The fifth set of renminbi
Chinese calligraphy, wonderful elegance, endless charm.
In life, calligraphy can be seen everywhere,
Small to home pendants, large to old-fashioned sign plaques,
Can't escape the shadow of calligraphy,
This is the moving aspect of the art of calligraphy.
It is true that calligraphy is not far from our lives,
And today, we have to say
It is closely related to everyone
Calligraphy on the renminbi.
Calligraphy of "Chinese Bank"
The six big characters of "Chinese Min bank" have been used for more than 60 years from the publication of the second set of renminbi to the current fifth set of renminbi. "Multi-strength, strength and strength, rigidity and softness, heavy gestures, rhyme, both Zhuang Xiu of Lishu and the strength of Wei Bei..." This is people's general evaluation of the six words "Chinese Bank" on the current fifth set of renminbi.
Although the words are beautiful, many people do not know whose hand these six words come from. This question has also caused great controversy in the industry, who wrote these six big words? The answer was once elusive.
It was not until September 1984, when the head office of the Chinese Min min bank issued an official letter, that the name of the person who wrote the most exposed calligraphy was finally announced, Ma Wenwei.
I believe that this name is very unfamiliar to many people, yes, Mr. Ma is neither a calligrapher nor a popular figure, so why does his character appear on the renminbi that is closely related to the Chinese? Today, let's take a look at the legendary story of national currency calligraphy!
Ma Wenwei
He was falsely framed and wrongly classified as a "rightist"
In 1904, Mr. Ma Wenwei was born in a family in the laneway of Huangzhai Village, Yangqu County, Shanxi Province. After finishing elementary school, his father, who read poetry intensively and made a living as a small book, because he considered his livelihood, hoped that Xiao Wenwei could take the same business road as himself, and arranged for him to become a young man in a shop early. However, Ma Wenwei did not obey his father's orders, but secretly ran to Taiyuan City to apply for the Shanxi National Normal School. After graduating in 1925, he was admitted to Nanjing Central University.
After graduation, Mr. Ma, who came from an ordinary background, also served as the director of the Zhen Verification Department of the Personnel Department of the Central Trust Bureau of the Kuomintang. However, during this period, due to his arrogant nature, lack of selfishness, and no backing, he was framed for no reason, and was dismissed by Kong Xiangxi for this reason. At that time, Ma Wenwei, who was mistakenly classified as a rightist, had to return to his hometown with his family and his mouth to make a living for himself.
Ma Wenwei, who is deeply in trouble, in the face of slander and endless suffering, still has a low profile and integrity, in the decades-long trough of life, in the face of the world's exclusion and criticism, he is not discouraged at all, resolutely chose to travel around the landscape, immerse himself in financial research, and created many works during the period.
After the limelight passed and the truth came out, Kong Xiangxi invited Ma Wenwei to return to the central bank as the director of the department, but was unexpectedly rejected by Ma Wenwei. Ma Wenwei would rather be unemployed than be framed by others, and in the end, with amazing perseverance and words and deeds, proved to the world that the clean people are self-purifying, and the turbid people are self-purifying.
Yin and yang mistakenly become the national currency writing person,
Six-character shen yun has traveled all over the country!
After the peaceful liberation of Peiping, Ma Wenwei, who was still unemployed, has been idle at home. One day on the street, he happened to meet Bo Yibo, then political commissar of the Beijing Military Control Commission, and when Bo Yibo asked About Ma Wenwei's current situation, Ma Wenwei smiled helplessly, waved his hand, and said that there was nothing to do. Therefore, Bo Yibo gave Zhang a note to Ma Wenwei and recommended him to find Nan Hanchen, who was then the president of the Chinese Min Bank, when the Chinese Min Bank had just been established and was in urgent need of talents from all walks of life.
A few days later, Ma Wenwei went to visit Nan Hanchen, and when Nan Hanchen looked at the person in front of him who was the "old Xi'er" (the nickname for shanxi people) who bumped into Kong Xiangxi in Chongqing, he couldn't help but laugh and then said, Tomorrow you will come to work. In June 1949, Ma Wenwei officially joined the Institute of Finance of the Chinese Bank and served as a researcher.
The second set of renminbi
Subsequently, Chinese Min min bank received the task of collecting texts for the second set of renminbi. According to the usual practice, the person who writes the inscription should be a line leader or a well-known person in society. For example, the name of the line on the first set of renminbi was inscribed by Comrade Dong Biwu, and the name of the Bank of China was written by Guo Moruo. Whether to continue to use the first edition of the text, or to seek a new word, Nan Hanchen after careful consideration, or can not decide.
When he was anxious, president Nanxing thought of Mr. Ma Wenwei next to him. Mr. Ma is not only knowledgeable, but also has a high foundation in cultural calligraphy. One day in 1950, the Governor of the South Bank deliberately borrowed a court pen from the Palace Museum. During the lunch break, he mysteriously called Ma Wenwei to his office. After a few small words, President Nan went straight to the subject, took out a pen, and asked Ma Wenwei if he was willing to write a few words and try the pen.
At that time, Ma Wenwei did not react, thinking that it was really just a test of the pen, so he casually asked: "What to write?" ”
President Ma replied, "Just write a few words about our bank." Therefore, Ma Wenwei wrote several sets of "Chinese Bank" and "one, two, three, wu, pick, circle, horn, and minute" and year numbers according to the meaning of president Nan, a total of nineteen Chinese characters.
At that time, after the white rice paper was used up, it was written on various colors of tiger skin rice paper, both yellow and green. After writing, Ma Wenwei began to realize that the words he wrote might be used in rmb, so he said nervously: "The writing is not good, if it is useful, you can cut it and pick it, this 'silver' word is a little dissatisfied." ”
"Chinese Bank" and "One, Two, Three, Wu, Pick, Circle, Corner, Point" calligraphy
Subsequently, after careful screening, President Nan selected a better set of inkblots and compared them with other collected inkblots, and in the end, he chose Ma Wenwei's ink treasure. Finally, after the head office sent the second set of renminbi bills designed to Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and other leading comrades for review, confirmation, revision and reporting, the words written by Ma Wenwei appeared on the second set of renminbi.
That is, Mr. Ma Wenwei wrote these chinese characters with beautiful fonts and thick pen strength in the relaxed state that he did not know before.
For more than 30 years of state secrecy,
The truth has alarmed the Central Bank!
With the issuance of the second set of renminbi, and then to the later has been used, Ma Wenwei's six-character charm has traveled all over the country, and Mr. Ma has always not sought fame and fortune, the breeze is bright, and for more than 30 years he has kept the secret of this national currency calligraphy for the party and the country, and has not mentioned a word.
Unexpectedly, in 1983, when a small piece of information published in a newspaper, "The Chinese characters on the renminbi are written by Ji Chaoding", which caused a strong reaction in the society, Ma Wenwei, who was straight, smiled calmly after seeing the newspaper, and then slowly talked to his daughter Ma Mei about the process of writing in that year.
Ma Lao stood under the sign of Chinese Min Bank and took a group photo with everyone
After the daughter knew the truth, she felt that it was necessary to let the world know the truth, so she wrote a letter to her father overnight and sent it to the head office. After receiving the letter, the Central Headquarters attached great importance to this matter, and even sent people to Jinjin twice to carry ma Wenwei's original manuscript in the "Top Secret No. 1" file bag to conduct in-depth investigation and technical appraisal. After comprehensive analysis by experts, the final conclusion was made: the "Chinese Bank" and other Chinese characters on the second set of renminbi were written by Ma Wenwei.
In September 1984, the head office of the Chinese Min min bank issued an official letter pointing out: "Comrade Ma Wenwei is an old intellectual who contributed to the construction of the bank, and in 1950, he was entrusted by the president of the Southern Han Dynasty to write the words 'Chinese Min Bank' for the renminbi. As soon as this letter was issued, it shocked the whole country, and at this point, the truth of the six-character mystery of "Chinese Bank" was revealed, and Ma Wenwei's name was also closely linked to the national currency.
Chinese issued a document by the head office of the People's Bank of China
"Chinese Bank" in simplified chinese,
Not all of Marvin's!
Simplified "Chinese Bank"
Mr. Ma Wenwei's six characters of "Chinese Bank" inscribed in lishu are full of strength, which is a variation of Han Li and Wei Monument, elegant and harmonious, rigid and soft. Although the basic strokes are still subordinate to the book, the glyphs are similar to the Wei Stele, especially the "Epitaph of Zhang Heinu" in the Wei Stele, which is very charming. The words are indeed good, but one thing we must know is that the simplified version of "Chinese Bank" that we see now is not all from Mr. Ma Wenwei's pen!
Epitaph of Zhang Heinu
Ma Wenweilin's Epitaph of Zhang Heinu
In 1956, the State Council published the first simplified list of Chinese characters, but the well-known chinese characters "Chinese Bank" on the renminbi were changed from traditional characters to simplified characters in 1980.
At that time, the head office decided to change the traditional "guo" of "Chinese Bank" to the simplified "guo" and "silver" to "silver", and once sent a letter to Ma Wenwei, who lived in Yangqu County, and once again asked Mr. Ma Wenwei to rewrite the simplified "guo" and "silver". However, at that time, Mr. Ma Wenwei was 80 years old, had asthma, and his grip was unstable, so Mr. Ma was unable to write these two simplified Chinese characters.
Ma Wenwei calligraphy
The final task fell to the experts of the Beijing Printing Factory. After carefully copying Mr. Ma Wenwei's pen style, they finally copied the simplified "country" and "silver". Therefore, in the simplified version of the "Chinese Bank" that we see now, the "mouth" of the word "guo" and the word "gong" of the word "silver" are still the original traces of Ma Lao, while the comrades next to "jade" and "jin" are processed and written by the comrades of the printing factory on the basis of Ma Lao, but the overall writing style is still Ma Lao's.
The fourth set of renminbi not only changed "guo" and "silver" from traditional characters to simplified characters, but also changed the "horn" that represented the face value of the main currency to simplified characters, and the "corner" of the original circulation of 1 corner and 2 corners could not be erected in the middle, and the "corner" of the new glyph was also used, and the middle one was vertical. The two horizontal characters in the middle of the "贰" character of RMB 2 were also changed to standardized simplified characters.
Mr. Ma Wenwei who practices writing
Now
"Chinese Bank",
These six quaint and beautiful Chinese characters,
Widely used in major symbols and coins,
All aspects related to the RENMINBI,
All present the beauty of Ma Lao's handwriting.
It can be said that Mr. Ma's calligraphy
It's liked by generations of Chinese.
It is also the most unique and influential in the Chinese calligraphy community.
The most widely used calligraphy works!
Fifth edition of the Local Luxury Gold