Walk the streets of Newcastle,
It's like going back to 18th and 19th century Britain,
Buildings full of history,
Friendly smiling faces,
All of them can make you feel the connotation and charm of this cultural city
This city is more than 2,000 years old
What kind of story is it?
Ten old photos today
Follow the timeline into Newcastle
1. The history of 'Castle' in the Newcastle name
(Left) Newcastle Castle in 1954; (Right) Castle today; Image: chroniclelive.co.uk
Newcastle Castle was built in a medieval fortification and is also deeply engraved in the name of the city of Newcastle. What remains today is mainly the castle's Keep structure– the stone tower that was mainly used as a defensive function at that time, and the Black Gate – which was used as a defensive gatehouse.
From 1172 to 1177, when Henry II built the stone-framed castle, it cost £1,444; in the 13th century, the castle continued to be fortified with stone walls, and in 1589, Queen Elizabeth I "criticized" the construction of the castle as too expensive.
Today, the castle is open to the public, and students interested in history can book a visit from May 22nd! （newcastle.co.uk)
2. The first indoor train station
Newcastle Central Station, which connects Newcastle to major British cities, is the world's first indoor train station! It was unveiled by Queen Victoria in 1850 and officially put into use.
3. Joseph Swan with the first incandescent lamp
In 1878 Joseph Swan was granted the first patent for an incandescent lamp, and in 1879 Joseph presented the first electric lamp he invented to more than 700 spectators of the Newcastle Literary and Philosophical Society. His residence also became the world's first private residence illuminated by electric lights.
In 1860, Joseph Swan invented the prototype of the incandescent lamp, the semi-vacuum carbon wire electric lamp, due to the limitations of vacuum technology at that time, the electric lamp life was not long enough. In 1875, Swann refined his invention. In 1878, Swann was granted a patent for incandescent lamps a year before Edison. Due to patent disputes, in 1883 Joseph Swan, together with Thomas Edison, founded the Ediswan Electric Light Company.
4. The first street lit by incandescent lamps
*Image courtesy of Newcastle Library
On February 3, 1879, Mosley Street became the first public road in the world to be lit by an incandescent light bulb invented by Joseph Swan.
5. The father of modern epidemiology was born in Newcastle
A graduate of Newcastle Medical School, John Snow is a pioneer in anesthesiology and epidemiology.
During the third cholera pandemic, he was credited with making significant contributions to the study of the 1854 Cholera outbreak in Broad Street, known as the "Father of epidemiology" or "Father of modern epidemiology"
He was the first medical scientist to study calculating the amount of ether used in anesthetics. He also found that chloroform could be used as an anesthetic. When Queen Victoria gave birth to her last two children, Prince Leopold and Princess Betson in 1853 and 1857, Snow boldly applied chloroform to Queen Victoria to alleviate the pain of her childbirth, which gained widespread public acceptance for anesthetics.
6. North East England
The first computer appeared on the Newcastle campus
*Computing Laboratory, University of Newcastle, circa 1956. Images courtesy of the Newcastle University Special Collection and Archives
The Ferranti Pegasus computer was the first computer used at Newcastle University and was installed in November 1957 and is considered the first computer in the entire North East of the United Kingdom. In the following two years, Newcastle University became the first university in the UK to offer computer programming courses for undergraduate students.
In order to use Ferdinand, the program needs to be prepared on paper tape and then loaded into the computer by elizabeth Barraclough, the university's first Ferranti Pegasus computer operator, who is later the director of the Computing Services Department at Newcastle University.
At the time, it was the largest IBM computer in a British university and the first time-sharing computer in Europe – a computer that could be used by many different users at the same time, greatly reducing the cost and speed of developing and running computer programs.
7. Art?! Newcastle is no exception
In 1879, after Richard Hamilton exhibited his seminal work Man, Machines and Motion at the Hatton Gallery on the Newcastle campus, Newcastle became the birthplace of pop art.
8. What fans want: St James' Park
Built in 1892, St James's Park is the stadium home of Premier League club Newcastle United and has a capacity of 52,305 seats, making it the eighth largest football stadium in England.
In addition to club football, St James's Park is also used in international football, at the 2012 Olympic Games, for Rugby Union Magic Weekend, Rugby Union World Cup, Premier League and England Test Matches, charity football events, rock concerts, and multiple scenes as a film and tv reality show.
9. It took only three years to complete
Tyne Bridge: the pride of an industrial city
The Tyne Bridge is one of the city's greatest symbols of industrial pride and engineering prowess. The bridge building began in August 1925 and took only three years to complete this huge building. The bridge was built of steel and granite, using shipbuilding techniques welded together with rivets and panels.
Bridge construction was a very dangerous job at the time, and the builder risked his life to climb high on the River Tyne, as agile as Spider-Man. Workers worked 80 feet above the river without seat belts or ropes. Their agility and ability to work from heights is second to none.
10. Prince Philip visits the Newcastle campus
On 28 November 1951, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, arrived on campus to inaugurate the Stephenson Building, on which prince Philip was awarded the honorary Doctor of Civil Law.
He visited then King's College (which became Newcastle University in 1963) and attracted a large number of onlookers. The campus newspaper at the time reported on the visit and said it was a "fun and colorful" event, with professors and lecturers in colorful costumes and students in black jumping out on the page.
The yellowed photo of Newcastle is full of stories
Today's Newcastle is even more colorful
And the story behind these old photos
Not only did it become part of the city
It has also become an eternal pride in the hearts of Newcastle people
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