Grass and wood ash is the residue of plant combustion, belongs to inorganic farm manure, according to the nutritional composition and pH of grass and wood ash and other characteristics can be well used. The specific use methods can be divided into the following types:
1. Grass and wood ash needs to be used alone.
Grass and wood ash belongs to the alkaline fertilizer, the pH is between 7-8. The main components are potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate, which will promote the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen and reduce the effect of nitrogen fertilizer use after mixing with ammonium nitrogen. When grass and wood ash is mixed with phosphate fertilizer, it will cause the phosphorus element to be fixed. Therefore, grass and wood ash is often used alone, and can generally be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, topdressing and foliar spray fertilizer, which has obvious yield increase effect.
2. Apply as a base fertilizer to increase the potassium content of the soil. Before ploughing, 50-100 kg of grass and wood ash are spread per acre, and then ploughed. If a large amount of phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the bottom fertilizer, it needs to be used separately from grass and wood ash. Soils with severe acidification and acidification can be applied to plant vegetables, flowers and fruit trees that prefer alkaline soils.
Potassium-loving crops need a lot of potassium fertilizer supplementation, and the grass and wood ash is applied as a base fertilizer, and the use effect is very obvious, and it is also more time-saving and labor-saving. Grass and wood ash generally contains 6 to 12% potassium, 1.5 to 3% phosphorus, contains calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur more, and also contains iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and other trace nutrients. Therefore, grass and wood ash is not only potassium fertilizer, but also can provide phosphate fertilizer and a variety of mineral nutrients for crops, especially for crops that like calcium, magnesium and sulfur.
3. Apply as seed fertilizer to increase soil temperature. Grass and wood ash is a hot fertilizer, sowing crops, forest seeds, flowers and fruit trees in early spring, covering the seeds or burrows with a layer of grass and wood ash, which can significantly increase the soil temperature, emerge early, and can also effectively use its fertilizer effect.
It should be noted that dry grass and wood ash is easy to be blown away by the wind, if it is watered, too much watering, it will also be lost with water, and grass and wood ash is also easy to cause soil compaction, which is not conducive to seedling emergence. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the amount of watering water to meet the amount of water required for seed germination.
4. Applied as topdressing to prevent pests and diseases. Food crops, fruits and vegetables have a long growth period, and the amount of potassium required in the middle and late stages is large, and it is often necessary to apply potassium fertilizer, which can be replaced by grass and wood ash. At the same time, some diseases and insect pests are afraid of the alkaline environment, after contact with grass and wood ash, some diseases can not continue to expand, aphids, vegetable green insects and other larvae will lose water after contact with grass and wood ash.
Generally, before the dew dries in the morning, the grass and wood ash can be sprinkled on the crop leaves, and the grass and wood ash is wet and attached to the leaves, which can play the role of topdressing and can also prevent and control some diseases and insect pests.
You can also spread grass and wood ash along the ridge ditch and sowing ditch, generally after watering, you can also spread when the soil moisture is suitable, and then cultivate and weed, which can improve the fertilizer utilization rate.
5. Foliar spraying using grass and wood ash leaching liquid can play a variety of effects. After soaking the grass ash with water for 12 hours, carefully filter out the impurities and take the clarification solution, which is the grass ash leaching liquid. Different crops and growth periods, the concentration used varies. Spraying 10% grass and wood ash leaching solution (fresh grass and wood ash 10 kg to 100 kg of water is fully stirred, standing for 14-16 hours after filtering, slag removal can be sprayed after clarification) as supplementary nutrients, can improve leaf vitality, prevent early leaf fall, enhance photosynthesis, and promote the beauty of flowers and fruits.
Grass ash contains potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium and other quick-acting mineral nutrients, spraying 50%-80% grass ash leaching solution on the foliage before and after flowering and fruit trees can prolong the flowering period, promote flower color, reduce falling flowers and fruits and improve fruit quality.
If crops have potassium deficiency symptoms, they can use 1% of the grass ash leaching solution for foliar spraying, which can play a role in supplementing potassium fertilizer.
Foliar spraying of 2-3% of the grass ash leaching solution can control pests such as aphids, red spiders, and pear lice.
Foliar spraying of 5-6% of grass and tree ash leaching solution can improve the drought resistance of fruit trees and improve the disease resistance of trees.
The nutrient composition of grass and wood ash formed after the combustion of different plants is very different, so the effect of grass and wood ash is often different, and it can be appropriately increased or decreased according to experience.