Today is November 14, 2019, I don't know if you are cold there, I am very cold here, the leaves on the trees are about to fall out, and the pests in the field are hibernating. The "stinky golden turtles" I mentioned above are already hibernating at this time, but don't look at them at this time, they are very honest, and in the spring they will suck the sap from the drill, so that the crops will grow slowly, the leaves will wither and the fruit will be unreal. While they are hibernating, today the swallows will give you an analysis of the living habits of the "stinky golden turtle" and the corresponding prevention and control methods.
<h1>First, know and understand the "stinky golden turtle"</h1>
The reason why the sieve bean turtle bug is called "stinky golden turtle" is because it is very similar to the scarab beetle, but the color is different, and because the liquid it secretes is very smelly.
Stinky golden turtles prefer to live in groups, suitable for living in a warm and dry environment, they can generally survive for 1.5-3 months, 9-10 months or more than 10 months.
Stinky golden turtles can breed 2-3 generations a year. In order to better distinguish the "stinky golden turtle" that appears in the year, we call last year's "stinky golden turtle" an adult, the newly hatched "stinky golden turtle" of that year is called the first generation of nymphs, and the "stinky golden turtle" hatched from the eggs of the first generation of nymphs is called the second generation of nymphs.
If the second generation of nymphs can lay eggs and hatch new "stinky golden turtles" called the third generation of nymphs, the second and third generations of "stinky golden turtles" that did not die in that year and overwintered, they are also called adults in the next year.
The eggs laid by adults are about 0.6 mm long and no more than 0.4 mm wide, cylindrical in shape, and the eggs that have just been laid are milky white and slowly turn fleshy yellow, and an adult worm can lay about 10-32 eggs, and these eggs are pinnate and double arranged.
After about 20 days, the eggs hatch and become nymphs. Nymphs are divided into 5 instars, the initial nymphs are pale yellowish green or yellowish, and at 3rd instar they form a turtle-like body, but the shield is still very fragile, and the 5-year-old nymphs are hard and green as a whole, the center of the back is gray-black, and the abdomen has 2 rows of red transverse spots.
After about 30 days, the larvae grow into adults. The adults are yellowish-green or yellowish-brown , with a horizontal line of dots on the dorsal plate of the forebreast , and the small shield becomes very hard.
Judging from the physical characteristics, it should be nymphs and larvae that are still weak in shields before the age of 3, have weak resistance, and are easier to be eaten by predators and killed by chemical agents.
According to past statistics, adults of "stinky golden turtles" parasitize under crops or dead branches and leaves for the winter, and then begin to mate in April of the following year, lay eggs in May, the first generation of nymphs lay eggs in July, the second generation of nymphs begin to lay eggs at the end of August, the third generation of nymphs begin to lay eggs in mid-September, and adults begin to cluster in Winter from November.
Then we calculate according to the time required for the growth and development process of the "stinky golden turtle", the shield of the larvae in mid-June, mid-August and early October every year is not yet full, and the drug resistance is poor, which is the best time for prevention and control with drugs. Of course, the situation is inconsistent in different places, and there will be certain differences in time, but when the adults are concentrated in wintering, it is a better time for us to kill adult insects and reduce the source of insects.
<h1>Second, how harmful is the "stinky golden turtle"</h1>
1. Hazard characteristics
Cause the leaves to wither and yellow: The leaves are the favorite place of the "stinky golden turtle", in addition to the adult insects laying eggs on the leaves, the young nymphs will also suck the sap of the leaves, and the leaves that have absorbed too much sap will wither and fall off, and the number of leaves will be reduced, which will affect the photosynthesis of crops and cause low yields.
Causing the stalks to dwarf and thin: the adults and nymphs of the "stinky golden turtle" have prickly suction mouthparts, they lie on the stems of legumes and crops, and they use the mouthparts to continuously suck the sap, and the stalks that have lost the sap will have green legs, turn black, become thin and short, and have low yields.
Affect the quality of the pods: Nymphs over 3 years old are very hard, can pierce the pods, and the quality and weight of the fruit will decrease when multiple nymphs suck the juice of the same pod, and the phenomenon of flower pod shedding will occur, resulting in a serious reduction in yield.
2. The scope of harm is large
In addition to harming soybeans, beans, mung beans, lentils and other legumes, "stinky golden turtles" will also harm other crops such as locusts, poplars, peaches, etc., which shows that there are more varieties of crops that are harmful, and from the perspective of the planting area of various crops, its harm range is all over the place, and the scope is very large.
According to the "China Report Network", in 2017, the sown area of mung beans in China was 501.8 thousand hectares, of which the top three regions of Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Heilongjiang had sown areas of 139.7 thousand hectares, 100.4 thousand hectares and 47.2 thousand hectares respectively.
Information from China Agriculture Press: According to the statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the planting area of Phaseolus vulgaris as a vegetable in the world is 682,000 hm, the total output is 4.706 million tons, and the average output is 6902kg/hm. The countries with the largest planting area in the world are India, China, Turkey, Indonesia and the United States.
According to the "Implementation Plan for the Soybean Revitalization Plan" recently released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: the soybean planting area will increase by 10 million mu in 2019, and strive to reach 140 million mu of soybean planting area by 2020.
Such a large area of bean crops also shows another problem, that is, the "stinky golden turtle" has a large living environment, assuming that we do not pay attention to the prevention and control of the "stinky golden turtle", let them breed and survive freely, I am afraid that in a short period of time, there will be thousands of "stinky golden turtles".
3. Strong ability to sustain harm
From the perspective of a single "stinky golden turtle", it depends on sucking the sap of crop leaves from the larval stage, and when the mouth organ becomes developed at an advanced age, it will suck the sap of the stem or pod, it can be said that a single "stinky golden turtle" continues to harm crops throughout his life.
Through the above we learned that the "stinky golden turtle" can breed 2-3 generations a year, the phenomenon of generational rotation makes the "stinky golden turtle" more adaptable to the environment, and also has a certain degree of resistance, to achieve sustained survival; each generation of "stinky golden turtle" is based on sap sucking for a living, some adult insects will return to the field after spending winter to harm crops, so "stinky golden turtle" is a pest that continues to harm crops after generational change.
The animal world in macro...
<h1>Third, how to prevent and control the "stinky golden turtle"</h1>
1. Select insect-resistant varieties and cultivate strong seedlings
At present, some insect-resistant varieties have been developed for the "stinky golden turtle", and when planting bean crops in areas where insect infestation has occurred, insect-resistant varieties can be selected for sowing. When cultivating bean crops, it is necessary to apply plantar fertilizer and carry out scientific management in the later stage to make the plants of crops strong and have high resistance to insect pests.
2. Do a good job of cleaning up
First of all, emphasize that the "stinky golden turtle" has a suspended death, in the field found that the dead "stinky golden turtle" should not be blinded by it, to shake the "corpse" out of the field, secondly, the number of "stinky golden turtle" is very large, it is easy to find, strengthen the field patrol, when the eggs are found, they should be removed and cleaned up in time; there is also the "stinky golden turtle" Adult insects are mostly overwintering in the stump leaves and the weeds around the field, and after harvesting, the residues in the field and the surrounding weeds should be thoroughly cleaned up, and the adult insects that are wintering should be eliminated. Reduce the source of insects in the coming year.
3. Standardize the use of drugs and protect natural enemies
Parasitic bees and some spiders are the natural enemies of the "stinky golden turtle", but some pesticides will kill their natural enemies while killing insects, and in the process of medication, they should avoid the larval stage of natural enemies to prevent pesticides from accidentally injuring natural enemies, so as to use the natural enemies of "stinky golden turtles" to kill them.
Many farmers in the spray of pesticides, will choose to kill more types of insecticidal chemicals, such pesticides can kill the possibility of natural enemies is very large, spraying pesticides for "stinky turtles" should be as far as possible to choose a separate pesticide to kill them, while in the concentration of medication and spray time, the number of times in strict compliance with the instructions, reduce the possibility of killing their natural enemies.
4. Prevention and control of chemical agents
When the nymphs are young, poor resistance and inflexibility are the best time to spray, it is recommended to spray 25% thiamethoxine water dispersible granules 4500 times liquid or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times liquid and other chemical agents for prevention and control in the early stage of insect infestation.
Today is November 14, 2019, I am very cold here, but I will still go to the field to see if there are any dead leaves and weeds that have not been cleaned up, and if there is, I will hurry up to clean up, because the adults of the "stinky golden turtle" are hibernating there at this time, and winter is a better time to kill them. In the early days of the next year's insect infestation, I will also clean up the eggs and fake death of the "stinky golden turtle", when the number of insect pests is increasing, I will use chemical agents to kill, in the process of medication I will standardize the use of drugs to avoid accidentally killing the natural enemies of the "stinky golden turtle".