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|-hung Indian series/Friday update/Yang Qingjun (written) |
In India's long and treacherous history, because of the complex intertwining of religious and ethnic issues, it is not easy to find a nationally recognized spiritual leader as a cultural core offering. The only one with a high degree of recognition is the legendary king of the Peacock Dynasty, Ashoka, who claims to be the love of the gods.
It is not easy to get Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism and various native religions of the land to agree, and the Indians regard Ashoka as the object of praise, use Ashoka's lion as a symbol of modern India, and now on the Indian flag, the Dharma wheel with unlimited force in the center is from the monument of Ashoka.
So what is the superiority of this legendary Ashoka that can convince the Indian nation? We can use the method of exclusion.
First of all, it is certainly not by beauty. Legend has it that Ashoka looks quite difficult to say, not only the facial features are not neat, but also the skin is very poor, and the appearance is more contrary to the character of the domineering monarch in the novel. Probably because his appearance was lower than that of the royal family, Ashoka was not welcomed by his father when he was young.
This father is also not small, named Bintou Shura, who inherited the expansion ambitions of the founding patriarch Jandhara Gupta throughout his life, expanding his territory south of the Wendya Mountains to the Mysore region, and was nicknamed "the enemy killer", but unfortunately Bintou Luo did not have a pair of intelligent eyes, and the senior appearance association member Bintou Shuluo almost delayed his most capable son Ashoka. Fortunately, Ashoka did not give up on himself because of his low appearance, he vigorously participated in the great war of the nine sons and concubines, and finally won the battle of tearing the throne, becoming one of the few inspirational heroes who used his strength to defeat his appearance.
After Ashoka's successful ascension to the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the rainbow fart about his "chosen son" also came into being, some saying that an Agni Biga sage told Bintou Shura that your son (Ashoka) was the most capable of being a great king; there are also saying that Fotomon told Bintou Sahara that Ashoka was going to unify India; and there are legends that Ashoka killed 99 brothers in one fell swoop in the process of taking the wife (such an auspicious figure may be too exaggerated for Bintou Shura's fertility... In short, in the face of Ashoka, who held power, both religious and secular did everything possible to establish a Quaqua Qun to curse himself, who already knew that this candidate who did not have a good face exuded the glory of the king. Although the legend is more ridiculous, we can also speculate that Ashoka did not come to power particularly smoothly.
Secondly, Ashoka's great achievements certainly did not depend on "benevolent government." The legendary Ashoka was a cruel and cunning man, extravagant, lustful, and the nickname "King of Desire" (directly translated as "the man who pursues desire"), who dared to let him hear that he had once said anything about his ugliness, he immediately killed whom, and invented a series of tortures to torture unpleasant people. It was this cruelty that made him so happy, addicted to killing, and launched successive conquests, expanding his territory and destroying the lives everywhere he went.
It seems that the way of Confucius and Mencius also deceived the princes of our country, and it did not work much in India. There are many stories about Ashoka's cruelty, of course, because Ashoka later converted to Buddhism, and some of them should be stories made up by the Buddhists in order to emphasize the role of religious indoctrination, exaggerating the comparison between before and after, but there is no wind and no waves, and the real Ashoka in history is by no means a good kind.
The fame of this famous Ashoka first came from his unprecedented foreign conquest activities. His fathers and grandfathers, Jandhara Gupta and Bintou Shura were not fuel-saving lamps, and enlarged the foundation of Magadha many times, so that Ashoka not only did not want to give up, but instead became more militaristic, launched aggression everywhere, forced neighbors to submit to confessions, and at its most brilliant time, except for a little hard bone at the southern end of the continent that could not be annexed, almost the entire subcontinent was included in Ashoka's income. The territory was roughly equivalent to that of today's Indian state, thus laying the foundation of the modern Indian state, which is one of the reasons why Indians worship him.
Ashoka continued to expand for eight years, during which time he was almost invincible, and no one could stand out, like Charlemagne on the European continent, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Genghis Khan of Mongolia, a powerful monarch who made the surrounding countries talk. And it wasn't until eight years later that a war seemed to change Ashoka's long-held strong personality. This is the famous Karinga War in Indian history.
If the readers have not heard of it, it is normal, the "famous" of this war is famous in the industry, and in the public perception, it is far less famous than the Greek-Polish War and Alexander's Crusade. On the east coast of Olissa, the country is beautiful and powerful, and the two previous monarchs of Ashoka have not been able to take this stubborn coastal country, and Karma has always insisted on resisting the expansion of the Peacock Dynasty.
When it came to the war maniac Ashoka, perhaps karinga was not an obstacle but a challenge, he launched a war of conquest of karma in 261 BC. How fierce the battle was on the scene we must not see with our own eyes, but the scale should not be underestimated, according to ashoka's inscription, we can understand the outcome of the war:
The favorite of the gods (Ashoka) attacked Karma. [He] captured 150,000 people, 100,000 died directly on the battlefield, and 100,000 died after the war...
One will make a thousand bones dry.
Seeing that the casualties were so heavy and the once peaceful and beautiful Karma Linga was in disarray, Ashoka could not help but feel that although he had won and lost, he felt sorrow and remorse for the destruction of the people who had started the war. A huge impulse gushed out of his heart, that is, to give up the original tyrannical cruelty, the pleasure brought by conquest could not make people feel happy, he should find the true meaning of life. But at this time, who can help a man who has just slaughtered hundreds of thousands of lives?
I am a Buddha of mercy. Ashoka, who had killed countless people and suddenly attained enlightenment, thus took refuge in Buddhism and became a lay disciple of Buddhism, which sounded very ironic, but this move was obviously in line with the Buddhist admonition to "put down the butcher's knife and become a Buddha." Queen Ashoka said that he understood that waging war is the most wrong move, that all people, whether murderers or slains, brahmins or slaves, servants, have a "common humanity", they all have joys and sorrows, they all have good or dark qualities, they all have relatives and loved ones, but some of them have to become ghosts under the knife, why, isn't this a sad tragedy? ----------------- However, this broad-minded and tolerant non-violent theory is very grandiose, and it is appropriate as a propaganda material, so the theory of benevolence after Ashoka's epiphany has been widely praised, and has been used by Mahatma Gandhi until the modern Mahatma Gandhi. Ashoka thus became an ancient spiritual leader revered by India.
Since then, Ashoka has made the promotion of Buddhism his life's duty, and based on the ugly and fierce king's previous bloodthirsty personality, we should be able to speculate that the change of faith was not forced by someone else. Not only did he enjoy the bliss of enlightenment himself, Ashoka also sent emissaries to spread the essence of Buddhism outward, spreading it to Sri Lanka and Thailand to the south, and into Central Asia, China's Xinjiang, and directly to the interior to the north.
In the edict of the inscription he later left, he openly called himself a Buddhist, had great respect for the monks, and even advised his subjects not to eat meat as much as possible—oh, he was obviously still frantically ordering the cutting of people a few years ago, and the poor people captured from the Karinga War never intended to be released, and thousands of slaves were not liberated. Therefore, Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism should also have many political factors, and he was still a sober-minded ruler in the first place. His subjects also did not fully accept the monarch's change of course, Ashoka's so-called "promotion of good deeds" did not go particularly well, and the old forces stubbornly resisted, and Buddhism was more like his new means of controlling the country than Buddhism as a way for Ashoka to redeem himself.
The greatest thing about Ashoka, the ruler of this ancient kingdom, was not how many successful conquests he had launched, but that he was able to realize the horrors of war while the killing was in full swing, and the true meaning of the expansion of the conquest of the momentary, future crematorium, in order to control the vast empire accumulated in his hands for three generations, advocating obedience to well-intentioned Buddhism as the best religious tool. At least during his reign, the Peacock Empire had not yet collapsed due to years of bloody wars.
Of course, after Ashoka's death, his great empire went downhill without suspense, and the Peacock Empire also quietly walked away in the labyrinth of history. After this, the Indians once again lost control of the subcontinent under their feet, and they were again subjected to friction from external forces.
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