In the winter of 1938, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other central leaders held a banquet in Yan'an to entertain a special guest. At that time, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the supply of materials in Yan'an was very short, and although the banquet consisted of only a few simple meals, it also showed the sincerity of the Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army.
At the banquet, Chairman Mao, who usually rarely drank alcohol, took the initiative to raise his wine glass to toast to the guests, saying: "Mr. Ren is not far away from the Jiang Guan District of Henan Province, and we welcome you!" ”
After the guests got up and drank the wine, they said to Chairman Mao and the others: "The air in the Jiangguan area is too dirty, and I have come to Yan'an to breathe." He also said that if he were not because he was older (70 years old), he would also join the Eighth Route Army.
This old gentleman is Ren Zhiming, and his name may be little known, but if you talk about the names of his daughter, son-in-law, and granddaughter, you must be familiar with people who know about China's modern and modern history.
The picture shows Ren Zhiming
Ren Zhiming was a native of Xincai, Henan, a native of the late Qing Dynasty, one of the earliest members of the League in Henan Province, and served as the first chairman of the Xincai Branch of the China League Association (the members of the New Cai League accounted for about half of the total number of members in the province at that time, and was the only county-level branch of the Henan League), the first branch chief of the Xincai Branch of the Chinese Kuomintang, and the chairman of the New Cai County Senate. After the founding of New China, he was elected vice chairman of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the provincial government, and chairman of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang.
Ren Zhiming's second daughter was Ren Rui, who was affectionately called "Comrade Mother" by Chairman Mao and the Yan'an military and civilians; the second son-in-law was the martyr Sun Bingwen, a good friend of Zhu De and Zhou Enlai; the third son-in-law was the famous philosopher Mr. Feng Youlan; the younger daughter was Ren Jun, the younger daughter was "Yan'an Mei Lanfang"; and the granddaughter was Sun Weishi, the famous "Red Princess", the daughter of Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao.
The picture shows Sun Weishi
As briefly introduced earlier, Ren Zhiming's seniority in the Kuomintang and its predecessor, the League, is very deep. From 1905, the 36-year-old Ren Zhiming began to participate in revolutionary activities, and in 1907, when the activities of the League were at a low ebb, Ren Zhiming officially joined the League and served as the chairman of the branch of the Xincai County League.
When Ren Zhiming joined the League, the Manchu Qing had not yet been overthrown. Located in the southeast of Henan, Xincai was subordinate to Runing Province, Henan, adjacent to Gwangju County and Yingzhou (present-day Fuyang City), Anhui, and was the center of gravity of Qing government rule. Ren Zhiming, as a lifter, can also be regarded as having no worries about food and clothing, and he joined the alliance not to promote officials and get rich, but to make the people's lives better.
Understanding the reason why Ren Zhiming joined the League, we also understood why Ren Zhiming, as a kuomintang elder, had his heart set on the Communist Party.
In 1926, in response to the Northern Expedition, Ren Zhiming cooperated with the Chinese Communists Feng Pinyi, Lou Mengxia, Li Jingchan and others to organize the Underground Henan Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang, actively organized the progressive youth and people of Henan to establish peasant associations and women's associations, and actively participated in supporting the Northern Expedition. This was Ren Zhiming's first dealings with communists, and although it was only a short period of one year, it left a deep impression on him.
In 1927, the Northern Expeditionary Army arrived in Kaifeng, the capital of Henan Province, but by this time Chiang Kai-shek had already betrayed the revolution, the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee issued an order: "The party departments, peasant associations, and women's associations in all provinces of Henan have stopped their activities and should immediately listen to the central investigation." The Kuomintang underground Henan Provincial Party Headquarters was forced to reorganize, and Ren Zhiming immediately left Henan for Hankou to serve as a secretary in the 18th Division of the Sixth Army of the National Revolutionary Army and participate in the Northern Expedition.
The commander of the 18th Division was Zhang Yi, the old student of Chiang Kai-shek in the movie "Nineteen Forty-Two" (Zhang Yi graduated from the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, earlier than Chiang Kai-shek), a native of Luoshan, Henan. Zhang Yi had been sponsored by Ren Zhiming when he first went to Japan to study, and when Yuan Shikai killed the revolutionaries, he was protected by Ren Zhiming. Therefore, the two have maintained a long-term relationship of mentoring and friendship.
The picture shows Zhang Yun
On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek brazenly launched the "April 12 Coup", openly sabotaging the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and implementing the "Qing Party", and the vigorous Great Revolution failed. Ren Zhiming's second son-in-law, Sun Bingwen (Ren Rui's husband), who was then secretary general of the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army and director of the Rear Guard Office of the General Political Department, was also brutally killed by Chiang Kai-shek's poisonous hands and secretly killed in Shanghai. At this point, Ren Zhiming began to pin the hopes of the Chinese revolution on the Chinese Communist Party. The Kuomintang, which he had fought for but had been usurped by Chiang Kai-shek, no longer gave hope and broke away from it.
The picture shows Sun Bingwen
At that time, Ren Zhiming only had some understanding of Marxist theory and the policies of the Communist Party, and was not familiar with it, but he believed that "in order to win the interests of the majority, it is absolutely reasonable to fight the exploitation and oppression of the minority." ”
After the "April 12 counter-revolutionary coup", the revolution fell into a trough, and Ren Zhiming returned to Xincai from Hankou via Shanghai. Before joining the revolution, he had been engaged in the work of teaching and educating people for a long time, and when he was wanted by the Qing government and Yuan Shikai, he was also hidden as a teacher, and this time he returned to Xincai and chose to continue to engage in his old profession. He donated his family property and raised some funds from his friends to found the school, where he served as the president and president of the school and personally taught the school's Chinese language curriculum.
The current name of the school is now a middle school, and it is now recognized as the best junior high school in the area.
This is the current state of the school
While teaching and educating people, Ren Zhiming is now a school that vigorously propagates communist ideology and gives strong support and cover for the activities of the Communist Party of China in southern Henan. In 1928, the Xincai County Committee of the Communist Party of China was secretly established in the present school, and among teachers and some students, party members were recruited, party groups, and party branches were established. At the same time, Ren Zhiming also funded the sending of the school's progressive youth to Yan'an, including his own daughter.
In the spring of 1938, Ren Zhiming's friend Zhang Yi was promoted to commander of the 13th Army stationed in Zhenping County, Nanyang, and he invited Ren Zhiming to work in the 13th Army, and Ren Zhiming gladly went there as the director of the rear guard office of the 13th Army. He used this identity to escort progressive youth to Yan'an many times. Whenever xincai or the progressive youth of the surrounding areas of Fuyang and Shangcheng needed to go to Yan'an, he sent military vehicles of the 13th Army to escort them. From Xincai of the 13th Army to Yan'an, it was necessary to pass through Hu Zongnan's defensive zone, and Ren Zhiming sent a military vehicle to escort him, which would reduce a lot of danger on the way.
Later, Ren Zhiming was forced to leave the 13th Army and return to Xincai. However, he still introduced progressive young people to the red areas one after another, and it was no longer so convenient to go to Yan'an, and Ren Zhiming sent them to the nearby "Little Yan'an" Qishan Zhugou or Bozhou, Anhui, where the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army was stationed.
In 1939, the then chairman of the Henan Provincial Government falsely accused Chiang Kai-shek of "Ren Zhiming as a communist party member", and in desperation, Zhang Yun had no choice but to remove Ren Zhiming from his post and send him back to Xincai.
After returning to his hometown, Ren Zhiming threw himself back into running the school, but he still used the school as a stronghold of the ccp's underground party, secretly covering the communist activities around Xincai.
At that time, Xincai belonged to the Kuomintang and was not occupied by the Japanese army, but most of the surrounding areas fell, and the Kuomintang's rule over Xincai became more and more repressive, especially in the "anti-communist" area.
Many of the teachers in Xincai's county school were communists or had a heart for the Communist Party, and the Kuomintang Xincai county government regarded these people as a thorn in their side, but Ren Zhiming was very close to them. After each county school teacher was dismissed for "general communism", Ren Zhiming hired them to teach in the school today. On the one hand, these people have a job, and on the other hand, they have concentrated the strength of the Communist Party even more.
Unlike the Kuomintang, which only cared about infighting and squeezed the people, the Communist Party, although weak in Xincai, mobilized the masses as much as possible to carry out the anti-Japanese salvation movement. The Xincai County CPC Committee has set up a number of mass anti-Japanese organizations in Xincai, the largest of which is the "Xincai Anti-Enemy Support Association", and it is Ren Zhiming who serves as the president.
As mentioned above, after returning to his hometown, Ren Zhiming provided a lot of help to the underground work of the New Cai Communist Party and sent a large number of outstanding young people to the Communist Party. To this end, Zhou Enlai specially wrote a letter to Ren Zhiming to thank him for his contribution to the revolution.
In November 1939, after the "Zhugou Incident", the stubborn elements in Henan became even more arrogant. The Kuomintang Xincai County Party Department had long known that Ren Zhiming's two daughters, grandsons, and granddaughters were in Yan'an, and that Kuomintang agents had also seized the printed materials sent to Ren Zhiming by Yan'an, and in addition, Ren Zhiming had always sympathized with the Communist Party, so he listed Ren Zhiming as the "leading member of the New Cai Communist Party" and reported it to Tang Enbo, chairman of Henan Province.
Tang Enbo, the chairman of Henan Province, had long fled to Ye County in western Henan because of the fall of Kaifeng, but he was incompetent in resisting Japan and was very concerned about infighting, and in 1938 Ren Zhiming was forced to leave the 13th Army because of Tang Enbo's complaint.
Pictured is Tombaugh
In February 1941, Ren Zhiming was arrested by the Kuomintang for sympathizing with the Communists. The Kuomintang's perverse actions caused the Communists and progressive masses to be indignant and protest one after another. In addition, many officials in the Kuomintang, in addition to the above-mentioned Zhang Yi, Shang Zhen, who was the chairman of Henan Province, Liu Jixue, president of the Henan Provincial Senate (Ren Zhiming's student), and Lu Diping, director of the Provincial Education Department, also sent telegrams or letters to Tang Enbo to protect Ren Zhiming.
Tang Enbo, as the chairman of Henan Province and a concubine of Chiang Kai-shek, has always been a mighty and blessed man in Henan, but after seeing the depth of Ren Zhiming's fame, he also learned that Ren Zhiming was a member of the old league, and after his seniority in the Kuomintang was very deep, he also had to have some scruples. After Ren Zhiming was detained for more than a month, Tang Enbo was forced to personally apologize to Ren Zhiming in person and release Ren Zhiming and the two people arrested together.
In order to win over Ren Zhiming, Tang Enbo also gave him the title of "Senior Senator". Although this title is a false name, it is a certain deterrent to diehards. In 1944, Ren Zhiming was elected as the Senate President of the Xincai County Senate, and these titles and positions effectively shocked the Kuomintang Xincai County Party Department and supported the activities and development of the Communist Party in Xincai.
In February 1948, Ren Zhiming went to Chongqing to live with the help of Zhang Yi. Although the others were far away in Chongqing, they wrote to Liu Jixue many times to persuade him to stand on the side of the people at an early date. In the autumn of 1948, after Zhang Yi was appointed chairman of Henan Province by Chiang Kai-shek, Ren Zhiming wrote to Zhang Yi again. In the letter, Ren Zhiming wrote: "The building will fall, it is difficult to support alone, and abandoning the dark and casting the light is the way to live." ”
Zhang Yi always attached great importance to Ren Zhiming's words, coupled with the Communist Party's multi-pronged struggle, and finally, Zhang Yi led more than 25,000 people to revolt in Wuhan on May 15, 1949, and threw himself into the arms of the people.
At the beginning of the article, it can already be seen that Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other central leaders are very close to Ren Zhiming. This is partly because his son-in-law Sun Bingwen was a close friend of Zhu De and Zhou Enlai, and on the other hand, he was grateful for his help in the development of the Communist Party. On the eve of the founding of New China, Ren Zhiming lived in Beiping for a period of time, and after Zhou Enlai learned about it, he personally visited the place where he lived and called him "uncle", and Zhu De also invited him to his home to talk freely, and the elders treated him, which made Ren Zhiming very moved.
Ren Zhiming and Sun Weishi took a group photo
In 1950, at the age of 81, Ren Zhiming was elected vice chairman of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a member of the Henan Provincial Government, and after the establishment of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, his student Liu Jixue was elected as the chairman of the committee, and he also joined the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee and was elected as a standing committee member, and in 1959 he was elected as the chairman of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee.
The person in the center of the front row is Ren Zhiming
On January 1, 1969, Ren Zhiming died in Zhengzhou at the age of 100.
Ren Zhiming's life was a life of revolution, and he once said: "From the Xinhai Revolution to overthrow the Manchu Qing, to oppose Yuan Shikai, until the Northern Expedition, I participated. I am full of enthusiasm and dedication to revolution. But the path taken is not right, and the revolution is always unsuccessful. After Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution, I was completely disappointed in the Kuomintang and pinned my hopes on the Communist Party. At that time, although I did not understand Marxist theory or the policies of the Communist Party, I had been following the Communist Party for more than 20 years. Now it turns out that I went down the right path. After liberation, I studied some Marxist-Leninist and Mao Zedong works. In this way, from practice to theory, I truly understood that "only the Communist Party can save China." “
References: Wang Yida, Ren Jun, "The Best Friend of the Communist Party of China - The Biography of Ren Zhiming"
Sun Yuling's "Narrative of the Xinhai Revolution in Zhumadian"
Ren Du is the sixth daughter of Ren Zhiming, and she is also the daughter of Ren Zhiming personally sent to Yan'an at the beginning of the article, and Wang Yida is Ren Jun's husband.
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