(Located in the locker room of James Hospital in Sophomore Lane, around 1903.) James Hospital is the short name of Tongren Hospital)
There have been many epidemics in Anqing, republic of China, such as relapse fever, red diarrhea, cholera, etc., which the government calls "public health" and has set up corresponding prevention and control agencies. In the early stage of sorting out the "Chronicle Of the Naval Anqing Hospital", I came into contact with some relevant materials, specially edited it, and made a brief review of the history of the old city.
In the spring of 1906, Dr. Dai Shihuan, together with mr. Liao, a Chinese teacher, carried a camp bed, medicines and surgical equipment to the small town of Zongyang, a riverside town about thirty miles east of Anqing. Dr. Descaine spent six weeks completely out of English. There are three afternoons of visits per week and three afternoons of receiving patients at the clinic. During this time, it was all Chinese dialogue, not speaking a single English word. "I am very happy to treat patients who come to the clinic. Without a medical assistant, I often had to have the patient inhale the anesthetic and wait there, do something else on his own, and then rush to the operation before he woke up. The heavier patients were sent to Anqing for treatment by Dr. Hualimen. I had never seen leprosy, so I didn't know how to deal with it the first time I encountered it, which made Dr. Hua Limen smile. Only to see that the patient is not in human form, his fingers and toes are falling off, and he urgently needs hospitalization. Therefore, I sent him to Anqing. Since there was no leprosy ward in our hospital at that time, and the special drug for treating the disease had not yet been invented, we had to inject it in the outpatient clinic, but the effect was minimal. There are still many leprosy patients in China, and in the past, only church hospitals had leprosy wards. Unfortunately, I only stayed in Zongyang for six weeks, but Dr. Hualimen thought that I had been away from Anqing for a long time. He asked Bishop Wu Deshi to write a letter urging me to return to Anqing, which made me very sad. In the Autobiography of Dai Shi huang, Dai Shi Huang made such an account of this life.
(Dai Shihuan, president of Tongren Hospital, also learned from Anqing officials, went out to sit in a palanquin)
In the early summer of 1912, the hospital received a patient with relapsing fever. The nurse who took care of him had been bitten by lice from the patient's clothes and also suffered from relapsing fever. When Dai Shihuan was studying at the London School of Tropical Medicine, he heard a lecture by the Russians on the use of new arsenic-containing drugs to cure relapsing fever, so in this way, the arsenic-containing drugs were diluted and then cut and administered intravenously (intravenously), and the patient was quickly cured. In the process of suturing the wound, Dai Shihuan accidentally punctured his finger, and a week later began to have fever, Dai Shihuan self-diagnosed as a returning fever, prescribed that taking a small dose of salvarsan diluted in normal saline (also known as 606 powder) was ineffective, and triggered a complication of returning fever - iritis. Treatment with low concentrations of atropine has no effect. Switching to a high concentration of atropine solution improved. Then Dai Shihuan went to Jiujiang Ridge to recuperate, lived in Mr. Ming Muli's villa, and his eyes gradually recovered.
(In the early 1920s, female doctors and nurses of Tongren Hospital took a group photo in front of the main building of Tongren Hospital)
In 1920, there were continuous deaths of patients in the two new prisons in Anqing, and prison doctors could not find out the cause of the disease. The Beiyang government learned of this matter, and specially sent a letter to accuse it, and demanded that immediate arrangements be made for the treatment of famous doctors. Because only Tongren Hospital in Anqing has a doctor of medicine, the warden Mr. Xiong (mr. Hsiung) invited Tongren Hospital to take charge of medical work in two modern prisons. Dai Shihuan assigned a Chinese doctor, Dr. Zhang, to be in charge. Later, Dai Shihuan diagnosed the cause of death of prison inmates because the prison was too poorly nourished, there were no fresh vegetables, and there was a lack of vitamin C, which led to the scurvy epidemic. Considering the face of the officials and the prison, Dai Shihuang sent a telegram to Shanghai to buy lemons, let the patients drink lemon juice, and let the prison arrange for the prisoners to eat fresh vegetables, tofu and meat, thus effectively stopping the spread of scurvy. In view of the outstanding work that Tongren Hospital has done in prison, the Department of Justice of Anhui Province awarded Dai Shihuang the order of the unicorn.
(Middle-aged Dai Shihuan with his wife Emma in Anqing.) Both couples wear cotton robes with Chinese characteristics)
In the summer of 1920, cholera patients continued to be sent to Tongren Hospital. Cholera has a high incidence in Anqing, occurring every two or three summers. While treating cholera patients, Dai Shihuan also arranged for medical staff to find the source of the infectious disease. It was finally discovered that the source of the illness was the death of a man from out of town whose clothes had been washed in well water near the house where he lived. The hospital notified the local government to forcibly prevent residents from using well water, so that the disease could be controlled. During this period, another contaminated pond for washing vegetables and laundry was also immediately disinfected to cut off the source of the epidemic. The local government of Anhui reported this as a political achievement, and the Beiyang government greatly appreciated it and specially awarded the order of the excellent crop to affirm his outstanding contributions to Tongren Hospital. As a result, Tongren Hospital has also been officially recognized by Anhui as a preventive medicine center and a professional hospital for the prevention and prevention of infectious diseases.
(On August 18, 1926, the "Minzhao Bao" published the "Notice of Buying Flies" in Tongren Hospital.)
In the summer of 1926, a Shanghai passenger suffering from cholera disease died at the dock, and more than 200 dock workers in the Gaojiashan area of Dongcheng were infected and spread to other areas, with more than 200 cases per day. Although Tongren Hospital has carried out active and comprehensive rescue, the results are average, and the mortality rate still reaches 50%. On August 18, Tongren Hospital published "Tongren Hospital Buys Flies Notice" in Minyan Bao, which reads as follows: "Anqing Tongren Hospital Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee Confession: Prevention of cholera, is in the summer month." Cholera is the key to the disease, and the fly spreads the harvest. Clearing flies is the first trick. Our hospital prevents the epidemic and buys this item. A cup of a hundred words, quickly extinguished. ”
(In 1931, all colleagues of the China Health Administration in Anhui took a group photo, and the shooting location was at the Bo'ai Hospital Epidemic Treatment Center)
In 1928, the Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee of the capital of Anhui Province was established on the basis of the Anqing City Epidemic Prevention Committee. The Anqing Epidemic Prevention Committee was established in 1927 with general affairs, quarantine, medical affairs and cleaning units. The Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee of the capital of Anhui Province has medical, affairs, publicity and inspection teams, and there are temporary clinics (medical office of the provincial capital public security bureau) and several sub-clinics (Tongren Hospital, Boru Hospital, Jiansheng Hospital, Guangren Hospital, Huimin Hospital). Sun Guoxi was elected as the director of the medical team of the Summer Epidemic Prevention Association. The Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee of the capital of Anhui Province is scheduled to carry out epidemic prevention and vaccination from June 1 to October 31 every year, providing free treatment for people suffering from cholera, typhoid fever, erythrostatic diarrhea, diphtheria, scarlet fever, typhus, meningococcal meningitis and other infectious diseases.
(On March 20, 1930, the "Chinese Anglican Church Anhui-Gansu Diocese Monthly" published a total of 22 issues, published Sun Guoxi's "Anqing Tongren Hospital Report in 1929")
Sun Guoxi, president of Tongren Hospital, wrote in the "Report of Anqing Tongren Hospital in 1929": "For the city's public health undertakings – such as: public health speeches, the city's sports conference, the provincial joint sports meeting for middle school students, and the work of the provincial primary school students' joint sports meeting - this hospital has done its best to participate, so that the people of the city have a profound understanding of health." The President of the Hospital was elected as the Director of the Medical Team of the Summer Prevention Association, and the Isolation Office of the Association was attached to the Hospital. More than 4,000 people in the city have received free cholera vaccinations. The isolation center housed more than 40 people, most of whom were red diarrhea and cholera. The toss is blessed, the healer, seventy-five percent of the way. Later, in the "Report of Anqing Tongren Hospital in 1931", he said: "The doctors and nurses of this hospital, in addition to the work stipulated in the hospital, especially for the health campaign of the people in the city, do not do their best to help." That is, if the Anqing Summer Epidemic Prevention Association is also one of the members, doctors and nurses are sent to various institutions and temporary clinics for duty, diagnosis, and injection of vaccinations. ”
(In the early 1930s, the area around The Wangyang Temple in Anqing was flooded, and victims climbed the huts to await rescue.) Yunfang Photo Studio Photography)
In July 1932, more than 70 cases of true cholera occurred in Dawang Temple, Daxin Bridge and Lei Gong Lane outside the West Gate, and more than 20 people died. By 28 October, 303 people had been infected. As an isolation center of the Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee of the capital of Anhui Province, Tongren Hospital organized doctors and nurses to actively participate in the treatment, but the effect was minimal, and the effect was not very good.
In 1935, the Summer Epidemic Prevention Committee of the capital of Anhui Province was renamed the Temporary Epidemic Prevention Office of the Capital of Anhui Province, and the director was concurrently served by the director of the Department of Civil Affairs. As one of the members, Tongren Hospital actively cooperates with the work.
(On April 10, 1942, "Anqing Xinbao" published the "Notice of huaining County Epidemic Prevention Committee", which "Prevents smallpox cloth planting cowpox" of the "Yingjiang County New East Asia Hospital Branch", formerly known as the Daerlang Lane Tongren Hospital)
In 1946, the Anqing Red Cross Society was restored (established in 1912, and work stopped after the fall of Anqing), and Ma Boyao was elected as the president, and Hu Zimu and Sun Guoxi were elected as vice presidents. The Red Cross has set up the Guanyue Temple in the north of the city, with a clinic, an ambulance team, and a fire brigade. The Red Cross Clinic employs social doctors to volunteer outpatient clinics, and in addition to the drugs that are always distributed, a part of the membership fee is purchased by themselves.
(Two photo stories in the March 1940 issue of the Asahi Shimbun, I can't read Japanese, but I can tell that the Medical Personnel of the Japanese Army were doing epidemic prevention work in Anqing City.)
Source: Anqing Old Town Idler