Pan Jingru, Institute of Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The title is a bit scary. I put "quotation marks" to show that I was a fan of the note-takers. Note-takers are the most honest and responsible, a cold bench, under the desk lamp, specially for others to place footnotes, but also for readers to sweep roadblocks, what "mental skills" can be said. To say that there is a problem with the "heart technique" is probably like the Song Dynasty Du Shi's "pseudo-Su Note" and the like. Make up the scriptures, open your mouth and come. For example, Du Shi's "Empty Bag" "Fear and shyness in the bag, leave a money to see", out of thin air to invent the story of Ruan Fu, so-called: "Jin Nguyen Fu mountain wild self-release, alcoholism, daily holding a soap sac, tour will be audited." The guest asked what was in the bag, 'but if you look at the bag for money, you will not be shy'. Along the way, the entry of "Ruan Nang Shy" even entered the "Ciyuan" and "Chinese Dictionary". (See Mo Lifeng's "Study of Du Shi's "Pseudo-Su Notes"", Literary Heritage, No. 1, 1999) Fortunately, this kind of blatant fabrication when making notes to great poets is only a product of a temporary trend. The canonical scholars of the Song Dynasty have already made harsh criticisms. After the Song Dynasty, widows and widows.
So why say the "mind technique" of the note-taker? The main thing is that the "mental technique" is positive, not necessarily the "means" are positive. Doing bad things with good intentions is also a common thing. During the epidemic, I idly read the famous collections of the Tang and Song dynasties, and I encountered some. For example, Su Shi's "First Arrival in Hangzhou to Send Zi Yu" has its one cloud: "Seeing that current events are difficult to win, coveting Jun En's retreat has not been able to return." Dullness must eventually be impeached, so that the king will be deaf and deaf. Zha Shenxing's note: "The Words of the Amaranth Creek" is written as a ren, and it is false. (Supplement to the Dongpo Chronicle, vol. 7) Feng Yingliu checked the annotated version of the old Wang Zhuangyuan Collection and the Wutai Poetry Case, and indeed they all made "victories", and out of caution, he still added a note: "But the first sentence of Mr. Wang's poem does not use the rhyme, and the sub-poem is also composed of the poem, I am afraid that it is not a falsehood." (Su Wenzhong's Combined Notes on the Poetry of the Duke, vol. VII) This raises a question. In the first sentence, "It is difficult to win with strength", Zha Shenxing followed the old notes of the Song people to explain very clearly: "The Case of Wutai Poetry: Within the fourth and twelfth months of Xi Ning's fourth year, when he first arrived in Hangzhou, he sent his son to Shiyun 'seeing current affairs' Yunyun, which means that the new law Qingmiao, assistants and other things are complicated and unworkable, and it is also said that he is incompetent. Literally, "invincible" means incompetent. Since both the Old King's Commentary and the Poetry Case are "victorious", this version has a long history. Cha's assertion that the word "Ren" is false is probably because the word "Ren" and "Can" and "丞" do not belong to the same rhyme, and they have committed the disease of rhyme. However, Su Rui and the poems are also "Ren", which can basically be determined that "Ren" is the original text, and "Victory" is a false text. What I am interested in is that this "blackmail" is not an unconscious blackmail, but is probably the result of the wishful thinking of the note-takers. Not only did Su Shi have the habit of "not using the original rhyme in the first sentence", in general, the first sentence of the poem rhymes with adjacent or similar rhymes, and it has always been advisable to be lenient. Although it is not advocated, it is not allowed. For example, Huang Tingjian's "Wuling" poem: "Wuling woodcutters out of Taoyuan, self-promise to revisit is not difficult." But the smoke lock at the door of the cave was broken, and the wind and moon night of the return boat were cold. The word "source" and "difficult" and "cold" are not in the same rhyme. Therefore, the foundation of this "school of science" is a bit fragile. Moreover, Su Shi's near-body poems even have examples of non-first sentences "out of rhyme", such as the poem "Xishan Drama Title Wuchang Wang Jushi": "Jiang Gan gao ju Jian Guan, Qian Gong Gong Jiao Jiao Hang Sutra." The pole is tied to the stalk, and the drum is over the military chicken and dog. Untie Gu Jing's various steps, fencing and singing a few moves. Jingjing is for the sake of stiring, and the dry pot is even more sweet melon soup. Li Biheng, a Qing dynasty, said when supplementing the new edition of the Shi Zhu Su Poems: "According to the nine green rhymes of the scriptures, is it not true that Mr. Li Biheng accidentally mispronounces Him?" (Shi Zhu Su Shi, vol. 40.) Theoretically, the first sentence of the word "扃" also "rhymes", and Li Biheng does not accuse it, because the first sentence rhymes with neighbors is not strange) more than a glue pillar drum, may not be able to get the true face of Su Shi. However, "strength is difficult to win" is widely circulated, so that the Ming Chenghua edition of the "Complete Works of Su Wenzhonggong" is also "victorious", and many of the various Su collections that are collated today are also because of them, so I will not list their names here. Modern specialized collators cannot help but be fooled, and in 1958, when Qu Wanli Yishi and Gu "Zhu Dongpo's Poems" photocopied the "Four Series of Periodicals" and photocopied the annotations of the Wang Zhuangyuan Collection of Yuanwu Bentang Periodicals, there was a cloud: "This (Shi Gu Zhu ben) wins the best place." ...... Volume IV "The First Arrival in Hangzhou to Send Zi by the Second Absolute Sentence" poem "Seeing that current events are difficult to win" sentence, Yuan Ben 'wins' and blackmails 'Ren'. ("Compilation of Reference Materials for the Abstract of Su Dongpo's Poems in the Collection of the National Central Library of the National "National" Of the People's Republic of China", "Supplementing the Compilation of Reference Materials for the Abstracts of su poems by Su Shi Gu And Shi Gu of the Song Dynasty", Taiwan Art And Literature Press, 1980, p. 35) The word "Ren" is categorically used as a falsehood. In addition to this, there is a suspicious sinus left here. Feng Yingliu's "Hezhuo" originally said that the old Wang's annotation was "victorious", while Qu Wanli's "Four Series" Yingyuan Wang's annotation was "Ren"; perhaps Feng Yingliu's Wang Annotation was a different version, and it was inconvenient to visit the book during the epidemic period, so it was difficult to talk about other days. In short, this problem of different texts can be reviewed by Su Rui's "Ciyun Zizhan First Came to Hangzhou to See the Second Absolute": "The officials are not responsible, and Wu Zhong has become rich and talented." You should also occupy the title of the book and learn to take Lantian Cui County. The first and last words are also called "Ren", and it is not difficult to determine what is true. Thanks to Su Rui's circumstantial evidence, we can restore Su Shi's original text. Otherwise, even if you go to court, it is difficult to have a chance of winning, and changing "Ren" to "winning" is originally caused by the "rational school" of the note-taker. Su Shi has had annotated versions since the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the four annotations of Zhao Cigong and others have been descended, and there are five annotations and eight annotations to capture the "Wang Zhuangyuan Collection hundred family annotations" and the Shi Gu annotations, and the initiator of the unauthorized text must be one of the annotations in this middle note.
This tells us that the "science school" of the note-taker is not very reliable. The more complete the results of the "science school", the more vigilant it is. Du Shi's "Twilight of the Years": "Smoke and dust offend the snow ridge." Qiu Zhao'ao's "Detailed Notes on Du Shi" volume XII notes the word "offense": "As an invasion." "This is taken for granted, there is really no basis. Qiu Zhao'ao may feel that Du Shige's discipline is strict and there will be no situation of "peace and security". This is both pedantic and unpretentious and not worthy of serious refutation. If we look at the second example of "Du ShiFan's Example" of his "Du Shi Fan Case", we know that this mode of thinking is in his chest:
The poem "Different Flowers Bloom in the Absolute Domain" of "He's Mountain Forest" is "coming to the Absolute Domain", and it is not a serious offense to "open and dismantle". "Send Pei Wei poem" "Flat boat I have been", when it is "I have been used", it is not important to "this". For example, the poem "Flowers and Leaves Follow Providence" in "Winter Deep" is "only Providence" and is not important to "with the class". For example, in the poem "Sending the King to serve the Emperor", "The Situation Is Passed on to the Sect Near", when it is a "Sect Craftsman", it is not important to "Near the Field"...
These examples, of course, do not exclude insight, and there are places where they are said to be extremely correct. But my focus is not on this, but on its mindset. Qiu Zhao'ao swept away the errors for Du Fu in order to restore Du Shi's original roundness and perfection. In his vision, of course, Du Shi is round and perfect, and there should be no repetitive words or other technical flaws in a poem; if there is, there must be a problem in the transmission and engraving of which link. First, there is no such reason in the world, even Du Fu may not be able to do it; second, holding this kind of thinking has the risk of backfire, and he is preoccupied with the gain or loss of size, which is intended to return du Fu's "poetic saint" truth, and sometimes it lowers Du Fu's vision and narrows the pattern. Out of the same mentality, Qiu Zhao'ao tended to believe that the poem "The Rain Never Stopped" in Du Ji was a forgery:
The law begins with the beginning and the end, the third and fourth carries up, and the fifth and sixth turns down, which must also be a chapter. If it is cut in six sentences, it is light on the top and down, and there is no vivid interest in the turn, and the poem can be discussed here. Zhu Hanyue: The question can be strange, swaying like silk is only subtle, mud is not chaotic words are close to the rate, wind is sparse is out of the ordinary, dancing stones plus are not unnecessarily redundant, goddess self-wet clothes why worry too much, eyeside lining, hurried clumsy words, an flow against the waves, repeated repetition is also less meaningful. This is also a forgery. It must be argued.
I think Zhu Han said to Qiu Zhao'ao's heart: How could such a "poor" poem be written by Du Fu? Therefore, he also picked out the problem of "rules and regulations". In this sense, the psychology of Qiu Zhao'ao, as a note-taker, is like a "courtier", and according to today's words, he does not get rid of the "fan circle" thinking. If it is a tyrant, he may only hate him for such disguised accusations as less; the tyrant cannot hear the truth, and even if it is the truth, it must be artistically handled as a slander. But Du Fu is a veritable poet in the end, and it is not convenient for us to speculate on his reaction.
The above situation is fundamentally different from the fabricated story and quxiang Pifu of Du Shi's "pseudo-Su Notes" in terms of subjective intent. However, as long as the note-takers are superstitious about the poetry of the great poets, and then regard the notes as a kind of hoarding "business", and cannot receive their reassurance, it is difficult to ensure that people are suspicious. Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Yi's "Miscellaneous Records of Yi Jue Liao" Yun: "(Du Fu) Li Chao's Little Seal Song:'Bitter County Guang Monk Bone Strength.'" The word 'bone power', Nanshi Zhang Rong: Qi Gao saw his book: "Qing Shu has special bone strength." The Qing people note Du, with a little integrated nature, do not donate, think that "bone force" is a different text, and insert it into small characters, such as "Du Shi Jing Quan" volume 15, "Du Shi Detailed Notes" volume 18, the source of which is the same as the "Yi Jue Liao Miscellaneous Notes" ("Du Shi Detailed Notes" has been clearly listed). This shows the prudence of the Qing people when compiling Du Shi, and is the embodiment of a good study style. According to Du Shi's "Eight Points of Small Seal Song for Li Chao", Yun: "The light monks in kuxian county are standing in bones, and the books are expensive, thin, and hard. "Look at the context before and after, and make "standing" in righteousness as long. Of course, this kind of school of science does not explain the problem. The more powerful fact is that before Zhu Yi, Du Shi did not seem to have such a different text, and the "Du Gongbu Collection" and the Song Ren Du Shi Annotated Texts such as Wang Su's "Sub-Door Collection Notes on Du GongBu Poems", Guo Zhida's "Nine Collections of Notes on Du Gong Bu Poems", Cai Mengbi's "Du Gongbu Caotang Poetry Notes", and Huang He's "Supplementary Notes on Du Shi" have not seen any "force". In addition, I have always been a little wary of note-takers. If Zhu Yi's "Miscellaneous Records of Yi Jueliao" quotes Du Shi and immediately sends a relevant discussion, then the "different texts" in Du's poems can still be recorded for examination despite the possibility of their own copying errors. However, the "Miscellaneous Records of Yijue Liao" only quotes the bare phrase "bone strength of the light monks of Bitter County", and then quotes the "History of the South" "Qingshu has special bone strength" to see that the word "bone power" in Du Shi has a great origin. Intuition told me that this may be Zhu Yi reading the "History of the South" even to the "Qingshu has special bone strength", and suddenly remembered that Du Fu's "Song of Giving Li Chao Eight Points of Small Seals" has the sentence "Bitter County Light Monk Bone Standing", and the note was written down, which not only proved that Du Shi had no word and no origin, but also saw that his own learning and cultivation were not useless. As for whether it was mistakenly recorded as "bone force" or strong twist as "bone force", under a thousand years, it has been impossible to know. Although Zhu Yi is not a professional note-taker, he likes to give people a source in his notes, and he finally has to be an amateur note-taker. If the superstitious poet "has no false words", then the psychology of hoarding goods and good joy when making notes and "buying and selling" will not be able to be stopped. For this reason, in the presence of relatively reasonable evidence, I tend to make a little judgment.
There are many note-takers, and the Song people seem to be even worse. Zhang Zongsong, a Qing dynasty man, once complained in the "Notes on the Poetry of Wang Jinggong": "The disease of the Commentators wearing more chisels and attachments, and the disease of thick stacks of vines. Lee searched for sources. Or if there is a slight similarity in the meaning of the word, then the cloud has a different origin, or the cloud does not have a detailed source. Have you ever tampered with old texts and forged stories in order to be suspicious and later scholars? The foreign text brought out when Du Shi was quoted in the "Miscellaneous Records of Yi JueLiao" was suspected of "changing the old text" to accommodate the source. The "Li clan" mentioned by Zhang Zongsong is Li Bi (一作璧), annotator of the Jinggong poets. Li Bi was a serious note-taker, and by no means like Du Shi's "pseudo-Su Notes" and the like, "wearing chiseled appendages, set as facts" (Guo Zhida's "New Periodical Correction Collection Notes on Du Shi Preface"), "Creating Texts with Events, One by One" (Chen Zhensun's "Explanation of the Records of the Zhizhai Book"). But after this, the psychology of the great poet "Yu Chen" was always a product of the general environment. Wang Anshi's poem "Sending Wu Zhengzhong but MengMa Xing's Capital Official Mei Shengyu Dabo and Sending Yi Yun Reward" has a sentence cloud: "Zhao Bing is now embarrassed han qi red." Li Bi's note:
Han Xin broke Zhao and established Han Chi. The red letter must have a different source.
Originally, the quotation "Han Xin broke Zhao, and Li Han Chizhi" was already clear enough, but why did Li Bi add a sentence "The red character must have no provenance"? This is probably because the verse says "Han Qi Hong", while the "History of The Marquis of Huaiyin" says "Li Han Chi Zhi", and the words used by Wang Shi do not seem to be tight enough. With Jing Gong Shuo learning high talent, there must be another wonderful thing. Another example is the sentence of "Xi Shuai" "One pill is worried about sealing the Han Valley, and a thousand horses drink the Wei Bridge for no reason", Li Bi notes:
According to the "Northern History Wei Xiao kuan praise": The eastern people will bully their people and will want to drink Ma Qingwei. And the "New Tang History turkic praise" also said: Yu Bo Wei Bridge, riding the Mengjing Division. However, if a pill of mud is the full text of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, it is also suspected that there is a thousand horses or other sources, and the public thinks that it is right.
Because the "one pill" in the Shanglian Isuu is an idiom in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Li Bi doubted that the "Thousand Horses" of the Lower Lian must also have its special provenance, and Jing Gong was happy to be so right. This kind of thinking seems reasonable, "a water protection field will be green, two mountains row to send green" is not from Wang Anshi's handwriting, because of the "Han language to Han language" and won the praise of the Song people? From this point of view, the note-takers have a cautious attitude toward the great poet's texts "suspicious of gods and ghosts" and "grass and trees are soldiers" (Qian Zhongshu's "Selected Notes on Song Poems" Huang Tingjian's small biography), especially Wang Anshi is famous for "making people accustomed to reading and not knowing their origins, and the so-called secret collectors of the poets". (Wei Yiweng's "Preface to Wang Jingwen's Official Poems") This is true. But it can also be seen from the other side. Like Li Bi, he felt that Wang Anshi had no word, no origin, and no pair of inappropriate presuppositions, although it was "prudent", in the end there was still a bit of a "courtier" mentality. Even if the master's degree is as talented as Wang Anshi, how can he be unconnected? "A water protection field will be green, and two mountains will be sent to the green" has won the reward of countless people, which always shows that it is a rare thing, and it cannot be encountered every day. Of course, Li Bi said that Wang Anshi may have some other roots, not necessarily cautious or blindly superstitious about the great poet, sometimes it may be a euphemism. For example, Wang Anshi's poem "Sending Zeng Zigu" has the sentence "Zhou Ren Gui Woman, Bian Que Famous Doctor", Li Bi's note:
"The Biography of Bian Que": "The name of the magpie is all over the world." Traveling to the Six Kingdoms, to Handan, hearing about Zhao Guinu's illness, Bian Que is the next doctor. Passing through Luoyang, smelling the Zhou people love the old, Bian Que is the doctor of eyes and ears. Entering Xianyang, the Qin people love children, that is, pediatric doctors. Change with the custom, no obstacles. "The noble lady is a Zhao person, not a Zhou person, now called Zhou, or has another source."
The matter was obvious, Wang Anshi accidentally misremembered, and could know without waiting for Li Bi to declare it. Li Bi did not say broken, Xu was following the legacy of the scribes who "did not break the notes,——, which was inevitably the appearance of "Yu Chen". But I have to admit that in the face of Wang Anshi's negligence in using the codex, Li Bi handled it very artistically.
In contrast, Zha Shenxing could not help but "argue very much", he was too obsessed with Su Shi. Su Shi's "Three Songs of Hezi by the Province of the First Day of the Night" and its second cloud: "White hair and fifty-three faces, the family remotely sent to try on the spring shirt." Towards the two sleeves of the heavenly incense, the silver flag on the head smiled A Xian. The word "Aham" here is a suspicious case. Let's start with Du Fu. Du Fu's "Du Wei Zhai Shou Nian" first Lianyun: "Guarding the age of Ah Rong's family, the pepper plate has been praised for flowers." "Ah Rong two words, one as Ah Xian. Du Fu and Du Wei were brotherly. Logically, the allusion of "Ah Xian" is an uncle and nephew affair (Nguyễn called nephew Nguyễn Hồn a ham), which is not commensurate, and the word "A Rong", although the allusions quoted by the commentators are different, are related to brothers, which makes sense. Therefore, the Ming Dynasty Hu Yu asserted that Ah Rong was the original text, and "the commentators changed it to Ah Xian, not knowing that Ah Xian was an uncle and nephew, and was not equivalent to his brother" (Du Shi Detailed Notes, vol. 2, cited). According to "Reading Du Xin Xie" Volume III, "Qian Zhi Du Shi" Volume 9 and quoting Hu Yu as saying this). Hu Yu suspected that this different text came from the commentators' vain changes, which was extremely insightful, because this kind of foreign text did not look like Du Fu's own rewriting of the poem, nor did it look like a mistake in the publication of the biography, and it was most likely that the commentators changed it in order to "restore" the perfect and rounded true face of Du Shi. We have just learned the lesson of Su Shi's "victory" and "Ren" texts, and we cannot help but express caution about this seemingly more perfect statement. Su Shi wrote poems, using the allusion of "Ah Xian Shou Nian" twice, which was inherited from Du Shi. This means that the book that Su Shi saw was "Ah Xian". It may be in this sense that the Song dynasty Guo Zhida said that "Du Shi Shan Ben should be Ah Xian" (Jiu Jia Ji Zhu Du Shi, vol. 18), and Hu Yu also admitted that "The Good Book was Ah Xian" (Qian Zhu Du Shi, vol. 9); in addition, the Song people "Xie Wuyi hand copied Chen Wuji's school book" also made "Ah Xian" (Shi Zhu Su Shi, vol. 22, "Zhang Qian ErJun See and Repeat Rhyme Answer"). So why is "Ah Xian" instead a vain change? This is the first place where Hu Yu can't justify himself. The second place is that we cannot imagine that the level of the note-takers is so low, and we are stunned that we will change "Arong" to "A-Chan" regardless of du Fu and Du Wei's brotherly relations; the reverse is in line with the hearts of the note-takers. If it is true, as Guo Zhida speculated, "Yi, Du Wei small character A Xian Ye" (Jiu Jia Ji Zhu Du Shi, vol. 18), then it is more likely that the Song Dynasty note writers believed that "Ah Xian" was a dictionary, which was not commensurate with the relationship between Du Fu and Du Wei's brothers, and changed it to "Ah Rong". Unfortunately, this suspicious case can never be decided. But the Su poems implicated in this case, we can comment on them. Quoting Su Shi's "Hezi by the Eve Yuan Day Province Su Zhi Zhai" its second sentence "the silver flag on the head laughs at Ah Xian", Cha Shenxing quotes the old note cloud: "Ah Xian, the old note has clouds: Wang Siluo, the small character arong, Wang Yanzhi congdier also." Zimei's poem "Du Wei Zhai Shou Nian", with Arong, is covered from this. Dongpo and Zi were misused for Aham ear. (Supplementary Notes on Dongpo Chronicles, vol. 30) The old saying (see Song Ren's Notes and Notes) refers to Dongpo's misuse of "Ah Xian", and Zha Shenxing was a little unhappy, adding a sentence to defend:
Dongpo uses Ahan, when the finger is by Zhulang, and at the end of the last chapter there is the phrase "but the new sentence is adjusted to the child", which may not refer specifically to The Son Yuya.
When Wang Wenxuan wrote the "Compilation and Annotation of Su Wenzhonggong's Poems", if he obtained the most precious treasure, he also quoted Zha Shenxing as a defense of Po Gong. It means that "Ah Xian" here may refer to Su Rui's sons, that is, Su Shi's nephews, which is not impossible. However, judging from the full poem we quoted above, "Hezi Yu Yu This is one of them. The title of the poem contains the word "except for the night", and the use of the dictionary is of course related to Du Shi's "Du Wei Zhai Shou Nian", and the "Ah Xian" in the sentence does not refer to brothers, but who else can it refer to? That's the second. Su Shi also wrote in the "Zhang Qian Erjun See and Repeat Rhyme Answer": "If you want to summon Ah Xian to guard the age, Lin Wutuo and Ma Dou are in a commotion. Once again, he wrote about "Ah Xian Shou Nian", an allusion to Gu Wuzheng, which can only come from Du Shi, and Du Shi clearly wrote it in his brother's house to keep the age. This is the third. Therefore, Cha Shenxing's defense is slightly weak. Thinking about it for a moment, Zha Shenxing could completely justify it like this: "The public office saw Du Ji like this, and Wu De said that he misused It? But in this way, it is as if to say that Su Shi is inevitably a "second-way dealer", or even a momentary misconduct, ignorant of the "Ah Xian" story. Su Shi's talent and learning do not need to be doubted at all, but for Zha Shenxing of "Yu Su", this kind of justification may be undesirable.
Looking at it calmly, Su Shi's use of things did not have to come from the original canon, the predecessors used it wrong, and he sometimes followed the same mistake. For example, the first link of "Ciyun Xuji": "Killing chickens did not invite Ji Lu, and the rice wrapper must first ask the son to come." The "wrapping rice" comes from Zhuangzi, but the "wrapping rice" is given by Zi Sang, not Zi Lai. Could it be that Su Shi misremembered? The Song Dynasty's "Fuzhai Manga" (quoted in "Yu Yin Cong Dialect of Cangxi") and "Can Change Zhai Manga" (it is said that the author of "Fu Zhai Manga" is Wu Zeng's elder, so "Can Change Zhai Manga" has many reasons. See Tang Mi's "Fu Zhai Manga" Compilation and Examination", Southwest University's 2018 master's thesis) and others have pointed out Han Yu's "Gift to Trisley" poem Yun: "In the past, ten days of rain, the son came cold and hungry... Then Su Shi "used" zi to do things, didn't he come from Han poetry instead of "Zhuangzi"? It is no coincidence that the main text of Song Wenren's "Detailed Notes on Mr. Changli's Collected Writings" and Zhu Xi's "Zhu Wen Gong School's Collection of Mr. Han Changli" are both written as "Zi Sang", and only traces of "Zi Lai" are still left in the small character notes. Wen Chen didn't even bother to say the objective words of "one work to come", and directly sandwiched the cloud "or made, not" ("Detailed Notes on The Collected Works of Mr. Chang Li", Vol. 1). Zhu Xiaoben under the note cloud "Fang Yun, examination of "Zhuangzi", the actual work of Zi Sang", then the main text is fixed (or changed?). For "Sang" may be the credit of Fang Songqing and others; this is probably what Zhu Xi praised fang Songqing for "not necessarily taking the old as the original, but following it" ("The Order of the Korean Examination"). And in the Qing Dynasty Fang Shiju's "Notes on the Chronicles of Han Changli's Poetry Collection", even the traces of "Zi Lai" in the clip notes were gone, as if they had never existed. This is probably another example of a note-taker "science school" to produce a perfect book, right?
But everything should be seen on two sides. Although the "servants" are single-minded, they still have an element of self-serving, which is difficult to ensure that they do not sell themselves in the name of the master. This is quite suitable for the story of Lu You and Lu Sheng's ancestors and grandchildren. The Poetry of the Western Qing Dynasty contains:
At the beginning of Xi Ning, Zhang Shilang became the Second Mansion and the Prince of Shihe. Gong He Yue: "Gong Xie Xiao Rules Shame Han Di, En Congkui Shi Surprise Yantai." Shi Lu Nongshi said: "Xiao Zhi Cao Sui, Emperor Gao on Gong, Xiao He First, all of them are real." And please start with Kui, the beginning of the word grace. Gong smiled and said, "Zi Shan asked also." Han Huizhi's "Cockfighting Joint Sentence" "Gratitude begins with Kui", if there is no evidence, should it be evil to the word Gong? "It is known that the predecessors used the word "thing" to be dry, to invert the eyebrows, to change clothes, gai cautiously so.
Lu Tuo's question was very sincere, and Wang Anshi's answer was tantamount to teaching Lu Tuo and the world a wonderful lesson. Li Bi's "Notes on the Poetry of Wang Jinggong" quotes this one; reading Chen Yinke's "Liu Ru is a Biography" in the past years, I remember that Chen Yinke also specifically picked up this example. Perhaps inspired by the story of Wang Anshi's answer to his grandfather's question, Lu Shengzhi also had a similar achievement. The Notes of the Old School of Learning contains:
Liu Zi Hou Shiyun: "The sharp mountains on the sea are like swords and swords, and autumn is everywhere to cut the intestines." Dongpo used the cloud: "Cut the sorrow and the sword and the mountain." Or it can be said to "cut the intestines", but not to say "cut the sorrows". Deceased brother Zhong Gaoyun: "Jin Zhang Wangshi said: 'Sorrow cannot be cut'. The origin of the word 'cut sorrow' also.
Lu Shengzhi (Lu You's "dead brother Zhonggao") has a wide range of reading and a careful heart, which is admirable. However, a little combing, it is inevitable to be a little suspicious of the sinus. Su Shi's original poem "White Crane Peak New Residence Wants to Become a Night Past Zhai Xiucai" "Tie the stuffy Luo with water, cut sorrow and sword and iron mountain" is self-noted, slightly cloudy: "Han Retreat's cloud 'water as a green Belt, the mountain as a jade hairpin', Liuzi Houyun 'The sea spikes like a sword, autumn everywhere cut the sad intestines', all Lingnan poems. Su Shi reminds the reader that his two sentences are "Lingnan poems" from Han and Liu, authentic local scenery. He did not say that he had also used Zhang Wangshi. Of course, with Su Shicai's high level of learning, there was no need to crumb at the self-injection source, which instead seemed to be inflected. The problem is that Zhang Wangshi is not a common poem, and in the case that even Han and Liu's "Lingnan poems" have to remind the reader of their own intentions, if zhang Wangshi is really the original of Dongpo, it seems that there is no reason to mention it. Perhaps Lu Shengzhi and Lu You did believe that Su Shi also used Zhang Wangshi here, but more perhaps, Lu Shengzhi used this Su poem as a stage to show his knowledge. Only then did we realize that the note-taker's habit of "doubting gods and ghosts," "grass and trees are soldiers," and even "wearing chisels and appendages" may not be entirely due to the belief that the great poets are omnipotent and have small words, but sometimes they are really itchy in their hearts. In this way, the other side of the "courtier" was originally the "proud minister": not subject to the control of the great poet on the desk. Poor Zun set carved liver land, together is my family racecourse! Inspired by this, we further realized that the note-takers "rationalized" the perfect book, nominally to restore the true face of the great poet, but in fact what is restored (perhaps "remodeled") is the ideal and logical true face,—— strictly speaking, we must add the key two words: "self" ideal, logical true face.
"Servants" and "proud ministers" are all joking names, they are always cute, not like the full number of "subjects", known as proofreading, only hastily fooled things. Therefore, their peculiar psychology at the time of annotation should not only be tolerated, but should also be regarded as the innate virtue of a good note-taker, even if it is a problem, it can be regarded as a "necessary sin". After all, no one or anything in the world is perfect. Since we have praised the "mental technique" of the note-taker, it is necessary to keep an eye on it. Otherwise, wouldn't you have failed them?
Editor-in-Charge: Yu Shujuan