King Wuling of Zhao: The moon goes to spring and is lonely, and the hatred is full of sand dunes
Now living in Shenzhen, a hundred steps away from the community is the Garden Expo Park, almost like the back garden of the family, every day to go to a circle, exercise and enjoy the scenery, kill two birds with one stone.
The park is lined with pavilions, small bridges and flowing water, beautiful scenery, is a rare scenic place in Shenzhen, but also a must for Internet celebrities to punch in, as long as it does not rain, every day there are many red men and green women, dressed in Hanfu to shoot here, and even at night there are crews to get some TV drama bridges.
Looking at these men's Eguan Bo belt, women's long-sleeved skirts, it is very eye-catching, I suddenly remembered that there was a monarch who changed this Hanfu with Chinese characteristics, wide robes and large sleeves to Hufu, which greatly enhanced the military strength of his country and crushed the crowd, so that he was praised by the scholar Mr. Liang Qichao as "the first great man after the Yellow Emperor", he was the famous King Zhao Wuling.
Although I think Mr. Liang is a bit too prestigious, but this Zhao Wuling King was really a fierce character, he changed the position of the ancient war based on military vehicles, took the initiative to learn from the Hu people, created the first cavalry unit in Chinese history, destroyed Zhongshan, swept away Han Wei, retreated to Qichu, and became the first military power at that time.
However, he is also a madman who does not play cards according to common sense, the first monarch in history to voluntarily abdicate, a "reclining" who was starved to death, and finally, a person who seems to remember only the four words "Hufu Riding and Shooting", and is considered that all his merits are to change clothes, so he is also a sad person!
I have seen someone write that he is the only monarch in China who has voluntarily abdicated the throne, and this look is that the book is not well read, and there are many monarchs who voluntarily abdicated in ancient times, although there are many reasons, some of which are to hide from disasters when foreign enemies attack, such as Song Huizong; some are old and helpless, such as Qianlong; and some are for pleasure, such as Song Gaozong.
Of course, the most is called voluntary, in fact, it is forced, such as Cao Pi of the Han Xian Emperor; however, even for the sake of the country's prosperity, there are also those who choose to abdicate in their prime, such as the Yan King Ji Duo who gave up the throne to Xiang Guozizhi in order to implement reforms to make the Yan kingdom rich and strong, and it is not a descendant, it is a foreign person, so it is said that King Wuling of Zhao is the only one, that is, it is very irresponsible.
I remember that in the documentary "Warring States of the Wind and Clouds", when introducing the Zhao Kingdom, there was an evaluation of the Zhao people, that is, "doing", if you look at it from the life of King Zhao Wuling, this is simply a tailor-made special term for him, he will "make" the Zhao State to be strong, and then "make" the country into civil unrest, and finally "make" himself on the road of no return.
King Wuling of Zhao, courtesy name Zhao Yong (赵雍), courtesy name Zhao (赵氏), was a native of Handan, and was the sixth monarch, statesman, military and reformer of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period.
During the reign of King Wuling of Zhao, he militarily implemented the military policy of "riding and shooting in costumes", constantly promoting the increasingly strong military strength of the State of Zhao, swallowing up the State of Zhongshan during his reign, defeating the Border Yi clan, opening up Yunzhong, Yanmen and Dai County, building the Great Wall of Zhao, and at its peak in order to specialize in military affairs, he gave way to his son King Huiwen of Zhao, who was honored as the "Main Father", and was later tortured by the Dune Rebellion, was imprisoned and starved to death, and was posthumously honored as the King of Zhao Wuling.
The above introduction of the official general rules, a bunch of names I think this politician is a serious mismatch, he was just born in the imperial family, shunshi got a monarch dangdang, in terms of political wisdom, it is really a low-energy one, Yu military experts are also slightly reluctant, but the reformer he deserves, at least this "hufu riding and shooting" is his most prominent label.
We can see from his nickname that he is strong and straight, who is determined to be chaotic and chaotic, who is absurd and foolish, and who is mischievous, and that this "spirit" is not a good word in his title, and that Liu Hong, the emperor who single-handedly caused the chaos of the Three Kingdoms, was called the Emperor of Hanling, and only this arrogant and conceited person who fainted and chaotic behavior was able to get this title, which was completely incompatible with the title of politician.
It's just that this "martial" is well-deserved to him, he is a person who advocates force, and he values this conquest all his life, which is even more addictive than when he is the monarch of this country, and he later took the initiative to give way because of this, and he wanted to avoid the troubles that this monarch had to deal with every day, and single-mindedly went to expand the territory.
He once pretended to be an envoy to the Qin state himself to observe the customs and customs of the enemy country, the terrain was dangerous, and also personally inspected his opponents Qin Zhaowang and Empress Xuan, you know, this Empress Xuan is the prototype of the TV series "The Legend of Mi Yue", such boldness is an unprecedented move, and future generations will definitely not find a second person.
Although the State of Zhao was in the north, it was the land of four wars, surrounded by the states of Qi, Yan, Lin Hu, Lou Fu, Dong Hu, Qin, Han, and Wei, and there was a Zhongshan State in the middle; after the three families were divided into Jin, the wei and Han countries at that time were both powerful countries, and they also had the long-cherished wish to unify the old lands of the Three Jins, so it was often gathered some countries to take the lead in attacking the Zhao State.
And the north is the nomadic people, the Zhao state is located in the central plains and the northern Rongdi ethnic group at the intersection, these nomadic people often go south to plunder, wolf smoke continuously, so that the Zhao state is always in a state of tension, for this reason, after the Zhao Wuling King took the throne, immediately organized the defense of the north, its main means is to vigorously build the Great Wall on the basis of counterattack, which is the famous "Zhao Great Wall".
Therefore, it is inaccurate for later generations to count the merits of the Great Wall on the head of Qin Shi Huang, and it is not wrong for the Qin Emperor to repair the Great Wall, but it is more to connect the Great Wall built by the original countries, the most important of which is the "Great Wall of Zhao".
The State of Zhao was located on the frontier, but the cost of defense was also very high, and when King Wuling of Zhao was in power, it was the time when the "combination of vertical and horizontal" was lively, and the State of Zhao, as a prince of one side, was an important player in it, and when many coalition forces were established to attack a certain country, there were many Zhao States.
However, King Wuling of Zhao had his own principles, he had always been adhering to the principle of not contributing to the work, to protect his own strength as the highest criterion, although he was in it, he was alone, which was related to his strength at that time, he was slowly growing the strength of his own country in the midst of forbearance, and his vision had always been staring at the Zhongshan Kingdom that was entrenched in the heart of the Zhao Kingdom and almost divided the Zhao Kingdom into two.
In order to eliminate this major problem that divided the north and south of the Zhao kingdom, the King of Zhao Wuling finally attacked the Zhongshan Kingdom after more than ten years of unremitting efforts, and realized the greatest achievement of the Zhao State in the entire Warring States Era. In order to celebrate this major victory, he ordered the Zhao kingdom to take a five-day holiday to party.
During this period, he also saved strength and made friendly friends, and the biggest result was to support King Yan Zhao and King Qin Zhao to ascend to the throne in the State of Yan and the State of Qin, which won the reputation of the State of Zhao in the early stage of the Warring States Chaos, accumulated political capital, and also gained valuable opportunities for development.
King Zhao Wuling was a man of superstitious force, he absolutely did not believe in the so-called political and diplomatic power, and firmly believed that only when his own fist was hardened could he have the right to speak, which was a bit naïve, but it was not completely unreasonable, and it was precisely this kind of thinking that allowed him to overcome all difficulties, eliminate all obstacles, and carry out the reform of "Hufu Riding and Shooting" without hesitation.
Such reforms subverted the battle formations that used chariots in previous wars, making cavalry officially appear on the stage of Chinese history, which greatly improved the military strength of the Zhao State, and the engagement with chariots at that time was almost crushed, and it was also the integration of the Chinese nation with ethnic minorities at that time, which was of great historical significance.
But we should also see that after all, this is only a military reform, and as countries follow suit, the gap in strength will soon catch up, and there are great limitations compared to the all-round reforms carried out by other countries.
Shi Yun: "The emperor of the book does not fulfill the love of the horse, and the ancient ruler of the present does not change." The merit of following the law is not enough to raise the world; the study of the ancient law is not enough to control the present. "At that time, all countries were carrying out reforms and changes in the reform and change of the law of rich countries and strong troops, such as the Li Wu change law of the State of Wei, the law of Wu Qi of the State of Chu, the law of Shen Bu Harm change in Korea, and so on, the most famous of course is the Shang Martingale Change Law of the Qin State.
In the history of the Zhao Kingdom, there were still reforms and changes in the law a long time ago, such as Zhao Jianzi and Zhao Liehou, but they were not very thorough, and the King of Zhao Wuling could only be said to be a military change, compared with the comprehensive changes in other countries, there was a big gap, because the essence of war was a contest of comprehensive national strength, not just a game at the military level.
In the end, what led to his disgrace was, of course, the act of abdicating the throne, his first wife was the daughter of the King of Han, who gave birth to Gongzi Zhang and became the crown prince; Lady Han died early, and succeeded the beautiful woman Wu Wa, that love is not okay, Wu Meiren gave birth to Gongzi He for him, he loved abnormalities.
Unfortunately, the red face is short-lived, Wu Meiren is also a short-lived person, died like Autumn Dew, soon fell ill and died, she asked to make her son the crown prince before she died, king Wuling of Zhao agreed, so he deposed Gongzi Zhang, and established Gongzi He as the prince.
The succession to the throne is related to the security of the country, and King Wuling of Zhao made a very low-level mistake on this issue, he first established the eldest son, which was no problem, and the reserve was the chief; and later the prince Zhao He was the reserve, which was a big taboo, but fortunately, his prestige was enough to convince the public, and it seemed that he had passed smoothly for a while.
In his prime, he gave way, which has his own unique considerations, he is keen on conquest, often leading troops outside, across the battlefield, when in case there is a mistake, there will be civil unrest in the country, it is better to give way earlier, he can safely open up the territory outside, not to mention, there is also a sense of helping the horse and sending a ride.
Although only "partially" was given up, he still firmly controlled the military power in his hands, but this move of his caused great chaos in the court, forming a sense of confusion among the ministers, because the Zhao state already had a new king.
When he abdicated the throne, the crown prince was only more than ten years old, but the original old courtiers were doing their best to assist the new king, hoping to protect their wings for their own development, and when King Wuling of Zhao found that these old ministers with great power were becoming more and more disobedient, it was too late to change.
Therefore, he also wanted to take advantage of the power of the army, and wanted to establish the land where the deposed crown prince Zhang was in charge of the county, and divide the Zhao kingdom into two, which was to make up for the guilt in his heart, and he also wanted to restrain the two sons from each other as kings, so as to ensure that he could gain the benefits of it and ensure his status as the "main father".
Dividing a good country into two, and about to form three forces, this King Wuling of Zhao can be said to be an outlier in the Warring States era, which is called strange in layman's terms, treating the matter of the reserve as a child's play, doing it arbitrarily, and the idea is extremely naïve, because his self-righteous idea is a utopia that severely punishes the violation of the basic norms of the construction of the regime, and is the root cause of civil unrest.
Tai'a fell backwards, and the gradual loss of authority was inevitable, the pattern of the past "heaven has no two days, the people have no two masters" has been broken, King Zhao Wuling began to regret it, he wanted to regain the lost power, determined to return to the throne, but when Gongzi He and his henchmen learned the news, they adopted the strategy of attacking first, defeating the rebellious Gongzi Zhang, and imprisoning King Zhao Wuling in the Dune Palace until he starved to death, but unfortunately, a generation of tyrants ended.
The ending was tragic, but the legendary life of King Wuling of Zhao still attracted the special attention of later generations among the many kings in the chaotic world of the Warring States, and he personally led the conquest of troops many times, went deep into the tiger's den to investigate and know, overcame all difficulties to promote reform, and made the Zhao state leap into a military power, which also attracted the praise of future generations.
In his eyes, there are no rules, he is a existence that is out of the rules, and his thinking is different from ordinary people, so he can abolish the long and young, can make a subordinate, can split the country to seal, completely do not play cards according to the rules, think like a fantasy, make some strange moves, risks, precedents, experience, and weighing These are all obstacles that are beyond limits to him, as long as he feels that he can, it must be a leap and go forward.
Riding and shooting Hu costume to defend the northern frontier, the hero is worthy of the King of Wuling;
Handan song and dance finally subsided, and the scenery of river song was old and reckless;
Look at the no crane in the clouds, and fly to the sky with eagles;
Two thousand hundred years ago, only the basil was left with the earthen wall.
This is a poem written by the historian Mr. Zhai Bozan, "Dengda Qingshan Visiting the Ruins of the Great Wall of Zhao", which praises King Wuling of Zhao for his positive attitude, which has also been the mainstream concept for thousands of years, but the absurd behavior of giving way to him and splitting the country and dividing the country and dividing the two sons in history is also extremely contemptuous.
His strengths can make him a generation of tyrants and sweep through thousands of armies; his shortcomings can also trap himself in a desperate situation, act repeatedly, indecisively, act perversely, father and son centrifuge, the crowd of subjects attacking each other, the dunes are lost, and finally the hero is short-tempered, the children are long,the tricks are dead, the ephemeral flowers are short, the disciples stay, the name of the world, the jokes of a thousand years, the coffin is difficult to determine, and the sadness is eclipsed.
Looking at China's thousands of years of history, professional soldiers to monarchs abound, Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, Tang Taizong Li Shimin are leaders, and the monarch to become a professional soldier, the only one in the ages, but also the initiative to do it, such a strange thing, can only happen to this strange person.
However, as a professional soldier, he should be qualified, so sometimes I think, Zhao Guo was devastated by the Battle of Changping, and finally led to the fall of the country, if this Zhao Wuling King is still there, let him come against Bai Qi, I think, the last laugh, must be this Zhao Wuling King, do you believe?