Sand fruit, also known as begonia fruit, is like hawthorn in size, native to Beijing, Hebei, Liaoning and other places, rare in the south. Because it looks very similar to apples, it is often considered to be small apples. The sand fruit has a sweet and sour taste and high nutritional value, and has now become a planting project for many regions to make a fortune. So what is the prospect of the sand fruit market? What are the benefits and effects? Today, Xiaobian focuses on the price of sand fruit and its planting technology, as follows.
First, the prospects and market conditions of sand fruit planting
Sand fruit is relatively simple to plant, generally where the soil is fertile can be planted, and the cultivation of sand fruit in addition to direct use for market sales, but also can carry out tourism picking projects to increase the economic benefits of sand fruit planting. Nowadays, the market value of sand fruit is very good, the price of a pound of sand fruit is 2 times that of apples, the price is as high as 20 yuan, and the use of sand fruit is also widespread, both medicinal, main treatment of rheumatism, cough and asthma, main rheumatism, cough and asthma, etc., but also can make fruit wine, beverages, preserved fruits and many other deep processing products.
Second, the efficacy and role of sand fruit
1, raw jin thirst: sand fruit itself contains very rich organic acids, vitamins, can help the human body to replenish the intracellular fluid, after eating there is a role in quenching thirst, eliminating food and annoyance, and reducing stagnation. At the same time, the sand fruit astringent essence stops the sour and astringent taste of the sand fruit, and has a good effect of astringent essence and diarrhea.
2, insect repellent, blind: after the sand root is decocted with water, it can play a role in repelling insects and killing insects, and can treat diseases caused by white worms and roundworms. At the same time, the leaves of sand fruit are used fresh or dried, which can play a role in diarrhea, insecticide and detoxification, and can treat blindness, membrane eye covering and pediatric scabies.
3. Indications for the function of sand fruit: mainly treat rheumatism, cough and asthma, main rheumatism, cough and asthma, pleurisy and other diseases.
Third, sand fruit cultivation technology
1, plot selection: choose convenient transportation, good irrigation conditions, generally built on gentle slopes, deep soil, fertile soil, slight saline land, leeward to the sun is appropriate.
2, seedling selection: requires seedlings to be 80-120cm high, well-developed root system, no damage and no diseases and insect pests of high-quality seedlings, and also have to have a quarantine certificate; requires seedling roots to have more than 4 side roots, the length of 15cm per day, and requires even distribution of seedlings; seedlings must have more than 8 strong buds on the fixed cadres, which is conducive to the seedlings can send out good branches after drying, to ensure grafting into life; at the same time, check whether the seedlings have autumn shoots, generally smooth surface, less fur, no autumn shoots, the stronger the cold resistance If the seedlings are dehydrated, they should be eliminated in time and choose fruit tree seedlings with fresh skin color.
3, planting density: tall canopy can be used 3×5 meters plant spacing, that is, 44 plants per acre of land, fruit trees and crops can be wide row narrow plants, planting density of 2×8-9 and 2.5 × 6-7 meters; short canopy using 2×4 meters plant spacing, planting 83 plants per acre, fruit and grain intercropping using 2×6-8 meters. Of course, you can also use a plant spacing of 3×2 meters, planting 111 plants per mu of land, or using 3×4 meters of plant row spacing, and the number of plants planted per mu is 56.
4, the configuration of pollinator trees: pollination trees should choose suitable for the local environment, good varieties, high fruiting rate, and can enter the flowering period at the same time as the main planting varieties with certain economic value. Generally, one row of pollinator trees is configured for the main planting variety every 3-4 rows, and the planting ratio is 2:1 or 3:1.
5. Land preparation and planting: dig a round pit with a diameter of 80-100 cm, and backfill the fertilizer mixing straw and topsoil at the bottom of the pit, and apply 50-100 kg of manure + 1 kg of calcium superphosphate + 0.1 kg of alum at the bottom of the pit. Spring planting should be completed in April-May, watered after planting, and completed before September in autumn. The planting depth is suitable for the rootstock grafting interface and the ground level, and it is fixed to dry 60-80 cm or 80-100 cm after planting. At the same time, different tree shapes are selected according to different planting densities, 3×5 meters using "small crown thinning layer shape"; 2×4 meters using "free spindle shape"; 2 × 8-9 meters, 2.5 × 6-7 meters and 2 × 6-8 meters using "trunk cylindrical shape in the three main branches of the base".
6. Management method: from the spring, summer and autumn of the second year of planting, dig a pit around the tree, press straw and green manure into the pit, increase the application of farm manure and change the soil, the depth is 80-100 cm. In the autumn, the orchard will be applied once more high-quality farm manure as the base fertilizer, 30 kg per plant for 2-3 years, 50 kg per plant for 4-5 years, and the fertilization will be carried out at the same time with watering. The amount of fertilizer is increased or decreased according to the size of soil fertility and tree age, and shallow ditch fertilization or hole application can be used. After the new shoot leaves are unfolded, the leaves are sprayed with a 0.3% aqueous urea solution, preferably at 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m. When the soil water retention of the orchard is less than 50%, it is timely irrigation, and there is a lot of rain in July and September, so it is necessary to decide to irrigate according to the rainfall, and at the same time, it is necessary to do a good job of draining the water in the rainy season.
7, disease and insect control: common diseases and insects are canopy caterpillar, yellow thorn moth, apple nest moth, floating dust, etc., insect pest control measures are specifically: adult insects before laying eggs, the young trees are whitened, which can prevent pests from laying eggs, but also prevent frost damage; in the adult and nymphs in the morning dew is not open, artificial nets to catch pests; before hatching, you can squeeze the egg marks with wooden sticks to kill overwintering eggs; use the phototropism of pests to lure and kill insects with lights in orchards; raise natural enemies of pests, such as chickens in orchards; strengthen the management of orchards, and carefully select suitable intermediate crops. Improve the ability to resist insects; the use of medicinal control, commonly used agents are 40% oxidized Leguo emulsion 1000-15000 times liquid, 90% enemy insects, 90% dichlorvos 1000 times liquid, or enemy killing 1000-1500 times liquid.
The above is the relevant content about the cultivation of sand fruit compiled by the small editor of Huinong Network, although the sand fruit is sweet and sour, and has a variety of effects and effects, and is loved by consumers, but the small editor also has to focus on reminding a sentence, because the sand fruit is astringent, so it is taboo to eat more, especially people with weak spleen, it is best to eat less. Of course, although the prospect of sand fruit planting is good, the price is also very high, but do not blindly plant Oh, it is best to understand the fruit market demand, planting precautions, etc., combined with their own economic situation in making decisions, planting to get rich needs to be rational.