Two days ago, I saw a friend of the fruit farmer who said that thrips, shell worms and red spiders are the insect pests that make mango people the most headache.
Why? Because these three pests are not only numerous, harmful, but also difficult to kill.
Indeed, every year, many fruit growers ask about the situation of these three diseases and insect pests and the prevention and control methods, so today Xiao Mang will talk to you about the three pest problems that most headache mango people.
1, don't look at the small size of the thrips, the harm is really not the general big
Someone said: "In addition to natural disasters, the most feared thing is the thrips." ”
Thrips are a pest with serious harm in many mango areas in China, its individual is small, the body length is generally only 1-2 mm, and some species are even only 0.5 mm.
But it is these small insects that are difficult to find, but it has become the number one enemy of mangoes, making the growers miserable, it specializes in sucking the young parts of mangoes, which will harm the young leaves, flower ears and fruits of mangoes, resulting in leaf deformities, falling flowers and fruits, and making the surface of the fruit rough.
When thrips harm mangoes, they use their own file suction mouthparts to file the parasitic epidermis before sucking the juice, so that its epidermal cells are destroyed. Therefore, it is also called "plant vampire" by some fruit grower friends.
When the young leaves are endangered, the leaves will be twisted and deformed, the leaf flesh will thicken and harden, resulting in the leaves to fragment and fall off, and brown spots will appear on both sides of the midrib, which will be severely connected.
When the flower spike is harmed, it will suck the petals, or even the ovary, resulting in falling flowers and fruits.
When harmful to young fruits, in addition to causing fruit fall, it will also affect the appearance of mangoes, make the fruit surface rough, affect the selling phase, reduce the commodity rate of the fruit, when the harm is serious, it will make the mango skin black, that is, worthless, low prices can not be sold, seriously reduce the yield of mangoes, the damage is as high as 70%.
2, thrips are not only good at flying, strong resistance, fast reproduction is not easy to prevent
Although the thrips are small, they are good at flying, strong resistance, and their resistance to drugs increases year by year, resulting in more and more drug concentrations needed to kill thrips, which is not easy to eliminate.
Not only that, thrips breed particularly fast, can occur 10 to 12 generations a year, can overlap generations, and coexist with each insect state.
Some thrips can be a generation in 10 days, and a thrips can have 4,000 offspring a month, even more so in peak periods.
Thrips are afraid of light and have the habit of lying down at night, which is also one of the reasons why thrips are difficult to control.
Thrips have flowering, in the bud stage, the first flower, the xie flower 2/3 stage, fruit setting period is the key time node for the prevention and control of medicine, if you wait until after a large number of flowers, and then use medicine, thrips hidden in the flowers, poor control effect, in addition, most of the thrips in the tender bud meristem point to eat, the agent is difficult to spray, not good control!
Prevention and control methods:
1. Strengthen the cultivation management of orchards, regularly remove orchard weeds, reduce insect sources, rationally densely plant, scientifically prune, enhance the light transmittance of orchards, and plant abscivate plants such as mint, rosemary, lavender, sage and so on.
2. Yellow or blue armyworm board can be used to attract insects hanging in the field, and there are experimental statistics, and the trapping effect of the blue plate is better than that of the yellow plate. This method removes a large number of adult worms.
Drug control: Since thrips are more susceptible to drug resistance, it is recommended that growers use multiple agents alternately.
Recommended agents: methamidoammonin benzoate, bifenthrin, imidacloprid, avermectin, matrine, high efficiency cypermethrin, biphenyl imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, avi imidacloprid, avipyridine, avipyridine, cyanopentarin, etc.
(Note: If the dosage form is emulsion, it is recommended not to use it in large fruits to prevent burns to the fruit surface.) ）
Mesophyllum is also a pest that is widely harmful, harmful and difficult to prevent in mangoes.
Common shell insects on mangoes include coconut round shield borer, rotifer shield bug, Kang's mealybug, horn wax bug, brown roundworm and so on.
It will harm the branches, leaves and fruits of mango, will cause spots and scars on the affected parts, cause the leaves to turn yellow, affect photosynthesis, lose water in the branches, decline the tree, and also lead to leaf fall and fruit fall.
Its excrement can also induce soot disease, which seriously affects the appearance of the fruit and reduces the commodity rate of the fruit.
1, to seize the best control period of mesozoans, mesozoans in the nymph stage, waxy shell has not yet formed or is in the process of formation of medicine, it is easier to be killed. When the elderly nymphs form a waxy shell and spray medicine, it not only has a poor effect, but also takes care of medicine. Therefore, it should be administered at the initial peak of mesozoans, especially when the resistance of first-instar nymphs is weakest.
2. Rational use of drugs, in the first generation of nymphs that is, the fruit bagging before the control is the key stage (or egg incubation period), every 7-10 days, continuous application 2-3 times. Recommended medications: chlorpyrifos, high-potency cypermethrin, acetamiprid, phenoxyvir, thiazide, imidacloprid, heliospirene ethyl ester, etc.
3. Strengthen the management of field cultivation, strengthen the pruning technology of orchards, improve the ventilation and light transmittance of orchards, and cut off the whole branches of seriously damaged branches in autumn, and burn them intensively to reduce the number of insects and eggs.
4. Pay attention to the protection and release of natural enemies, the main natural enemies of mesozoans are predatory natural enemies such as ladybirds and grasshoppers, and parasitic natural enemies such as aphid wasps and jumping wasps. Choose agents that are low in the toxicity of these natural enemies, and try to take field treatment, with less full spray.
Although the red spider is talked about less, it will also occur in the mango every year, its harm time is long, it can occur all year round, the conditions are suitable, it is easy to erupt, endangering the mango.
24-28 °C is the most suitable temperature for the breeding of mango red spider population, it is mainly adult mites, mites, young mites inhabit the leaves, with the needle into the leaves to absorb tissue sap, but also from the back of the leaf hazards. The affected leaves fade green and appear gray-white spots, which can dry out and fall off the whole leaf in severe cases.
The red spider is still very resistant to drugs, and it can be seen again soon after killing it with medicine.
So why?
The reason is that because the red spider grows on mangoes in many forms, there are four main growth stages - the egg stage, the juvenile mite stage, the mite stage and the adult mite stage, and it is difficult to kill multiple forms of red spiders at the same time, so this is even if it is difficult to kill the red spider.
Therefore, we need to prevent and control the red spider in time before the peak period of the outbreak, even if it destroys its eggs and larvae, otherwise when the peak period comes, the various forms of the red spider will gather together and it will be difficult to kill.
1. Once a red spider is found, it is necessary to prevent killing at the initial stage.
2, the drug should be used alternately, to avoid it to produce antibodies to the drug, it is difficult to kill, when it is more serious, it is necessary to insist on medication, generally 5-7 days to hit the drug once.
(Recommended agents: biphenylhydrazine ester, spironyl ester, azole mite ester, etc.)
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