Did you know that in Addition to Zhengzhou and Kaifeng as provincial capitals in Henan, there is also a city that has also been a provincial capital, that is, Xinxiang, the forgotten capital of Pingyuan Province, which is also the place where Henan's heavy rains have been most affected this year.
Xinxiang City is a prefecture-level city on the north bank of the Yellow River in Henan Province, a pearl located in the southern foothills of the Taihang Mountains, where the Battle of Muye took place, the seat of the 900-year-old Weiguo, and the cradle of Huangpu for the talents of the Spring and Autumn Warring States. The general location of the famous refrigerator enterprise in China - Xinfei Group.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" > the early days of New China, the central government established a plain province in the vast area of northern Henan, Western Hebei, and the provincial capital was located in Xinxiang City</h1>
At the beginning of the founding of New China, Pingyuan Province was a province established by the central government in the vast areas of northern Henan, southeastern Shanxi, and southern Hebei, including the five areas of Jiaozuo, Xinxiang, Anyang, Hebi, Puyang, and Jiyuan in Henan, heze in Shandong, Liaocheng in liaocheng, and the western part of Jining.
In August 1949, just after the end of the War of Liberation, in the Yellow River Basin area at the junction of the three provinces of Hebei, Luzhou and Henan, the activities of counter-revolutionary remnants such as enemy agents, bandits, and reactionary Huidaomen were rampant, and it was urgent for the people's government to purge them. At the same time, the Yellow River runs through the region, the embankment is extremely unstable, and there are dike breaks every year, and the treatment of the Yellow River has become a top priority. Moreover, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, industrial and agricultural production in the region suffered serious damage from the war.
In order to let the people live a stable life as soon as possible and restore the needs of large-scale production, on August 20, 1949, the central government decided to establish a plain province in the area connecting southwest Lu, northern Henan and southern Hebei. Pingyuan Province administers 2 provincial municipalities, Xinxiang and Anyang, and 6 special districts including Huxi, Heze, Liaocheng, Puyang, Xinxiang and Anyang. It has jurisdiction over 56 counties, 1 mining area and 5 Chengguan towns.
The capital of Pingyuan Province is set in Xinxiang City, and the provincial government is located in Heping Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City. The provincial capital is set in Xinxiang mainly because of the city's convenient transportation, the city has the Wei River to reach Tianjin, and it is close to the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. In addition, at that time, the industrial economy of Xinxiang had developed to a certain extent, and the mass base in a considerable part of the Liberated Areas was relatively good.
Pingyuan Province existed for three years and three months, and was abolished on November 30, 1952, Xinxiang, Anyang and Puyang Prefectures were restored to Henan, and Heze, Liaocheng and Huxi Prefectures were restored to Shandong. The reason why it has been revoked is that in history, the region has no history of provincial establishment, and has always belonged to the regions of Henan and Shandong provinces. Second, the yellow river treatment has achieved initial results, the Yellow River has been strengthened in the past three years, the people's victory canal in Huangjiwei has been successfully built, and the flood disasters in rivers and lakes in Pingyuan Province have been basically eliminated. Third, in the tradition, the northern Henan, Luxi, and Southern Hebei regions are poverty-stricken areas at the junction of the three provinces, and there is no big city to lead.
In this way, Xinxiang City lost its status as a provincial capital city and became a prefecture-level city in Henan Province.
On March 29, 1945, the Japanese invaders were not willing to be defeated, and they designated the newly occupied area of Henan east of the Taihang Mountains as a pseudo-"plain province", with a provincial office in Zhengzhou and Zhang Chengyun as the puppet governor.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" > Xinxiang is the seat of the 900-year WeiGuo and the cradle of talents in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods</h1>
Xinxiang area is the seat of the Zhou Dynasty during the Wei State, Wei Guo is the Zhou Dynasty's Ji surnamed princely state, the capital of the Chaoge, the first generation of monarchs for the Zhou Wen Wang Concubine Nine Sons Kang Shufeng, a total of 907 years before and after the founding of the state, passed on 41 jun, is the longest surviving Zhou Dynasty princely states, but also the last of many Ji surname princely states to perish. In 239 BC, Wei Yuanjun was forced to move to Yewang, and the Wei state was already extinct by this time. In 221 BC, when Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms, he forgot about the Wei State, which was already a vassal state of the Qin State, until 209 BC, Wei Junjiao was deposed by Qin II as a Shuren, and the Wei State was completely destroyed.
The territory of the Wei state was roughly located in Xinxiang, Anyang, Hebi, Puyang, Handan in Hebei, part of Xingtai in Hebei, and the western part of Liaocheng in Shandong, north of the Yellow River, and was successively established in Chaoge, Chuqiu, Diqiu, and Yewang. When Duke Wu of Wei was once strong, when King Ping of Zhou moved east, Duke Wu of Wei sent troops to help Zhou Pingrong.
Although the Weiguo was weak during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Weiguo produced talents, and at that time there was a saying that "half of the talents in the world are out of wei". The reason is that the Weiguo belong to the remnants of the Yin merchants, who are relatively rich, and the people's living standards and education levels are relatively high. The people's customs pursue freedom, free thinking, heavy profits and pragmatism, and it is easy to accept new cultures and new trends of thought, and it is easier to learn new cultures and new trends of thought. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the legalists and warriors represented almost all of them from the Wei Dynasty. Li Slang, Wu Qi, Shang Martin, Lü Buwei, Jing Ke, etc.
Wei Guo also produced an important figure is the ghost valley, the ghost valley named Wang Xue, alias Wang Chan, proficient in hundreds of schools of learning, is a famous thinker, the representative figure of Taoism, the master of the art of war and the originator of the Zongheng family, known as Wang Chan Laozu by later generations.
According to legend, Ghost Guzi taught at the Ghost Valley Ridge of Yunmeng Mountain in Qi County, and Li Jun, Shang Martin, Sun Zhen, Pang Juan, Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Li Mu, Bai Qi, and Wei Jizi were all students of Ghost Guzi, and these people were all famous legalists, soldiers, and representatives of the Zongheng family during the Spring and Autumn And Warring States period. Therefore, the Ghost Valley Cave of Yunmeng Mountain was inscribed by wu Xiuquan, former vice minister of national defense, "The First Military Academy under Heaven", and Weiguo was known as the cradle of Huangpu for talents in the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" > the origin of the name Xinxiang</h1>
Xinxiang, formerly known as Xinzhongxiang (新中乡), was a small town in the newly established Ji County in the second year of Han Gaozu,6th year (111 BC) of Emperor Yuanding of the Han Dynasty, who toured Xinzhong Township and received the news that Lü Jia had been awarded the first rank, and changed xinzhong township to Huojia County. In the sixth year (586) of Emperor Wen of Sui's reign, the two counties of Ji County and Yujia County formed a new county, taking the original "Xinzhongxiang" as the county name, which is Xinxiang County.
The Xinxiang area belonged to the activity area of the Xia people during the Xia Dynasty, and the Battle of Mingtiao took place in Fengqiu in Xinxiang. In the Shang Dynasty, this was the center of Yin Shang's rule, and Chaoge was in Qi County north of Xinxiang, and the famous Battle of Makino took place in the present-day City of Weihui in Xinxiang. During the Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the Wei State, and after the Duke of Zhou destroyed the Three Prisons, he enfeoffed his brother Ji Kang yu Wei and established the Wei State. After the Qin Dynasty, it was divided into Sanchuan County, Dong County, and Hanoi County, the Eastern Han Dynasty belonged to Henan County, and the Northern Wei Set up Ji County. The Tang Dynasty belonged to Yin Prefecture in Hebei Province, the Northern Song Dynasty belonged to Wei Prefecture on Hebei West Road, and during the Ming and Qing Dynasties it belonged to Weihui Province.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="04" > cities that thrive on railroads</h1>
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Beijing-Hankou Railway passed along Xinxiang, set up a station in Xinxiang, and later built the Daoqing Railway to connect with the Beijing-Hankou Railway, and Xinxiang rose rapidly, surpassing Weihui. During the Republic of China, Xinxiang was the largest industrial city in northern Henan.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Pingyuan Province was first established, and after the abolition of Pingyuan Province, it was renamed Xinxiang Prefecture, in 1958 Anyang Prefecture was merged with Xinxiang Prefecture, and in October 1961 it was separated, and renamed Xinxiang District in 1967. In February 1986, Xinxiang District was abolished and Xinxiang City was established, with Xinxiang county under the jurisdiction of Xinxiang County, Ji County, Huojia County, Hui County, Yuanyang, Yanjin, Fengqiu and Changyuan counties.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="05" > xinxiang city in the new era</h1>
Xinxiang City is adjacent to Zhengzhou, across the Yellow River, belongs to the core area of the Central Plains Economic Zone, and the half-hour traffic auxiliary shooting circle of Zhengzhou. It is an important industrial city in the Central Plains, the capital of China's battery industry, and the economic, educational and transportation center of northern Henan. In 2020, the city's population is 6.19 million, and the GDP is 301.4 billion yuan.
Xinxiang is an important commodity grain base and high-quality wheat production base in China, and in 2020, the annual grain planting area of the city will be 718.99 thousand hectares. Xinxiang is an important industrial base in Henan Province, with 33 of the 41 industry categories. It is the capital of China's battery industry, the national new energy battery and battery material industry regional agglomeration development pilot city, the national new battery and material industry base, the new energy vehicle promotion and application city (only Zhengzhou and Xinxiang in the province), the biomedical characteristic industrial base and the lifting machinery industry base.
Xinxiang City is rich in mineral resources, including coal, oil, natural gas, iron, copper, lead, zinc, limestone, clay, dolomite, barite and other 28 kinds of mineral deposits, and the reserves are rich, providing a strong foundation for industrial development. Xinxiang tourism resources are also quite rich, south Taihang scenic spots, with 21 A-class scenic spots. Famous attractions include Baligou Scenic Area, Wanxian Mountain Scenic Area, etc., and the famous Wall-hanging Highway Guo Liang Cave is in Huixian City, Xinxiang.
Xinxiang City has convenient and developed transportation, is the national road transport hub city in northern Henan, the territory of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway, Beijing-Guangzhou railway, Xinhe railway, Xinyue railway and other four railways, 107 national highway, Beijing- Hong Kong, Macao, Daguang, Jidong and the construction of Xinjin, Hehui and other five highways through the border.
The development strategy of Xinxiang City in the new era is: relying on the Central Plains Economic Zone, actively integrating into the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Circle, and implementing the strategy of "three cities and one district". The "three cities" are the sub-central city of Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area, the advanced manufacturing and science and technology innovation city of the Central Plains Economic Zone, the ecological livable city along the Yellow River, and the "one district" is the Demonstration Zone of Chinese Civilization Inheritance and Innovation. With the central urban area as the core, Changyuan City as the sub-center, Yuanyang County and the Plain Demonstration Zone as the bridgehead for the integrated development of Zhengxin, and other counties and key towns as important nodes, we will build a development pattern of "one core, one pair and multiple groups" and build Xinxiang into a central city in northern Henan.