More behind-the-scenes details of the birth of "two bombs and one star" were revealed-
The "meritorious" past in the cultural relics
Guo Yonghuai's nephew Guo Tao takes photos of Guo Yonghuai and introduces his deeds before his death.
A visitor takes photos of Deng Jiaxian and introduces his life deeds.
Zhu Guangya's son Zhu Ming looked at his father's photo from afar. China Youth Daily, China Youth Network reporter Wang Xinxin / photo
"Celery: You received your letter of October 19th. Your life has been properly arranged, and your squad is united, which is very good..."
On October 26, in a newly opened exhibition hall of the Science and Technology Museum of the China Academy of Engineering Physics (hereinafter referred to as the Chinese Academy of Physical Sciences), a handwritten letter written by Guo Yonghuai, a meritorious scientist of "two bombs and one star", was met with the public and attracted the attention of many people.
The new exhibition hall is called the "Two Bombs and One Star" Meritorious Hall, which displays the life deeds of the 9 scientists who have worked in the Academy of Sciences and some of the work and life objects. Many original exhibits, including Guo Yonghuai's family letter, are the first public appearance.
Guo Yonghuai's letter was written on November 3, 1968. At that time, Guo Yonghuai's daughter Guo Qin had just arrived in Inner Mongolia to start a life of zhiqing. In the cold winter in Inner Mongolia, Guo Qin wrote to her father, hoping that her father would help her buy a pair of cloth shoes. In a reply letter to his daughter, Guo Yonghuai said: "There are no cloth shoes for the time being, do you want to draw a foot sample and send it?" When you have the goods, you must buy. Here is a kind of flip cotton shoes, I wanted to buy a pair for you, because the size is not, did not dare to buy. ”
Thirty-two days later, on December 5, 1968, Guo Yonghuai was killed in a plane crash while returning to Beijing from the test base. This letter became the last family letter from Guo Yonghuai so far, and was later donated by his family to the Zhongwuyuan and stored in the archives of the hospital.
Many people, including the staff, have seen the original of the letter for the first time. Guo Yonghuai's nephew Guo Tao said that Mr. Guo had a habit of writing letters, and the date of payment did not write the year, nor did it sign, but only the title. The same is true of this letter, which is "Daddy 3/11".
At the end of the letter, Guo Yonghuai asked about his daughter's recent situation: "Is the hand good?" When working at the beginning, it should be noted that being too aggressive and careless are the same, and they are not right. Lin Yinliang, former director of the Political Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, sighed that this letter is really very precious, and the sincere feelings between father and daughter revealed in the letter are touching.
A number of descendants of the scientists attended the ceremony held on the same day. The exhibits in the display case carry the bits and pieces of the work and life of their fathers and grandparents.
In the exhibition hall, Yu Min's son Yu Xin saw a brown paper envelope signed by his father. "It's familiar to look at." When he was a child, he said, he sometimes ran errands for his father to send information, and the information was in such an envelope.
Yu Min is a famous nuclear physicist, known as the "father of the hydrogen bomb", and has won the highest national science and technology award, the medal of merit of two bombs and one star, and the order of the Republic. Among them, the certificate of the National High-tech Award is displayed in the exhibition hall.
As a son, Yu Xin remembers more than that of his father's mysterious and boring life. He remembered that it was difficult to see his father when he was a child, and when he fell asleep, his father often did not arrive home, and by the time he woke up in the morning, his father had already gone to work.
Yu Xin later figured out the law: when the nuclear weapons cause "goes up", it is often the time when his father is under the greatest pressure.
Zhu Guangya's son, Zhu Mingyuan, felt the same way. For a long time, he did not know what his father did, and could only guess roughly based on the books on his father's bookshelf that "his father was engaged in physics" according to the books on his bookshelf. He later concluded that his father was on a business trip before the government gazette of each nuclear test, and a few days after the communiqué was issued, his father returned. Based on this, he speculated that "my father may have built an atomic bomb."
This mysterious feeling lingered in the heart of the young Zhu Mingyuan for a long time. Once, at home, he found a "Zhu Dongsheng" work permit, but the photo was of his father. Before he could ask a question, his father took away his documents and "didn't say a word."
Zhu Mingyuan later learned that not only did Wang Ganchang have a pseudonym, but his father had also used a pseudonym.
In fact, the generation of scientists working on nuclear weapons is almost all mysterious. Zhu Mingyuan learned that after Guo Yonghuai was transferred from the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to work at the Ninth Institute of the Second Machine Department (the predecessor of the Chinese Academy of Physics), the Institute of Mechanics did not know what Guo Yonghuai was doing in the Ninth Institute.
"Doing earth-shattering things, doing anonymity and burying celebrities" is a portrayal of that generation of scientists. Until 1999, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, and the Central Military Commission solemnly commended 23 scientific and technological experts who had made outstanding contributions to China's "two bombs and one satellite" cause, and awarded them the "Medal of Merit for Two Bombs and One Star."
Among them, Yu Min, Wang Ganchang, Deng Jiaxian, Zhu Guangya, Chen Nengkuan, Zhou Guangzhao, Guo Yonghuai, Cheng Kaijia, Peng Huanwu and other 9 scientists have all worked in the Institute of Chinese Literature.
Now, more stories about China's nuclear weapons development have been revealed. Slide rules, explosives processing tools, hand-cranked computers... These objects in the exhibition hall, which seem "simple" today, let the world know more behind the scenes of the birth of the national heavy weapon.
Upon learning of the news of the "two bombs and one satellite" meritorious service hall, Chen Nengchun, the younger sister of metal physicist Chen Nengkuan, was very happy. She entrusted her daughter Tang Hongling to give a speech, and Tang Hongling said that this is a very meaningful thing, which can make people remember the noble spirit and extraordinary contributions of scientists, and also inspire future generations to continue to forge ahead and forge ahead.
Hang Yihong, secretary of the party committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the precious historical relics such as family letters, watches, and cameras displayed in the hall came from the generous donations of the family and friends of the founding father of the "two bombs and one star." These historical relics span time and space, witnessing the glory days of the founding fathers who gave up their good life abroad, rushed to the motherland, took root in the deep mountains of the Gobi, and devoted themselves to scientific research, condensing the spiritual character of the older generation of scientists who selflessly forgot themselves and promised the country with their own example.
More details of the lives of that generation of scientists may only be known to their families. Yu Xin said that due to the heavy mental pressure and excessive fatigue in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area, his father's condition was getting worse and worse, and he suddenly went into shock shortly after returning to Beijing, and he was sent to the hospital overnight for rescue before he got out of the dangerous situation. After that, my father's body never fully recovered.
Zhu Mingyuan remembers that one day after Guo Yonghuai was killed, the staff came to his home and sent a sum of money and a bag of wool. The money was brought back to Beijing by his father, Zhu Guangyato, and Guo Yonghuai.
Most of these 9 scientists have the experience of staying in the Ocean. The exhibition hall displays Leica cameras, Omega watches, etc., recording their work and life abroad.
When the country needed it, they chose to "retrograde". In the exhibition hall, a sentence from Academician Cheng Kaijia recorded the choice of that generation, and the winner of the country's highest science and technology award said: "I am a Chinese, I cannot go to the United States to shout long live the United States, I can only shout long live China." My greatest wish in this life is for the country to become stronger and national defense to become stronger. ”
Zhu Mingyuan likes the lyrics of "Love of the Republic": "Even if you fall to the ground, a heart still holds you." He said that the feelings of his father's generation for the country were extraordinary, "even if the country experiences a miserable storm, I will not leave you."
This spirit is also passed on in the family. Yu Xin said that his father often said that China's nuclear weapons development is the cause of "millions of people" and the cause of "you have me, I have you", and everyone must "unite sincerely and cooperate closely."
In the exhibition hall, next to Yu Min's photo was written a sentence he had said: Sooner or later, a person's name is not to be had, and it is enough to be able to integrate the meager strength into the strength and prosperity of building the motherland. (Reporter Wang Xinxin)
Source: China Youth Daily