We have long known that skin allergies are associated with cosmetics. Every year, hundreds of studies add a lot of information about the safety of cosmetic ingredients. As a result, new usage rules and restrictions keep emerging.
So the question is, which ingredients are most likely to cause allergies? It's important to remember that cosmetic regulations impose restrictions on the use of some ingredients, requiring warnings and precautions to be noted on labels, and we've put together three of the most important sensitizing ingredients.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >1 flavors and fragrances</h1>
This is the most common allergen and is the most leading cause of allergic contact dermatitis in cosmetics. Spices can be natural or chemically synthesized. In the European Union, there are 26 fragrance allergens, which must be indicated on the product label when their concentration in resident products (e.g. creams and perfumes) exceeds 0.001% and in rinse products (shampoos and shower gels).
The most easily sensitized of these ingredients are geraniol, cinnamal (cinnamic aldehyde), hydroxycitronellal, cinnamic alcohol, eugenol (eugenol), isoeugenol (isoeugenol), amyl cinnamic aldehyde (aldehyde), linalool (linalool and oakmoss.
However, there are about 3,000 substances used in spice compounds, many of which are not well known, and whose use may be prohibited. Therefore, people who are prone to allergies are recommended to use hypoallergenic or fragrance-free cosmetics.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >2 preservatives</h1>
These active ingredients kill microbes that contaminate cosmetics; they also react with the skin, promoting the formation of contact dermatitis. The type of preservative and the dermatitis they cause can change over time. A few years ago, formaldehyde and parabens were the most important preservatives that caused allergies. However, the new preservatives in today's cosmetic formulations can also lead to another light sensitivity problem.
The most perishable preservatives that are most likely to cause allergies are methyldibromo glutaronitrile (banned in resident products in Europe since 2008), formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing ingredients: quaternary ammonium-15 and bis (hydroxymethyl) imidazodinylurea (diazolidinyl). urea) and imidazolidinyl urea, isothiazolinones (the isothiazolinones) and iodopropynyl butylcarbamate. Compared to all these infamous preservatives, parabens cause relatively low allergy rates.
Today's cosmetics manufacturers are trying to improve their products, minimize the amount of preservatives used, use containers that are specially designed to prevent cosmetic contamination, and choose safer preservatives – remember, there is no completely safe preservative in the world.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >3 dye</h1>
Most colorants, including hair dyes, are powerful sensitizers. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is the most famous and widely used colorant, and therefore the most allergic colorant to consumers. In different colorants, there are also many cross-allergic reactions. The law strictly limits the concentration of these ingredients, making it mandatory to label these products with a warning on the forehead label.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >4 There are many different allergens</h1>
In addition to these three most important types of allergens, there are many ingredients that are also sensitizing substances. However, their lower allergy rate is mainly due to their low use and lower allergenicity.
Nail art products (nail polish and artificial nails) contain toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin, nitrocellulose and other resins, not to mention acrylates, which are the main components of artificial nails. It is worth noting that about 80% of allergies appear farther away from the site of application.
As for sunscreen, its sensitization rate is low, but allergies increase as the frequency of sunscreen use increases. The most irritating ingredients in sunscreens are benzophenone (oxybenzone and avobenzone).
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Why are cosmetics contaminated with bacteria? </h1>
Colonies (blush, lip gloss, foundation, lipstick and mascara) grown from cosmetics that have been left for too long and have bacteria breeding in Petri dishes
· This is because cosmetics contain water, minerals and oily substances of animals and plants, which are all breeding grounds for bacteria. This is why cosmetics must be supplemented with natural and synthetic preservatives to ensure that it can be more durable antibacterial. Some friends will worry that preservatives will affect the effect or bad things, in fact, do not worry about this problem, all cosmetics contain preservatives, otherwise cosmetics will deteriorate in a few days, and the normal amount will not affect the effect of cosmetics. The legendary cosmetics without added preservatives may really be additive-free when the manufacturer finally operates, but it is added at the source of the ingredients, and the merchant is right to say so.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > what are the dangers of using cosmetics contaminated with microorganisms? </h1>
· Under normal circumstances, there are also bacteria on cosmetics, but many of these bacteria are not pathogenic. When cosmetics are contaminated, the surface microbial environment will change, and the number of pathogenic bacteria will increase significantly. Microbiological purity testing of cosmetics often detects relatively anaerobic bacteria in the genus Staphylococcus from contaminated cosmetics, such as the well-known Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. warneri. In addition, there are Bacillus spp., Clostridium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Micrococcus spp., Xanthobacterium spp.
· Staphylococcus aureus is a natural human microflora that can cause purulent skin infections such as folliculitis, syphilis, boils, purulent sweat glands and bacterial conjunctivitis. In addition, neonatal bullous pustular disease may also be caused. This bacterium is explicitly prohibited from appearing in newly produced cosmetics
· The most common of hand creams and lotions are fungi such as Aspergillus albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium, which not only reduce the quality of cosmetics, but also cause infections of the skin, mucous membranes, hair and nails.
· Many girls' favorite eyeshadows and mascara are most likely contaminated by Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and a few are also contaminated with Corynebacter, Acinetobacter, Morakella, Neisseria and fungi. They can cause pneumonia, ear and eye infections, etc.
· Of course, this is not to say that as long as the cosmetics are contaminated, they will definitely get these diseases, and the bacteria need to meet some conditions, such as reduced autoimmunity, enough bacteria content, etc., but in any case, often walk by the river where there are not wet shoes, every day with pathogenic bacteria, the probability of getting sick will definitely increase, so it is recommended that you must be careful and pay attention!
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<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >What should we do since cosmetics are likely to be contaminated with bacteria? Be sure to pay attention to these 5 points. </h1>
· 1. Try not to share cosmetics with others
Scientific research has found that the bacteria content in cosmetics shared by many people is much higher than that of cosmetics used by single people, so we should try to avoid sharing a cosmetics with others. The most common place to share cosmetics is in the family, friends, many people like to share cosmetics with their mothers, very convenient and fast, and mother's cosmetics seem to be more advanced, in fact, you are also sharing bacteria with your mother. Another occasion is the large shopping mall or counter inside the big brand trial, cosmetic tools such as powder, brush, and some mascara, because it is free so use casually, you know, where everyone tries the same thing, the number of people trying every day dozens of people, which is easy to cross infection, the skin is very prone to allergic reactions.
If you have to share lipstick with others, it is recommended to use a blade to cut off the contact surface at the end of the lipstick before using it, or try the lipstick on the side.
· 2, pay attention to use within the shelf life
Just like food, cosmetics also have a shelf life, and the preservatives in cosmetics after the shelf life are gradually ineffective, and the growth of harmful microorganisms cannot be controlled. When buying cosmetics, it is best to find a shelf life on the packaging, although the manufacturer stipulates that the unopened shelf life is 3 years, but if the bottle is marked with the words "12M" and "6M", it means that the use period after opening is only 12 months or 6 months at most. Unfortunately, sometimes it is not that we did not look carefully, but cosmetics do not indicate the production date or shelf life at all, in this case, generally can be found on the packaging batch number, if it is a well-known brand of cosmetics, with these batch numbers on the Internet can also find the production date, cosmetics are recommended not to use to the last few days of the period, it is best to be safer and more secure a month in advance. If you are lazy, it doesn't matter, the following table summarizes the expiration date of common cosmetics after opening (of course, please refer to the product packaging).
· 3. Pay attention to whether there are changes in cosmetics
When cosmetics appear odor, viscosity, color changes, or water and oil separation, sediment, etc., may be a signal that cosmetics are contaminated, then it is best not to use.
· 4. Pay attention to the classification and use
Cosmetics are also "status" points, according to the provisions of the US FDA, children's cosmetics, eye cosmetics belong to a class of cosmetics, they contain the upper limit of the number of bacteria at the factory is more stringent than ordinary cosmetics - the upper limit of the number of bacteria in ordinary cosmetics is 2 times that of a class of cosmetics. Therefore, when applying cosmetics around the eyes or using cosmetics for children, it is safer to use special targeted products as much as possible.
· 5. Try to choose cosmetics with guaranteed brand
Cosmetics may have been contaminated before they are delivered to us, and unhygienic raw materials and unclean processes are potential risks. For example, jars and bottles are more susceptible to microbial contamination during production, environmental concerns in storage locations are of concern, and closed system configurations (sealed pump packs) are less susceptible to contamination. Therefore, when buying cosmetics, do not covet cheap and buy brands that cannot be guaranteed of quality, many cosmetics, although they look similar, but the hygiene may vary depending on the production process.
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