Summer is coming, one moment of torrential rain, the next moment of bright sunshine.
A shower of sun and rain is the best weather for mushrooms in the mountains.
Wild mushrooms in the mountains waited for a year, and finally waited for the summer when the wet and dry changed the most, and began to emerge from the leaf piles in groups of three or five.
Mushrooms are fungi, and wild mushrooms are called wild mushrooms in Yunnan. The many varieties of wild mushrooms with unique flavors can only be eaten in Yunnan in the summer. At this time, it is also the busiest season in the emergency department of Yunnan Hospital, because: "Every Yunnan person has a friend who has eaten bacteria and been poisoned, and has seen little people flying in the sky." ”
Poisoned patients in the infusion room, someone looked up at the window, and a row of palm-sized little people were crawling into the room from the window. Someone stared down at the arm, and a few thumb-high little people rolled around with the hairs on the arm.
The little people everyone sees have different colors, but without exception they are very lively and active. The little people in the illusion are properly combined with the real scene, your thinking is still organized, the conversation is smooth, and the walking activity is no problem, but you can't distinguish what you see in front of you, which is true and which is false.
The wild mushroom that brings you visionary little people is called Mizumi, which is one of the delicious porcini mushrooms.
Wild mushrooms are not easy-going mushrooms that can make their home everywhere, they are very picky and grow in places where there are enough heat but the light is not strong. The hyphae of wild mushrooms only begin to sprout when there is a clear alternating change between wet and dry in the air. Wild mushrooms can only mature in environments with large temperature differences between day and night and stable precipitation.
The place with heat and humidity is in the south, the temperature cannot be high, and the only place with significant difference between dry and wet is the high-altitude Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and the area around central Yunnan is the favorite home of wild mushrooms.
Wild mushrooms, known as mountain treasures, grow in the countryside and mountains, and the mycorrhizal of wild mushrooms are combined with the roots of trees such as pine and oak, and grow together with trees. Wild mushrooms that leave the forest cannot survive independently, if you want to try to plant artificially, you have to plant a forest first, then bury the hyphae under the roots, and then wait for God to give you the right temperature and humidity, and finally know whether the wild mushrooms will emerge.
The beauty of wild mushrooms is not only its scarcity and rarity, but also its unusual taste. Compared with artificial mushrooms, wild mushrooms are fleshy, strong in aroma and rich in taste.
Porcini mushrooms are the most delicious wild mushrooms in Yunnan, according to the color of the mushrooms, the porcini mushrooms are subdivided into: black, white, yellow, red four kinds, red boletus also has a name called hand green.
Red Bovis liver fungus, reddish-brown cap and stalk, under the cap is a bright yellow fold. The reason why it is called seeing hand green is because when you touch the fungus fold with your hand, pinch the stalk, or tear open the flesh of the fungus, the original light-colored fungus will change color and turn blue.
When the Red Bull liver mushrooms are washed and cut into thin slices to wait for the pot to be lowered, the thin slices of bacteria all turn blue in a few minutes, as if they are moldy. The acidic substances in the fungus (e.g., variegatic and xerocomic acids) are oxidized by oxygen under the action of enzymes and turn blue-blue. The longer you are exposed to air, the darker the color.
There is more than one kind of myclic acid that turns blue in the air, and in addition to the red bull liver fungus, there are many wild fungi of other species that also have the same blueization reaction. It is not unusual for bacterial acids to turn blue, but what is really strange is the unique toxin in the Red Bull Liver Bacteria, which can make people produce "villainous vision". Of all the foods that can be eaten, this toxin is only found in the Red Bull Liver Fungus in Yunnan, and not in other foods. [Headlines - France is Bacon - Please do not reprint other platforms without authorization]
There are far more poisonous mushrooms in the world than can be eaten, and mushroom poisoning is a very common case of food poisoning.
There are many varieties of wild mushrooms, and among the mushrooms of the same variety, there are differences in size and color shade. Distinguishing between poisonous mushrooms and edible mushrooms is a hassle, obviously two mushrooms that are exactly the same, but one is poisonous, one is not poisonous, and no experienced novice can control the classification of mushrooms. As a novice, the most appropriate way is not to eat the mushrooms you pick.
According to the poisoning mechanism, the toxicity of wild bacteria is divided into 5 categories: gastroenteritis type, neuropsychiatric type, liver damage type, hemolytic type, photosensitive dermatitis type. A bacterium usually contains multiple toxins.
Red Bull liver venomy belongs to the neuropsychiatric type, such toxins include: poison fly alkali, toad poison, psilocybin, isoxazole derivatives and so on. Red Bull liver poisoning is very similar to Psilocybin and has the same mechanism of effect on the brain. When taken in small doses, it causes a hallucinogenic effect and belongs to the hallucinogen toxin. The determined molecular structure of The Red Bull liver bacteriosis has not yet been declassified. Next, I will use the same type of psilocybin to give you an example to see how the visual situation of a complete combination of virtual and reality is generated.
Psilocybin, also known as psilocybin, comes from Psilocybin, which is distributed in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia, and contains this toxin in more than 200 mushrooms.
Pictured above is the molecular structure of psilocybin, an organic compound of the triptamine class. Tryptamines are widely found in animals, plants, and mushrooms, and are messengers of signals between cells. The most famous tritamine in our bodies is serotonin, chemically called serotonin.
The picture above is the molecular structure of serotonin, is it very similar to psilocybin? Both have two connecting rings, one ring is 6 atoms and the other ring is 5 atoms. The structure of the unresolved Red Bull liver venom is similar, with these two connecting rings.
Serotonin binds to more than 10 different neurotransmitter receptors, one of which is called 5-ht2a. When 5-ht2a encounters psilocybin, which looks very similar to serotonin, it feels very kind and willing to be close to psilocybin. So psilocybin is attached to the 5-ht2a receptor like serotonin, directing the receptor to work.
5-ht2a works in the central nervous system, acts on the cerebral cortex, and is responsible for regulating our cognition, memory, and attention. Psilocybin binds to 5-ht2a and follows it into the cerebral cortex. Since they all mixed into the house, the psilocybin did not regard himself as an outsider, whether there was a road or not, he had to go around everywhere. Whether the owner agrees or not, the wardrobe, drawers, and mattresses will be rummaged through.
Psilocybin wanders around, and every time it takes a road out of nowhere, it opens up a new connection channel for the brain. Psilocybin can also turn a scene fragment from the depths of the brain's memory out of the mind. As a result, the brain has established a new model that is different from usual under its mixing.
On the left side of the image above is the brain's normal connection pattern, and on the right is the brain's connection pattern stimulated by psilocybin. This image comes from Imperial College London, where the research team scanned the brain in two states with magnetoencephalography, the awake brain and the brain after injecting psilocybin, and added color to render the brain connection channel.
Psilocybin opens up thousands of new channels in the brain, connecting distant areas. Under normal awareness, we do not exchange information between these unbounded areas. However, Psilocybin must build a bridge between them and let them communicate "abnormally".
Psilocybin rewires the brain, and when the memory area is directly connected to the visual processing area, you have hallucinations. At this time, you will see both real-world objects and distorted memory projections in your brain, like a virtual reality movie superimposed on real life. If the emotional area is also connected at this time, you will not only have a strong hallucination, but also participate in the performance excitedly.
Psilocybin connects the brain to more than just memory and vision. If your sensory areas are cross-connected, the color you see can become sound, or you may feel the touch when you hear the sound.
Heparin of the Red Bull works on the same principle as Psilocybin, connecting abnormal sensory pathways in the brain. The difference is that it strengthens the parts of the characters in the memory area and reduces the size of the space, so that you can see the little people.
Psilocybin is mainly metabolized and broken down in the liver, and after 24 hours, 65% of the metabolites are excreted by the urine. As it slowly withdraws from your body, the newly connected channels in your brain gradually close and your brain returns to its normal mode.
Since The Red Bull Liver Fungus is poisonous and will bring us a chaotic brain, why eat it?
Because after continuous heating, the Red Bull Liver Bacteria will lose its activity and will not have hallucinogenic effects on the body, so the Red Bull Liver Bacteria has always been classified as edible wild mushrooms. If you see a villain, you can be sure you've eaten the red bovine liver mushrooms that haven't been fried.
A red bovis contains more than 20% protein, a variety of umami amino acids, and anti-cancer activity, and its advantages far exceed its disadvantages.
Buy fresh red bovine mushrooms, wash and slice, shred green peppers and crush garlic. Medium heat pot, put more oil in the pot, put green pepper and garlic grains after the pot is hot, add mushroom slices and stir-fry thoroughly, add a little salt when the pot is about to start.
A plate of mushroom-filled Red Bull liver mushrooms is fried, and when the mushrooms are introduced, the meat is thick, crisp and smooth, tough, and delicious. Scoop two spoonfuls of rich, silky bibimbap, and a bite of rice is full of summer flavors.
#这很科学 #
Resources:
1：“bluing components and other pigments of boletes”，
2: "Yunnan Wild Mushroom Poisoning Prevention and Control Manual",
3：“homological scaffolds of brain functional networks”，journal of the royal society interface，2014/12/06，
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsif.2014.0873
4: "Diagnosis and treatment experience of 65 cases of boletus poisoning",
5: "Therapeutic analysis of 86 cases of acute Red Boletus poisoning",
6: "2 cases of mental disorder caused by Xiaomei boletus",
7：“what are hallucinogens?”
P.S. Today's update with poison master series article, this is the 6th article: Summer Mushrooms.