can be used for flushing.
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