In the long course of history, China was called Khitan for a long time, and even many countries, including Russia, are still called China in this way, if you want to translate it literally, it is "Khitan People's Republic".
The Khitan as a nation has long ceased to exist, but the Great Liao State established by this nation was a prestigious country, and the unstoppable Liao people, with thousands of miles of iron, were invincible, occupying a vast territory in northeast China.
They were the biggest border trouble of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the well-known Yang Ye Yang Lao Linggong was killed at the hands of the Liao, and the opponents of Mu Guiying, She Taijun and others behind them were also these Liao people, so there was a series of plays on the Chinese theater stage that was very popular - "Yang Jia Jiang".
Among the founding monarchs who established political power of foreign races, his fame is not very great for the people, at least lower than Genghis Khan of Yuanmeng and Nurhaci of the Later Jin, about the same as the Jin Dynasty's Completed Yan Akuta and the Xiongnu's Mao Dundan on one level, and his name generally appears in the history fill-in-the-blank questions in the middle school examination.
For me, for a long time, I only know that he went east and west, unified the Khitan tribes, and established the Khitan Dynasty, and as for the Liao State we are talking about, it was the name of the country changed by his son Yelü Deguang after he captured Beijing; moreover, he also had a fierce lady who cut off his wrist without even blinking an eye when facing the group of courtiers to scare her.
The Khitan is an ancient people, he is a branch of the Eastern Hu, the history is very sad, first by the Xiongnu a fat beating, the Northern Wei dynasty was suppressed by Goguryeo, and later by the Turks, miserable and miserable for a long time.
And the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, they came to the Central Plains to worship the docks, recognized the Sui Dynasty as the big brother, the power gradually strengthened, "five hundred miles from east to west, three hundred miles from north to south"; for a while, it became a bit of a microclimate.
At the end of the Sui Dynasty, they thought that the opportunity had come, so they continued to plunder the original Zhongzhong, and the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, knowing that they were invincible, they also attached themselves to the Tang, and many of them were also officials of the dynasty, the most famous of which was the famous general Li Guangbi.
However, that night, when the Tang Dynasty was divided and the years of chaos were fought, they gave the Khitans the opportunity to turn around, and they took advantage of the great chaos in the world, and the Central Plains Dynasty was already exhausted by the separatist forces, and it was too weak to deal with it, and it was even more powerless to control the younger brothers who originally regarded themselves as their suzerain.
Therefore, without the control of the boss, these ethnic minorities first slaughtered each other, infighting and slaughtered, and then played the strongest one, who was enshrined as the new leader, and Yelü Abaoji was the straw king who was beaten by the Khitan nation.
It is a luxury to live peacefully in the steppes where you beat me and kill each other, and it is a very luxurious thing to be able to live peacefully, especially for a person from a noble family like Yelü Abaoji, who at an early age experienced the hardships of life, which were not poverty, but the scourge of killing at any time.
His strength value should be very high, according to the "History of Liao", he was: "Nine feet long, plump and sharp, shooting at people, and three hundred pounds of bows." ”
Can open the bow three hundred pounds, should be cattle people, the three kingdoms in the historical record, Huang Zhong, very good at shooting, can open the bow two hundred pounds, in contrast, this Yelü Abaoji seems to be more superior, as for the interpretation of Ji Ling can open 500 pounds of bow, Zhang Fei can open 800 pounds, listen to it, do not take it too seriously.
Yerushalayim was led by his uncle, who was in charge of state affairs, and he led the army to defeat many small tribes around him, gained the approval of the Khitan people, and became a leader in the hearts of the people, and when his uncle was killed, he naturally inherited the throne, using his prestige to submit to the various tribes on the steppe.
After continuous conquest, his troops greatly increased and their strength exploded, so he had the capital to compete with the Central Plains, and from then on he began his dream process of realizing his ambitions.
He went south several times, today to help this fight that, tomorrow to help that fight this, even the strongest at that time, the end of the Tang Dynasty Rogue Zhu Wen also took the initiative to make friends with him, he also married the Later Tang Taizu Li Keyong as a brother, of course, for Yelü Abaoji, looting and expanding power is the first, no friends, only recognize interests.
In 907 AD, Yelü Abaoji began to establish the Khitan state, and he inherited the succession system of the Han Dynasty, abolishing the original system of collegiality from tribal chiefs, just like the later emperor Taiji, the dynasty that began to monopolize imperial power.
His capital was "Khitan "Khitan", and his capital was Linhuang Province, which is now Chifeng, Inner Mongolia; later, he suppressed the rebellion launched by many brothers, beheaded all the brothers in a cruel plot, and consolidated his position, making the Khitan Dynasty a powerful and closely linked country.
Unfortunately, he died of illness on the way back from the conquest of the Bohai Sea, at the age of 55, and was posthumously honored as Liao Taizu.
Jeroboam was not only a military man, but also a very skillful politician, he did not blindly advocate force, he knew how to advance and retreat, to show weakness when he should be weak, never to be soft when he should be strong; he knew how to make himself what was good for others, he knew that sometimes compromise was to go further, and finally, at the right time, to give a fatal blow to his opponent, he was really a resourceful monarch.
After he grasped the supreme power of the Khitans, he was able to judge the hour and size up the situation, choose different allies according to his own strength, and then choose different opponents, and formulate corresponding methods of defeating the enemy; during his reign, externally, he conquered the east and the west, attacked the northern expedition, opened up the territory, and entered the Central Plains in the south; internally, he practiced the prefecture and county system, lived with the people's livelihood, divided the Han and Han dynasties, changed the old customs, and created a script, laying a solid foundation for the sinicization of the later Liao state.
Among them, the most famous is the State Policy of the Division of Han and Han, the population of the Khitan is not large, but with the increasing number of Han people who have taken captives and taken refuge, the original form of government is no longer suitable for control, so Yelü Abaoji ruled according to customs, and set up two sets of parallel administrative organs to control the subjects in the territory.
The specific form is that there are two houses in the north and the south, and the north "governs the Khitan with the state system" and retains the old customs of the Khitan tribes; the south "treats the Han people with the Han system", which is a copy of the Central Plains system, and the local practice of "one country, two systems", the upper court is two shifts on the left and right, and the official system is one for each Han, which marks the transition of the Khitan from nomadic to a quasi-feudal regime of half farming and half farming.
In the end, after the death of Yelü Abaoji, at the hands of his son Yelü Deguang, the formal establishment of the state was completed, and with the arrival of the "Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures" offered by Shi Jingyao, the Liao Dynasty became a feudal dynasty that competed with the Song Dynasty.
In the heyday of the Liao Dynasty, its territory was vast, from the Sea of Japan in the east, to the Altai Mountains in the west, to the Erguna River and the Daxing'anLing Mountains in the north, and to the Baigou River in the south of Hebei Province in the south, and its influence covered the western region, so after that, The Liao Dynasty, that is, Khitan and other regions in West Asia and Eastern Europe, were regarded as the representative title of China.
Yelü Abaoji's contribution to the unification of the Khitan departments and the establishment of the Liao Dynasty is an immortal contribution, and it can be said that he played the first note of the formation of China's modern territory, whether he is major or minor, there may be some different sounds during the period, but after all, it is like a prelude echoing over the long river of history.
After 210 years, the Liao Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty that was beaten by the Yan Dynasty, and the Jin Dynasty was attacked by the Mongols and the Southern Song Dynasty, and then Nurhaci established the Jin Dynasty, the Manchus entered the Customs to establish the Qing Dynasty, and after the Xinhai Revolution, this vast black land and the boundless land were merged into the territory of the Republic of China, and opened this thick and rich book, as the first person of this book, the importance of Yelü Abaoji is self-evident.