The mountain is high and the road is far and deep, and the army is running in all directions.
Whoever dares to slash at the sword is only General Peng.
--Mao Zedong
Peng Dehuai (October 24, 1898 – November 29, 1974)
Chinese one of the founders and leaders of the People's Liberation Army, a military scientist, marshal of the Republic. In 1922, he was admitted to the Hunan Army Officers' Lecture Hall, and later participated in the Northern Expedition, all the way to the rank of regimental commander.
He joined the Communist Party of China in April 1928, led the Pingjiang Uprising on July 22, and then led his troops to Shangjinggangshan to join the Zhumao Red Army Division, serving as vice chairman of the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Red Army.
During the Period of the Central Soviet Region, he participated in successive anti-"encirclement and suppression" battles. During the Long March, he served as the commander of the Red Third Army. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army. During the Liberation War, he served as commander and political commissar of the First Field Army.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, vice premier of the State Council, and minister of national defense. During the Period of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, he served as commander and political commissar of the Volunteer Army. He was awarded the rank of Field Marshal in 1955.
Marshal Peng Dehuai devoted his life's energy to the cause of national independence and people's liberation and to the building of the state and the army. Bow down all your life, and die later!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">平江起义</h1>
July 22, 1928
In 1926, Duan Dechang, secretary general of the Political Department of the 2nd Division of the 8th Army, and Peng Dehuai, then the battalion commander, led troops to pursue the remnants of Wu Peifu, led the troops to garrison Dangyang, Hubei Province, and had a long talk for several nights in the Guandi Temple on Yuquan Mountain, which was the first time Peng Dehuai heard "Popular Capital" and the first time he read "Communist ABC"...
During the Northern Expedition, Duan Dechang, as Peng Dehuai's introduction to the party and ideological guide, won peng Dehuai's respect and was also one of the few revolutionary mentors in Peng Dehuai's life!
On July 22, 1928, Peng Dehuai, who had secretly joined the Communist Party, led a unit of the 1st Regiment of the Independent 5th Division to launch an uprising in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, occupying the county seat of Pingjiang in only one and a half hours. Subsequently, the rebel forces were organized into the 5th Army of the Red Army, with Peng Dehuai as the commander and commander of the 13th Division.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">上井冈山，彭德怀率部与朱毛红军胜利会师</h1>
December 1928
After the Pingjiang Uprising, the Hunan warlords organized 6 regiments of troops to encircle the rebels. In the face of the enemy's superior strength, Peng Dehuai judged the situation, led his army to withdraw from Pingjiang County, turned thousands of miles, broke through the heavy blockade of the Kuomintang army, entered Jiangxi in December 1928, led the troops to Jinggangshan, and met with the victorious division of the Red Fourth Army led by Mao Zedong and Zhu De.
In a farmhouse in Ciping, Ninggang County, the hands of the two giants clasped together, and the chairman said, "You have also come to our path!" We're going to fight together in the future! ”
Since then, these two Hunan Xiangtan people have jointly embarked on a revolutionary battle process that has lasted for more than thirty years.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">井冈山革命根据地和江西瑞金苏维埃时期</h1>
December 1928 to October 1934
In the spring of 1930, Peng Dehuai led his troops to expand the area of the base area of the Xianggan Border Region to more than ten counties, and in July, he directly attacked Changsha, and in three days and four battles, successfully captured Changsha City.
In this campaign, the Red Army captured more than 4,000 guns, raised hundreds of thousands of silver yuan, rescued thousands of comrades and democratic progressives imprisoned by the enemy, and expanded the red to more than 7,000 people, which was the biggest victory won by the Red Army in the early days of its establishment.
On June 19, 1930, the Red Army was established, with Peng Dehuai as deputy commander-in-chief and concurrently as the commander of the Three Corps, participating in and commanding successive anti-encirclement and suppression battles.
In the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" battle, Peng Dehuai led three armies to cooperate with the first army to annihilate more than 10,000 enemy troops. In the third anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, when the Red Army was in the most critical situation, Peng Dehuai jumped out of the trench, took the lead as a soldier, and led his troops to engage in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy with a large knife in hand," and won the final victory. After the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the Red Army was forced to withdraw from the Central Soviet Zone and embarked on the Road of the Long March.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">长征时期</h1>
October 1934 to October 1935
In October 1934, Peng Dehuai led the Red Third Army to become the right front of the entire Central Red Army, breaking through the four blockade lines of the Kuomintang army and fighting the Xiang River to cover the cpc Central Committee's crossing of the Xiang River from Quanzhou and Xing'an in Guangxi.
Four crossings of the Red Water campaign, turned to Sichuan, Qian, and Yunnan. After crossing the Jinsha River, crossing the Dadu River, climbing snow-capped mountains, crossing meadows, and crushing Zhang Guotao's plot to split the Red Army with the CPC Central Committee, he arrived at Wuqi Town in northern Shaanxi on October 19, 1935, and the Central Red Army successfully ended the Long March.
On October 21, Peng Dehuai led his troops to annihilate Ma Hongbin's 35th Division cavalry regiment in the southwestern mountains of Wuqi Town. Then he severely damaged the Bai Fengxiang department of the Northeast Army, and Peng Dehuai took advantage of the victory to pursue and completely annihilated the other three regiments of Bai Fengxiang. After this battle, the Kuomintang army, whether it was the central army or various warlords, did not dare to enter the northern Shaanxi base area for half a step.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">抗日战争时期</h1>
1937 to 1945
In August 1937, the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, with Zhu De as the commander-in-chief and Peng Dehuai as the deputy commander-in-chief.
At the end of 1937, under the severe situation of the comprehensive rout of the Kuomintang garrison of 700,000 north China and the frenzied attack of more than 100,000 Japanese troops, Peng Dehuai led his troops to cross the Yellow River in the east, went deep into the Taihang Mountains, and carried out an all-round guerrilla war of resistance in Wutai Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Hengshan Mountain, and North China Plain.
By the end of 1938, three base areas had been established in Jin-Cha-Ji, Jin-Ji-Yu, and Northwest Jin, and the Eighth Route Army had expanded from more than 30,000 people to 150,000 people. As a result, our Party's independent guerrilla warfare and protracted war have initially taken shape on a large scale.
In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Eighth Route Army not only adhered to the principle of the Kuomintang and the Communists uniting to resist Japan and unite with the outside world, but also dealt with the friction created by the Kuomintang army at any time. Peng Dehuai followed the instructions of the central authorities, grasped the principle of being reasonable, advantageous, and restrained, and always adhered to the general premise of the united front and the united resistance to Japan.
In July 1940, the "Order to Break the Battle of Zhengtai Road" issued by Zhu De and Peng Dehuai was sent to the whole army. On August 20, the various units began to carry out a series of sabotage battles, and the scale of the campaign was rapidly expanded. Although only 22 regiments were originally planned to participate in the war, the military and civilians in the base areas became more and more courageous in the war, so that the number of units participating in the war eventually reached 103 regiments, which is known in history as the "Hundred Regiments War".
This is the largest behind enemy lines since the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, lasting 3 and a half months and more than 1,800 large and small battles. More than 20,000 Japanese troops were killed or wounded, more than 5,000 puppet troops, more than 280 Japanese troops were captured, and nearly 20,000 puppet troops were captured.
2,900 strongholds were uprooted, more than 470 kilometers of railways were destroyed, more than 1,500 kilometers of roads were damaged, more than 50 artillery pieces of various types were seized, and more than 5,800 firearms of various types were seized. It dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese puppet army stationed in North China and greatly encouraged the confidence and determination of the people of the whole country to resist Japan!
After the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, the Eighth Route Army ushered in a more brutal attack by the Japanese army, and Peng Dehuai always fought at the forefront, commanding the troops of the Eighth Route Army to fight in blood and fight in all directions. With the formation of the World Anti-Fascist League, the Chinese people won the final victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">解放战争时期</h1>
September 1945 to September 1949
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Chiang Kai-shek clique launched a civil war. Peng Dehuai, then vice chairman of the Central Military Commission and chief of the general staff, led the Northwest Field Army to the Northwest Battlefield.
In March 1947, Hu Zongnan and other troops of more than 200,000 troops attacked northern Shaanxi, and the southern part of Hu Zong was well-equipped and well-supplied. The Northwest Field Army led by Peng Dehuai only has more than 26,000 people, and each soldier has less than 10 rounds of ammunition, which is not only unable to guarantee supplies, but sometimes even eating has become a big problem.
After Peng Dehuai commanded the troops to protect the CPC Central Committee from Yan'an, he used the mobile war to find fighters, and in a period of one and a half months, he won three consecutive victories in three battles and three victories, the Battle of Qinghua, the Battle of Yangma River, and the Battle of Panlong, thus smashing the arrogance of the enemy and stabilizing the situation in the northwest.
Peng Dehuai then led his army north to Yulin, and annihilated the 123rd Brigade of the reorganized 36th Division, led by Lieutenant General Zhong Song, in only one day at Shajiadian.
In the spring of 1948, Peng Dehuai led the Northwest Field Army to turn into a counter-offensive and annihilated more than 28,000 enemy 5 brigades in Yichuan and Wazi Street. He then conquered Baoji and successfully recaptured Yan'an on April 22.
Since then, the initiative on the northwestern battlefield has been transferred to the hands of our army, and Peng Dehuai has led his army to sweep through the northwest, seize Xi'an, Xialanzhou, capture Xining, and occupy Yinchuan, peacefully liberate Xinjiang, effectively support the major battlefields of our army in the liberation war, and ensure the victory of major battles.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">抗美援朝时期</h1>
October 1950 to August 1953
On the evening of October 19, 1950, Peng Dehuai, commander and political commissar of the Chinese Volunteer Army, ordered the volunteer army to cross the Yalu River, and on October 25, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea officially began.
On the sixth day of the volunteer army's entry into the DPRK, Peng Dehuai immediately launched the first campaign, commanding the troops to use roundabout tactics to divide and encircle the "United Nations Army", and after 13 days of fierce fighting, won the victory in the first battle, annihilated more than 15,000 enemy troops, and suppressed the offensive of the US army, and in one battle, the Chinese Volunteer Army that had just entered Korea gained a firm foothold on the Korean battlefield.
Not content with defeat, MacArthur launched a counteroffensive on November 7. Peng Dehuai ordered the volunteer army to take the initiative to retreat 30 kilometers, fighting and retreating with a small number of troops, deliberately showing weakness, and after the US army entered the ambush area of our army, our rear guard troops counterattacked and cut off their rear roads, and the two wings of troops divided and surrounded the enemy army. The "United Nations Army" of several divisions scrambled to escape for their lives, and the volunteer army covered up all the way, and the enemy suffered heavy losses and collapsed.
In this battle, the Chinese and North Korean troops annihilated more than 36,000 enemy troops in one fell swoop. Taking advantage of the situation to recover Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, the history is called the "second battle".
On December 31, 1950, the Chinese Volunteer Army launched the third campaign, fiercely fighting for 8 days, annihilating more than 19,000 enemy troops, taking advantage of the victory to cross the "38" line and capture Seoul.
On January 25, 1951, the fourth campaign began. Chinese The People's Volunteer Army annihilated more than 78,000 enemy troops, and MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", left in disgrace in a state of condemnation at home...
On April 22, 1951, Peng Dehuai launched the Fifth Campaign, and by the end of the campaign on June 10, more than 82,000 enemy troops had been annihilated.
Subsequently, he commanded the Chinese and North Korean troops to powder the enemy's "summer offensive" and "autumn offensive", annihilating 1500 million enemy troops, and finally forcing The 3rd Commander-in-Chief of the "United Nations Army", Admiral Clarke, to sign the armistice agreement and personally admit that this is a war that cannot be won!
The victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea completely ended the era when Western aggressors could occupy a country by erecting a few cannons on a coast in the East for hundreds of years, and any imperialist aggression today can be defeated by relying on the strength of the people!" ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right">铁骨铮铮，青史留名</h1>
In September 1954, Peng Dehuai was appointed Vice Premier and Minister of National Defense and Vice Chairman of the National Defense Commission. He worked tirelessly to board the island, entered the tunnel, and walked from north to south, from east to west, through tens of thousands of kilometers of front-line troops and border and sea defense lines.
Peng Dehuai carried out a drastic reform of the army's organizational system in peacetime and formed a technical branch, enabling the Chinese People's Liberation Army to leapfrog and transform for the first time from a single army to a composite army of various arms.
In September 1955, Peng Dehuai was awarded the rank of Marshal of the Republic and was awarded the Order of August 1st Class, the Order of Independence and Freedom first class, and the Liberation Medal of the First Class.
On November 29, 1974, Marshal Peng Dehuai died at the age of 76.
Marshal Peng Dehuai's life of fighting for the party, the country, and the people will forever be recorded in the annals of the republic's history, and his glorious deeds will forever be remembered by future generations!