Sanhechang Chengshun Bridge (Photo courtesy of Xindu District Geological Records Office, 1984)
Three Rivers Field Old House
In the past 15 years, the new capital Sanhe has undergone several place name changes: from the "Sanhe Township" that has been used for many years, to the "Sanhe Town" in 2002, and then to the "Sanhe Street" in 2004.
The three rivers are, of course, the same three rivers.
But the Three Rivers are no longer the Three Rivers I remember. Not at all.
At the north gate of Chengdu, soldiers and families must fight for land
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the place of Sanhe was "Tuojiang Town" ("Yuanfeng Jiuyu Zhi"), but it is not known when it was revived and when it was abolished. According to the definition of "town" at that time, Tuojiang Town must be a prosperous place, especially the adjacent river in the region runs through, there are many tributaries, and the water transportation conditions are unique.
When did "Three Rivers Field" get its name? God knows. We only know that because the Ma'an River outside the South Field Mouth is flowing in conjunction with the three streams of the Majianian River and the Tangjiayan River, the town is named "Three Rivers".
The Qing Dynasty's "Chengdu Fuzhi" first mentioned "Three Rivers Field". According to the record of the book "Li Shijie's Record of Building Roads at the North Gate", due to the war and chaos in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the roads in Chengdu have fallen into disrepair for a long time, and they can no longer meet the needs of industrial and commercial development and people's lives. Li Shijie (1716-1794), who had been the governor of Sichuan twice during the Qianlong period, advocated the construction of roads, led his subordinates to donate money for road construction, mined nearby mountain stones to pave the road, and later after he became the governor of Jiangnan, he also "continued to pave the three rivers".
In the early years of the Republic of China, Tiancheng Township was established in the outer north of Chengdu, and Sanhe Field came under its jurisdiction. I have the impression that there is a large farm in Tianhui Town called "Tiancheng Garden", and the original name comes from this.
In the 10th year of the Republic of China (1921), Tiancheng Township was divided into two townships, Tianhui and Sanhe- Tianhui is said to have a great relationship with Tang Xuanzong Li Longji. Tang Xuanzong, in order to avoid the "Anshi Rebellion", came from Chang'an to Nanjing (Chengdu was also known as Nanjing in the Tang Dynasty), and had already seen the city of Chengdu, and the news of the victory of the counter-rebellion came, and Li Longji immediately turned around and returned to the capital.
"The Son of Heaven thus returned to Luang", hence the name "Tianhui", and was even more famous for Li Jieren's 1935 novel "Backwater Weilan".
Until 1952, the three rivers belonged to the boundaries of Chengdu County. In 1952, Chengdu County was abolished, and Sanhe Township was transferred to Xindu County.
Because of its special location, Sanhe has been an important pass of chengdu's north gate since ancient times, especially the biqiao on the bihe river, which is a place where soldiers and families must fight.
In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the displaced rebel army led by Li Te repeatedly defeated the army under the command of Yizhou Assassin Shi Luoshang at Biqiao.
During the late Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao invaded Bashu, besieged Chengdu, and engaged in several fierce battles with the Tang army at Biqiao. The Tang army defeated the Nanzhao army three times and relieved the "Siege of Chengdu".
In 1933, Liu Wenhui launched the "Battle of Bihe" and Deng Xihou to fight for territory, Sanhe Field was an important area for the battle between the two sides, and the Biqiao bridge was also destroyed with several holes.
Through history, we can still faintly see -
In 1235, the sound of the horse's hooves of the Mongolian iron horse roared from here to the capital city of Chengdu. After the destruction of the city, the Mongolian army slaughtered 1.4 million people, which was a tragic scene in the history of Chengdu.
In 1637, after Li Zicheng's army burned the new capital on fire, he swarmed across the biqiao and entered the Zhaojue Temple in the north of the city, and the soldiers approached Chengdu.
……
Chengshun Bridge over the Saddle River
There is also a very important bridge in Sanhe, Chengshun Bridge, located on the Ma'an River on the old street of Sanhechang.
Chengshun Bridge is said to have been built by a Qing Dynasty merchant Liu Shouqian with the support of his mother. After repairing it, he took the meaning of "accepting the official's order and following the mother's will" and named it "Chengshun Bridge".
Xindu ginger candy was born in Sanhe, it is said that it was created in the fourth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1854), has a history of more than two hundred years, during the Republic of China period, There were more than ten ginger candy workshops in Sanhe, the most famous of which is "Ma Guixing Ginger Candy". My biggest impression of Chengshun Bridge is that there is a wooden loft in the north of the bridge, there is a "Ma Guixing Ginger Candy", and the sign is very conspicuous. But it closed its doors long ago, leaving only the large signboard and the wooden attic slowly dilapidated. About 10 years ago, I heard that a large truck got out of control when it got off the bridge, rushed into the wooden attic, and knocked the house across. It was not repaired until it was demolished when the hotel supplies market was built here.
Numerous traces of human activity
In the long river of history, the three rivers have left many traces of human activities, and the cliff tomb is one of the representatives.
The terrain of Sanhe is half plain and half hilly, and the hilly area includes Fanyang Mountain, Majia Mountain and Tianhui Mountain. In 1979, people found han dynasty cliff tombs when they broke through the mountains and soil in Majiashan Mountain, and later archaeologists excavated 15 cliff tombs.
There are many pottery figurines and portrait bricks in the excavated cultural relics, especially one of which is the most outstanding of the Eastern Han Rap Figurines, representing the highest level of sculpture art at that time - now, the Eastern Han Rap Figurines have become one of the symbols of the history and culture of xindu.
When I was a child, I often saw many caves on the waist of the hilly mountain facing the plain, which people called "Barbarian Cave" or "Barbarian Cave". When I went inside, I found that some of the holes also had stone tables, stone benches, etc. Now it seems that the so-called "barbarian cave" or "barbarian cave" is actually a "cliff tomb" that has been stolen and dug. In times of war, it often became a place of refuge for people.
To this day, there are descendants of the tang dynasty royal family
In the rolling hills of the Three Rivers, the descendants of the Tang Dynasty royal family still live today.
Sanhe is a place where Hakka people live. The Hakka family surnamed Li who lived in the villages of Fanyang, Shanxiu, Beishiyan and Wulong were descendants of Tang Zhaozong and were based on the "Li Family Tree".
In 902, Jiedu had Zhu Wen hold Tang Zhaozong hostage and move the capital to Luoyang. The third prince, Li Qi, took advantage of his illness to escape, first hiding in Yixing County, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, to grow melons for generations; at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, his fourteenth grandson Li Min moved to Changle County, Xunzhou, Guangdong; in the middle of the Kangxi Dynasty, Li Min's twelfth grandson Rongsheng and other brothers moved to Sichuan and settled in the Area of Sanhe Fanyang Mountain. Since entering Sichuan, the descendants of the Li clan have been passed down from seven to eleven generations of grandchildren.
Erjiangtuo should be a special place in Sanhe, because the bend of the river forms a large backwater tuo, which becomes a bustling wharf. During the Light Years of the Qing Dynasty, Erjiangtuo Wharf was already the main wharf connecting Chongqing and Neijiang for water freight, and was known as the freight throughput of "thousands of pigs and sheep and millions of tons of rice".
During the Republic of China period, Han Shijun, a former Qing Xiucai, wrote an inscription for the Sanyi Bridge rebuilt in Banzhu Garden, and mentioned "Erjiangtuo": "The upper reaches are the Dragon Bridge, look at the spring water peach blossoms, and the red rises and competes for the sanyi boundary; the lower confluence should have no frightening waves, listen to the autumn wind and reed leaves, and fly across the Erjiangtuo with blue sails." ”
With the prosperity of land transportation, the scene of Erjiangtuo's "bifan flying ferry" gradually disappeared.
Traditional agriculture has largely disappeared
In Sanhe, it is not easy to find traces of the past, even some place names are the same: Changqiao Village and Longmen Village merged into "Changlong Community", Erjiang Village and Dadong Village merged into "Gangneung Community"...
Originally, the villages of Wulong, Songbai (Ertaizi), Beishiyan, Shanxiu, Fanyang and Huilong in Sanhe belonged to the hilly terrain. You know, compared with the Chengdu Plain, the natural conditions of the hills are quite poor: the soil is poor, the air permeability is poor, the water is seriously scarce, rice cannot be planted, and the soil is very cohesive, it is slippery when it meets water, and it is hard as iron when dry, and the traffic is very inconvenient.
As the saying goes, "The yellow mud road is long and curved, the rainy day is like the rubber leg is broken, and the sunny day is like the grinding of knives and shoes." "Therefore, the life of peasant households in the hilly areas is relatively difficult, and girls hope to marry into the Pingba family."
It's different now. Since the opening of Shulong Avenue in 2005, the traffic conditions in the hilly area have been fundamentally improved. Several famous real estate projects have been built here, and the barren hills have erected high-end residences, becoming a treasure trove of human habitation. The lives of the locals are no longer what they used to be.
Sweeping the Sanhe area, traditional agriculture has basically disappeared, and in 20 years, the wave of urbanization has quickly swept the Three Rivers.
In the early years, there was only one main street in MikawaBa, and now the old houses have completely disappeared, and only the general pattern of the streets is still preserved. Occupying half of the old street, the "Jinmen Gate", which calls itself the "Scenic Spot at the Beginning of the South Silk Road", is a new building and a traditional style, but it cannot find a little shadow of the old Three Rivers. Wang Liang