Today, a friend in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, left a message on WeChat: "This year's greenhouse planting tomato root knot nematodes are more serious, more serious than last year, I use avermectin, thiazolidine these two agents for prevention and treatment, the effect is not as good as last year, very unsatisfactory, what to do, what drugs should be used for prevention and treatment?" ”
We all know that root-knot nematodes are small in size, widely distributed, hidden underground, harmful to crop roots, once it occurs, it is very difficult to control, causing great economic losses to farmers, according to statistics on a global scale, nematodes cause agricultural losses of more than 50 billion US dollars per year. In recent years, due to the serious stubble planting of greenhouse crops, the occurrence of root-knot nematodes is getting worse and worse every year, many farmers have used avermectin, thiazolidine these two kinds of drugs to control, these years found that its resistance is getting stronger and stronger, has been unable to normally control root-knot nematodes, prevention and control of root-knot nematodes has become a long-standing problem. Today to recommend these two agents to farmers: flupiramide and lilac penicillium, good insecticidal effect, palliative and root causes, hoping to help farmers.
As a new generation of excellent nematicides, flupiramide acts on complex II on the respiratory electron transport chain of mitochondrials, and interferes with the respiration of the target succinate dehydrogenase activity by inhibiting its respiration. When the nematodes are treated with flupiramide, the worm body stiffens into a needle, the mobility decreases sharply, and fluoropyramide selectively inhibits the complex II of the respiratory chain in the mitochondria of the nematode. Mitochondria are the energy plants of nematodes, and their inhibition can cause the energy (ATP) in nematodes cells to be quickly depleted.
Flupiramide is the first nematicide to act on this target, representing a new class of nematicides and the first nematicide with low toxicity to users and the environment. It can be used to control a variety of nematodes such as root-knot nematodes, root rot nematodes, perforated nematodes, burr nematodes, spiny nematodes, sword nematodes and ring nematodes, and also has a good effect on cyst nematodes. 41.7% flupiramide suspension (trade name: Lufuda) was launched in China in 2015 for the control of root-knot nematodes such as tomatoes and cucumbers.
Flupiramide exhibits significantly different mobility in soil. It is able to distribute slowly and evenly in the upper layers of the soil. This enables it to effectively and long-term protect the root system from nematodes infestation in the rhizosphere.
Fluoropyramide use method: mainly to prevent, control vegetable crops root knot nematodes, if it is large-scale agriculture, drip irrigation under the mulch film, a bottle of mulch, with water, if it is irrigation, dilute more than 4000 times, irrigation roots can not be dripped to the leaves, otherwise there is a drug harm, use once a season.
Special attention: Lufuda this drug control root knot nematodes effect is good, its price is relatively high, we must pay attention to avoid buying fake drugs, bring losses to themselves.
Penicillium lilac belongs to the genus Penicillium and has a good control effect on root-knot nematodes. After the lilac penicillium preparation is applied to the soil, after contact with the nematodes in the soil, the spore germinates and grows many hyphae, the hyphae secrete rich chitinase, improve the parasitic rate of the nematodes, thereby destroying the chitin layer of the nematode egg shell, the end of the hyphae becomes thicker, penetrates the egg shell, larva and adult body wall of the nematode, absorbs nutrients in the body, reproduces, destroys the normal physiological metabolism of eggs, larvae and adults, resulting in the death of nematodes; lilac penicillium can also secrete protease to poison and kill nematodes. It has a control effect on the entire life cycle of nematodes, and the effective period is up to 2-8 months.
Penicillium lilac has a control effect on a variety of nematodes, and its hosts are root-knot nematodes, cystic nematodes, nephrodes, puncture (semi-puncture) nematodes, golden nematodes, ecdermal nematodes, which are the most promising biocontrol preparations for the prevention and control of nematodes. Because the bacterium can adapt to different climatic conditions and has a high parasitic rate for nematode eggs, it can effectively control the number of soil nematodes and significantly reduce the harm, and has been widely used in production practice.
How to use Penicillium lilac:
1. Before sowing or transplanting, apply evenly in the hole and ditch near the root system of the seed or seedling, the application depth is about 20 cm, and the application is once. Burrow application is applied near the root system of seeds or seedlings, and the amount of mu is 0.5-1 kg.
2. When root-knot nematodes occur, it is recommended to use lilac penicillium agent for flushing or root irrigation control. Penicillium lilace needs to be cultivated before rooting, the specific method of cultivation: 1 kg of penicillium lilac with water 25L cultivation of bacteria, activation of culture for 4-8 hours, in the expansion of each kilogram of penicillium lilac added 250g-500g of brown sugar for auxiliary breeding, the water temperature is 25 degrees to 30 degrees when expanding, and then diluted with water 300 to 500 times after expansion for irrigation.
Precautions for penicillium lilac: do not mix with chemical fungicides; it is recommended to choose to use the drug in the morning or evening; do not place the agent directly in strong sunlight, it is recommended to store it in a cool and dry place, and do not let the agent get wet.
The prevention and control of root nematodes follows the principle of "prevention as the mainstay, combined with prevention and control" to ensure that the yield and quality of agricultural products are not affected, and according to the actual production, reasonable agricultural prevention and control measures are made to achieve the best prevention and control effect.
1. The high temperature shed reduces the source base of nematodes
Since the root knot nematodes mainly remain in the soil, it is recommended to carry out high temperature stuffy shed treatment before planting the shed crop, and through the closed shed room, the soil temperature of 20 cm reaches 40 °C or more for 7 days, or 37 °C is maintained for 20 days, which can effectively kill bacteria in the soil and pests such as root knot nematodes. Or during the shed break period, we can use WeiBai mu, lime nitrogen or matrine high temperature film to irrigate the shed for about 30 days to eliminate nematodes and reduce the base of insect sources.
2. Reasonable rotation to avoid heavy stubble.
In plots with a large number of root-knot nematodes, it is recommended to change to insect-resistant (resistant) crops such as grasses, onions, garlic, leeks, peppers, kale, cauliflower, etc., or plant aquatic vegetables, which can reduce the occurrence of nematodes.
Summary: After the occurrence of root-knot nematodes, the disease will be very serious, affecting crop yield and quality, it is recommended that farmers must do a good job of prevention in advance, high temperature shed and transplanting drugs (flupiramide or penicillium lilac) must not be less, is the key to preventing root-knot nematodes.
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