The E-born military academy students and the mud legs of the Eyu-Anhui Red 31st Division fought for the first time
In July 1928, the 7th Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was reorganized into the 31st Division of the 11th Army of the 11th Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in the south of Guangshan, according to the instructions of its superiors, with a total of 120 people. The headquarters of the army and division were located in Yinjiazui, and later moved to the ancestral hall of ChengQiwan (now part of Xinxian County). After the reorganization of the troops, the guerrillas were dispersed and the old areas were restored.
By the end of the year, the Edong Special Committee had regained control of most of the qili, ziyun, chengma, shunhe and other districts, and the red 31st division had grown to nearly 300 people. Places west of Chaishan Fort (present-day Chendian Township, Xinxian County) such as Guanyan Fort became separate areas due to the frequent activities of the Red Army. During this period, the Edong Special Committee, through the central inspector Cao Zhuangfu, proposed to the central government on December 15 that the counties of Huang'an (present-day Hong'an), Macheng, Shangcheng and Guangshan in Henan, and Lu'an in Anhui be designated as special zones on the border between Eyu and Anhui, which were not adopted by the central government.
From February to October 1929, there were four meetings, namely the Gui clan, the Luo Li hui, the Eyu hui, and the Xu Xia hui, all of which had the National Army of E'an nationality participate in the war, and most of the generals of the Nationalist Army were regular military cadets, some graduated from the Baoding Military Academy, some graduated from the Army Academy, and the leaders of the Red 31st Division were basically mud-legged.
1. Gui clan will suppress - the E-ethnic Gui generals will suppress the Red 31st Division
The first was a campaign by the E-ethnic Gui generals led by Hu Zongduo (a native of Huangmei, Hubei) and Tao Jun (a native of Hubei Province) against the Red 31st Division.
On February 18, 1929, the Gui clan dispatched two regiments of about 3,000 men to attack the Chaishanbao area in two ways from the south, and Feng Yuxiang's troops stationed in southern Henan, Cheng Xixian," blocked it in the north. These two regiments were the 1st and 2nd regiments of the 12th Brigade of the 4th Division, and the brigade commander Li Shiqiao (Hubei Haoshuiren). The 4th Division was during the Northern Expedition, after Li Zongrengui was stationed in Hubei from the Northern Expedition in Guangxi, the Tao Jun Division of the 1st Regiment of the former 1st Brigade was expanded into the 2nd Division of the 7th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, with Tao Jun as the division commander, and later expanded into the 18th Army, with Tao Jun as the commander. In September 1928, the 18th Army was downsized under the Central Committee's Dispatch Conference to the 4th Division of the Fourth Army Li Zongrenbu (changed to the 17th Division of the National Revolutionary Army on October 8, 1928 in the order of the Central Committee), with Tao Jun as the division commander, and the 12th Brigade of the Department was stationed in the area of Hong'an Macheng in eastern Hubei.
The Red 31st Division shifted its outer line in three directions, protruding the encirclement, and attacking the enemy's relatively empty flank rear to the south. The first road was the first and third brigades, moving west from the north of Hong'an, annihilating the Qingxiang Regiment in Huang'an Xianju District at Yuwangcheng, surrendering twenty-eight guns, and then conquering the landlord's strong siege of Xiongjiafa and Tujiawan. The second road was two special task forces of the division headquarters, which went deep into the south of Huang'an County, annihilated the Gaoqiaohe Qingxiang Regiment, and surrendered twenty-four guns. The third road, the second and fourth brigades, rushed southeast into the northern area of Macheng, annihilated the Maxi Zhangdian Qingxiang Regiment and other reactionary forces, and surrendered more than sixty guns.
At this meeting, Cheng Zhaoji (a Hong'an) member of the Edong Special Committee and commander of the fourth brigade of the Red 31st Division was captured and killed, Lin Zhuzhong (a native of Macheng) acted as the leader of the fourth brigade, and Chen Qiansheng succeeded him as the leader of the fourth brigade.
On March 28, 1929, the Jiang Gui Warlords' Two Lakes War broke out, and in April, the Jiang Gui Scuffle ended with the Expulsion of the Gui clan from Wuhan. The Red Army and the Red Guards of various counties took the opportunity to expand the results of the battle, eliminated several reactionary militia groups, and the Red 31st Division took advantage of the situation to retake the old areas.
By May 1929, the whole division had grown to nearly four hundred men, and the fifth brigade had been established, with the captain Wu Xinxing and the party representative Zheng Xingrui. Li Xiannian (a hong'an native) led the Hong'an Jiulong Township guerrilla group to form the newly expanded Fifth Brigade of the Red 31st Division, serving as deputy squad leader. At the same time, the first and third brigades of the Red Army were expanded to 6 regular squads. At this stage, the Red 31st Division adopted the organization of divisions, regiments, battalions, and companies, but the battalions and companies were not organized, and the brigade was called a regiment to the outside world. The border between Eyu extends from Chaishan Fort in the north to the outskirts of Bali Bay, Taohua and Macheng in Huang'an to the south, to the loess gang in Macheng to the east, and to the vicinity of Wang Yangdian in Xiaogan to the west, with a length of 100 miles and a width of 130 miles. On May 30, the Edong Special Committee was reorganized into the Northeast Hubei Special Committee, with Secretary Xu Pengren, Cao Xuekai, Xu Baoshan, Wang Xiusong, and Cao Xiangshi as members.
2. Luo Li will suppress - the first unit of the E's army will suppress the Red 31st Division
The second was in the Luo Li Hui crackdown, with the 13th Division of the National Revolutionary Army supplementing the regiment to assist in the suppression, which was a part of the E's army.
In mid-June 1929, Xu Xiangqian reached Edong as the deputy commander of the Red 31st Division. At that time, Wu Guanghao, former commander of the 11th Army and commander of the Red 31st Division, led more than 10 people to Shangnan, and died in Luotian Tengjiabao on the way due to exposure to the attack, and the news of the sacrifice was temporarily not announced. When Xu Xiangqian arrived in eastern Hubei, it was just as Luo Lihui was about to begin.
Two regiments of Luo Lin's independent 4th Brigade set out from Huangpi and Huang'an respectively and attacked northward; one battalion of Li Kebang's provisional 2nd Brigade stationed in Huangchuan and Guangshan, entangled thousands of people in the Guangshan Red Gun Society, and intercepted them to the south; Shen Cheng Regiment of the 13th Supplementary Regiment of Xia Douyin's 13th Division stationed in Macheng and the landlords' armed forces around Macheng Huangtugang in an attempt to encircle and annihilate the Red 31st Division in the junction area of Huang'an, Macheng, and Guangshan.
Luo Lin's Independent 4th Brigade was originally the 2nd Regiment of the 8th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which was later expanded into the 2nd Division of the 17th Army, and was incorporated by the Gui general Xia Wei. Li Kebang's provisional 2nd Brigade was a bandit unit in Henan incorporated by the Kuomintang army. Luo Lihui suppressed the first part of the Zhong'e Army, which was the supplementary regiment of Xia Douyin's 13th Division, and the regimental commander Shen Cheng, which was composed of the remnants of the Weiding and Shaanxi armies of the Nationalist Second Army, and stationed in Macheng. The main force of the 13th Division was stationed in the Jingmen Dangyang area at the time, and on June 25, it was transferred to eastern Hubei on the order of Liu Zhi.
Most of the Red 31st Division was guerrilla outside, and only two brigades were active in Huang'an Qili and Ziyun. The enemy soon occupied qili, ziyun and other areas, and the enemy invaded Chaishan Fort in the north road. The Northeast Hubei Special Committee decided to adopt the policy of avoiding the strong and replacing the weak, and immediately concentrated two brigades, under the command of Xu Xiangqian, to launch a counterattack against Li Kebang's troops and the Red Gun Society, which were weak in combat effectiveness. The Red Army and the masses fought five consecutive battles, won three great victories, killed more than a hundred people below the enemy battalion commander, and surrendered more than forty guns. The enemy on the north road collapsed and fled. In the Qili, Ziyun, Chengma, Shunhe and other districts, the masses and the Red Guards launched raids and harassment activities against Luo Lin's troops and the 13th Division's supplementary regiment, and the enemy retreated to Hekou, Qiliping, Huang'an, Macheng and other towns. Luo Li would be crushed.
On 1 July, the Red 31st Division launched a general offensive against Baisha Pass (白沙關, in present-day Xinxian County, between the Qiaoshan River and the Guojia River). On the East Road, Ni Zhiliang led more than 60 men and 40 guns of the Seventh Brigade of the Red 31st Division to march from Da'aokou, via Hujiawan, Longtanchong, and Xinji; Guo Buyi (Guo Xiaowu) of the Middle Road led more than 100 people and 70 or 80 guns of the Fourth Brigade of the Red 31st Division to attack from Xiaodian and Shashipo to Baishaguan, zheng Xingrui led the three brigades of the Red 31st Division to march from Guojiahe, and Cao Xuekai of the West Road led a large group of more than 100 people and 70 guns of the Red 31st Division to march from Xiaoguan passing through Xiaoguan Pass and Baitu village. Xiong Xianchun and Wang Guangyuan led more than 200 peasant self-defense troops in yin district to attack from the north of Baisha Pass. In the area of LuoChong, north of Baisha Pass, which is separated from the Chaishan Bao base area by a mountain, Luo Minggao and Huang Shasheng of the Southern Henan Red Academy Headquarters led some red gun clubs and Luochong peasant armed forces to coordinate operations. Capture Baisha Pass, killing and wounding hundreds of enemy soldiers. The reactionary militia yi benying, Hu Daocheng, Fan Chengbo, Cheng Bingyin and other remnants of the enemy fled to the north of the steep mountain river. The south of the Guangshan Steep Mountain River was 40 to 50 miles long and 60 or 70 miles horizontal to become the base area.
The Red 31st Division grew to nearly 400 men, with six brigades and guards and special forces.
3. Eyu will suppress - the main force of the Eyu Army will suppress the Red 31st Division
The third time was with the 13th Division of the Hubei Army as the main force to suppress the Red 31st Division.
Xia Douyin's 13th Division was a part of the Hubei Army's First Division, which was reorganized by the Wuchang Shouyi of the Xinhai Revolution. Xia Douyin, a native of Xiajiawan, Yangmeihe, Muzidian, Macheng, Hubei Province, was invested in the thirty-second bid of the Sixteenth Association of the Eighth Town of the New Army in Hubei Province in his early years, and served as the secretary of the division. In 1911, in the First Uprising of Wuchang, the Hubei Army formed eight divisions and two mixed brigades. Li Yuanhong defected to Yuan Shikai and advocated disarmament, reducing the E-army to five divisions in April 1912, and in February 1913, Li downsizing the E-army to three divisions and two other mixed brigades. In February 1914, Duan Zhigui became the governor of Hubei and reduced the E's army into one division and another brigade, with Shi Xingchuan, commander of the First Division, and Liu Zuolong, commander of the First Brigade (later returned to the Kuomintang as the 15th Army of the National Revolutionary Army). The 1st Division was stationed in Jingzhou. From the beginning of the War of Protection of France, the unit was the First Army of the Hubei Jingguo Army, and soon after, Shi Xingchuan split off from the Jingguo Army system and was renamed the commander-in-chief of the Hubei Protectorate Army, in January 1918, the Beiyang Army attacked Jingxiang by separate routes, Shibu was defeated, and the main force of the Shi Army was moved to western Hunan led by Xia Douyin, and was later reorganized into a mixed brigade of the Hubei Army, with the brigade commander Xia Douyin. Wan Yaohuang (a native of Cangzibu, Xinzhou, Hubei), Zhu Huaibing (a native of Zhuqiwan, Yangluo, Hubei), Ye Peng (a native of Yejiawan, Huangpi, Hubei, who later became a traitor), and Rong Jingfang were all from this ministry.
In July 1926, the Northern Expeditionary Army entered Hunan, and Xia Douyin joined the Northern Expeditionary Army and was organized into the Independent First Division of Tang Shengzhi's Eighth Army, with division commander Xia Douyin, with jurisdiction over 3 regiments of Wan Yaohuang, Zhang Sen, and Yan Xunfu. At the beginning of 1927, the 1st Division of the E-Army was renamed the Independent 14th Division. On June 8, 1927, the Nanjing government appointed Xia Douyin as the commander of the newly organized Tenth Army. In February 1928, the name was changed to the 27th Army, the commander was still Xia Douyin, and the 65th and 66th Divisions were under the jurisdiction of the two divisions, the division commanders were Wan Yaohuang and Zhang Sen, and Pan Zuxin, Lu Bentang (a native of Hanchuan, Hubei), Qian Zhenya, Xiao Xun, Xia Dingxin (a native of Huangtugang Village, Macheng Yi Town, Hubei Province), and Wang Yaqiao were appointed as regimental commanders. In August 1928, it was downsized to the 13th Division, under the jurisdiction of the 37th Brigade Commander Wan Yaohuang, the 38th Brigade Commander Zhu Huaibing, Pan Zuxin, Ye Peng, Xia Dingxin, Lu Bentang as the commanders of the 73rd to 76th Regiments. In January 1929, the division incorporated 1 brigade of shen chengzhi of the 2nd Army in northern Anhui, reorganized it into a supplementary regiment of the division, and in March changed to a three-brigade and two-regiment system, adding Lu Bentang, commander of the 39th Brigade, Liu Rui, Ye Peng, Xia Dingxin, Wang Yaqiao, and Zhang Yayi as the commanders of the 73rd to 78th regiments (the 77th regiment was missing), and the regimental commander Shen Cheng was supplemented.
In June 1929, Luo Lin's troops had been transferred westward to Xiangyang and Fancheng, and Xia Douyin's 13th Division was ordered by Liu Zhi, commander of the 1st Division of the National Revolutionary Army, to be the main force in the Area of Hong'an in Macheng, Eastern Hubei, from Jingmen in Western Hubei and Dangyang to suppress the Red Army.
In mid-August 1929, the EyuHui crackdown began. The 37th Brigade served as the Huang'an County Border Commandery, the Left Wing 73rd Regiment and the Right Wing 74th Regiment attacked separately; the 38th Brigade served as the Macheng County Border Committee, the Left Wing 75th Regiment and the Right Wing 76th Regiment, which were divided into suppression; the 78th Regiment and the Supplementary Regiment of the 39th Brigade served as the 32nd Red Division in Southeast Henan. The enemy's 46th Division in western Anhui province and Li Kebang's provisional 2nd Brigade and Gu Jingzhi's militia regiment were intercepted separately. Zhang Guan's 5th Brigade, 142nd Brigade of the 48th Division of Xu Yuanquan's headquarters in the garden, was under the command of Xia Douyin.
Xu Xiangqian presided over the Laijiahe meeting and decided to move the Red 31st Division to the border of Macheng in Guangshan (present-day Xinxian County). The Red 32nd Division also moved towards the Guangma border. After fighting against the Hui at Baisha Pass, Shunhe Egongshan, and Mojiaolou, the Red 31st Division moved to the north of Macheng and rendezvoused with the Red 32nd Division at Sidian BazimenLou. After that, the two divisions attacked the new set together and failed to conquer for four days. The enemy discovered that the main force of the Red Army was on the border of Guangshan and Macheng, and transferred the 78th Regiment and the Supplementary Regiment that had invaded the base area in southeast Henan to the west, and the Red 32nd Division returned to southeastErn Henan. The Red 31st Division divided its troops into several routes and turned to the outer line, attacked southward, and successively annihilated the militia groups in Huangpi Changyan, Xiadian, Huang'an Bali Bay, Macheng Xiedian and other places, and surrendered more than 100 guns.
In late September, Xia Douyin's 13th Division retreated to a stronghold outside the base area. The Eyuhui, which lasted more than 40 days, was crushed.
At that time, the entire division of the Red 31st Division consisted of more than 600 men, more than 500 long and short guns, divided into five regiments (five brigades), about 100 people per regiment (actually waiting for the Kuomintang company formation), and divided into three platoons and nine squads below the regiment; each regiment had 99 combat soldiers, two people in orders, two in service, three in the gang, and one porter; five in the division headquarters, five in the service, three in the gang, and three in the porter; and in the division headquarters directly under the division, there were two special teams (specialized in fundraising work), twelve in each team, and completely using shell guns. Xu advanced to the Eyu Border Region, and the troops were gradually regularized.
4. Xu Xia will suppress - two E-generals will suppress the Red 31st Division
The fourth time was the 13th and 48th Divisions, and the division commanders Xia Douyin and Xu Yuanquan were both Hubei generals.
Xu Yuanquan, a native of Cangbu, Xinzhou, Hubei Province, was appointed brigade commander of the Fifth Mixed Brigade in Shandong in 1924, promoted to commander of the Sixth Army of the Zhilu Coalition Army in October 1925, subordinate to the Seventh Front Army of Chu Yupu, commanded by the Zhonglu Army during the Northern Expedition in 1927, and led his troops to the National Revolutionary Army in June 1928, serving as the commander of the Sixth Army of the Third Army, and in 1928 he was reorganized and transferred to the First Army and downsized into the 48th Division, with three brigades under his jurisdiction, zhang guanwu, Li Xiang, and Jin Guangyin as brigade commanders.
In early October 1929, the two regiments of the 48th Division, Dong Jitao And han Changjun, marched from north to south, and the Ye Peng Regiment of the 13th Division advanced from south to north. The Red 31st Division concentrated its forces on the borders of Guangshan and Huang'an, waiting for an opportunity to attack the enemy, and the Red Guards and the masses in the central area attacked and harassed.
At this time, the Jiang Feng War broke out, two regiments of Xu Yuanquan's 48th Division were transferred to Xinyang, and Xia Douyin's 13th Division was transferred to the Beijing-Han Line. When the enemy's 13th Division withdrew to the Beijing-Han Line, the 31st Division decided to strike at the enemy's retreat to the south. At that time, the reconnaissance of the enemy was only four or five hundred people, so an ambush was set up in the area of Tiezigang on Tiantai Mountain, and after the battle began, about two regiments of the enemy were found, and they counterattacked the Red Army, and after a day of fierce fighting, more than ten people under gui butou, the representative of the second brigade, were sacrificed. Xu Xia will end the crackdown.
After the enemy withdrew, the Red 31st Division attacked in three ways, one large group was transferred to the area around Macheng chengmagang for guerrilla warfare, the second brigade was transferred to the area around Gaoqiao District in Huang'an, and the third brigade was transferred to the area around Sigutun in Huangpi. Successively, in Changlinggang, Persimmon Tree Shop, Yaojiaji, Hekou Town and other places, they destroyed and defeated 4 enemy militia groups and surrendered nearly 100 guns. They also attacked the vigilante groups in Xiaogan Wangyangdian and Xiaohexi, approaching the Beijing-Han Line.
At this time, Xu Xiangqian, commander of the Red 31st Division, Dai Kemin, party representative, Cao Xuekai, chief of staff, and Chen Dinghou, director of the division's political department. It has jurisdiction over nine brigades. Luo Weiqing, captain of the first brigade, Wang Shusheng, party representative; Liao Rongkun, captain of the second brigade, and Gui Butou, the party representative, died in October, and a successor has not yet been appointed; Ni Zhiliang, the leader of the third brigade, and Jiang Zhuqing, the party representative; Chen Qiansheng, the leader of the fourth brigade, and Jiang Ziying, the party representative; Wu Xinxing, the leader of the fifth brigade, zheng Xingrui, the party representative; the leader of the sixth brigade and the party representative are unknown (Ma Cheng Cheng zaidang was once included in the brigade); the leader of the seventh brigade and the party representative are unknown (in July Ni Zhiliang led the team to participate in the Baishaguan uprising) Zhan Caifang, commander of the Eighth Brigade; Wu Weijing, commander of the Ninth Brigade.