Origin of Mud River Bay Village
ni he wan
According to the "Yangyuan County Chronicle", Nihewan Village was founded in the Qing Dynasty and was named after the terrain. In the past years, the Sangan River was mighty and flowed day and night. When the Sangan River flooded, the water quickly flowed to both sides, and the river swept up with sediment and spread to the vicinity of the current Nihewan Village, gradually forming a large river bend, flowing southeast through the Wolf Cave Gully Sand River in the east. After the water recedes, on the land where the river has impacted, the sediment, fertilizer and minerals brought by the river from the upstream continue to silt up, forming a fertile field with abundant water and grass.
After many years, in the Qing Dynasty, the number of floods of the Sanggan River gradually decreased, the river bend was rarely flooded by the river, and the local people saw that the place was surrounded by mountains and water, beautiful scenery, lush flowers and grasses, butterfly dance and beeping, mr. Feng Shui called it a feng shui treasure land that "has a photo before and leans on the back", which is very suitable for living. Therefore, he reclaimed the land in this river bay, established a home on the high land at the bottom of the bay, and took the name of the nihe bay as his residence, and the nihewan natural village got its name.
Later, in the western part of Nihewan Natural Village, three small natural villages were gradually formed, namely Shangshazui, Shaquan and Dongping Eryuan, which were collectively known as Nihewan Village with Nihewan Natural Village. The local people have a folk proverb: "Upper sand mouth, lower sand circle, sandwiched between a Dongping two yuan", vividly illustrates the composition pattern of the western part of Nihewan Village. Throughout the ages, the people living here have experienced too many vicissitudes and changes, and they have left many stories that belong to them.
So, in the development of Nihewan culture, what role does Nihewan Village play?
-01-
The | of Nihewan Village is the starting point of the Nihewan culture
In 1921, when french priest Vincent came to the Mud River Bay Church to preside over the teachings, he slowly discovered the value of the Mud River Bay, found a large number of shells, mussels and mammal fossils around the village, and told the french paleontologists San Zhihua, De Rijin and american geologists Balbo about the fossil discovery and the special geological landform of the nihe bay village.
These foreign experts have come to Nihewan Village to slowly unveil the mystery of Nihewan.
-02-
Nihewan Village | is the birthplace of Nihewan culture
In the past hundred years, more than 500 experts and scholars from more than 20 countries and regions have carried out geological investigation and archaeological excavation research in Yangyuan County, Datong, Shanxi Datong, Wei County, Xuanhua County and other places with Nihewan Village as the starting point, and found a large number of mammals, soft bodies, micromers, pollen, fish and other animal and plant fossils, and established the world Quaternary standard strata and far-reaching Nihewan fauna.
More than 200 neolithic and paleolithic archaeological sites of various kinds have been discovered, including 25 early Paleolithic sites represented by the Maquangou site, the Xiaochangliang site, the Donggutuo site, the Feiliang site, and the Cen Jiawan site.
A staggering number of paleohuman fossils, mammal fossils and various stone tools have been unearthed, documenting the entire process of development and evolution from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic.
These cultural relics of ancient times are densely distributed and rich in connotation, including paleoanthropology, paleolithic archaeology, paleontology, Quaternary geology, paleomagnetism, paleoclimate and dating, providing valuable scientific data for exploring the origin and evolution of humans in East Asia.
-03-
Nihewan Village | It is the bearer of the Mud River Bay culture
Since 1924, Chinese and foreign scientists have used scientific names such as the Quaternary Nihewan Layer, the Nihewan Fauna, the Nihewan Lake, and the Nihewan Ruins Group named after The Nihewan Village.
The brilliant achievements of the Institute of Scientific Research, starting from Nihewan Village, have not only greatly promoted major changes in geological and archaeological research in China and even the world, but also made Nihewan, an ordinary small mountain village, famous at home and abroad.
It can be seen that Nihewan Village carries the culture of the entire human origin, rewrites the history of human origin and the development of human civilization in China and East Asia, and becomes a sacred place for people around the world to seek their roots and ancestors like the Old dewey Canyon in East Africa.
Ruins of Nihewan Village
At present, there are two sites found in Nihewan Village: one is the Shangshazui Ruins Site (located behind the Nihewan Village Committee).
In the summer of 1972, when Gai Pei and Wei Qi of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences excavated the Hutouliang site, based on clues provided by Qin Guishan, Chen Guixi and Li Fuying in Nihewan Village, a complete fossil of the nama elephant skull and a stone artifact were found in Shangshazui on the northwest side of Nihewan Village. The stone artifact found was a single table with multiple scar nuclei with at least 3 stone scars. Later excavations in the same layer unearthed 3 small stone tablets similar to stone leaves. With the continuous excavation in this place, 34 stone products were finally unearthed, including 5 stone cores, 14 stone chips, 4 stone tools, and 11 broken blocks. Its lithology, size, morphology and weight are roughly similar to specimens of Early Pleistocene Paleolithic sites found in the Nihewan Basin. The re-determination of the stratigraphic nature of the Shangshazui site not only restores the archaeological status of the Shangshazui site, but also confirms that the nama elephant species was formed as early as 1 million years ago in the Nihewan Basin, and has been confirmed by the paleomagnetic dating from 1.6-1.7 million years ago.
The other is the Baicaogou site (located next to County Road 456).
The Site of Baicaogou is the main excavation site of the fossil fauna of Nihe Bay, mainly composed of Ding's weasel, Mud River Bay giant chin tiger, proboscis three-toed horse, three-toed horse, plate-toothed rhinoceros and so on.
"Soil Expert"
Nihewan Village is also the first village to cultivate archaeological "soil experts".
In addition to the contributions of foreign scholars, the contributions of "soil experts" are also indispensable. The representative figure is Chen Guixi, who is the person who has the most contact with experts and scholars among the villagers, and is now also the "soil expert" in the eyes of the villagers.
One day in June 1972, when Chen Guixi and Li Fuying were playing in the wild, after jumping from the gap in the earth cliff at the current Shangshazui site, they were pricked by something, and on closer inspection, there was a sharp thing in the sand, which was a big tooth, they dug up and dug up, and then went backwards along the bone, and found that some places could be taken down one by one (actually The Nama elephant chewed tooth fossils), so they took a few to play. It laid the foundation for the two to become archaeological "soil experts" later.
From 1985 to 1986, Chen Guixi participated in the archaeological team organized by Xie Fei and other organizations of the Hebei Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, and used his spare time to participate in archaeology many times. He found the remains of Yangshao culture in the temple beams of the town of Bone, and unearthed pottery bowls (now in the Mud River Bay Museum). His archaeological work involves Yangyuan, Weixian, Tangshan and other places, among which the famous Xiaochangliang ruins and Maquangou ruins have left his footprints.
Now The nihe bay has beautiful scenery, complete infrastructure facilities, prosperous industry, and rich people's lives, which is a treasure land of feng shui. In the future, the villagers will uphold the yearning for a better life and build their homes more energetically.
The history of millions of years ago has not yet been fully recognized by the world, but this does not affect the efforts of today's Nihewan villagers to write today with the words and actions of the times, and to create tomorrow's glory.
Next, Nihewan Village will fully implement the "22211" project, relying on the two advantages of profound culture and fertility and water, play two famous brands of tourism and characteristic agriculture, do a good job in the two famous articles of Nihewan cultural sample place, bearing place and Christmas culture, and build 11 tourism highlights such as Nihewan Science Museum, Village History Museum, Farmhouse Courtyard, Observation Deck, Small Amusement Park, Weed Gully Wetland Park, Nama Elephant Ruins, Baicaogou Fossil Site, Standard Stratigraphic Ruins, Facility Agriculture, Yixin Garden, etc., so that Nihe Bay truly becomes modern and ancient. Agriculture and harvesting, archaeology and sightseeing as one of the tourist holy land, the whole territory of the beautiful countryside.
Source: Yangyuan Cultural Tourism
Zhangjiakou Micro Tourism / "Past Review"
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