Author: Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Zhu Sha
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > peppercorns</h1>
In the TV series "The Biography of Zhen Huan", the emperor once gave Zhen Huan, who was a nobleman, the "pet of the pepper room", which can be described as a great grace in the royal family. So what was this "pepper room" that actually made the masters and slaves of The Broken Jade Xuan rejoice?
The Book of Han and the Biography of Che Qianqiu Yan Shigu note: "The name of the pepper room hall, the queen's residence, painted the wall with pepper and mud, taking its warmth and fangye." ”
In the Han Dynasty, the palace where the empress lived was very extravagant to paint the walls with peppercorns and mud, borrow the fragrant fragrance of the peppercorns to relieve the liver and rationalize the qi, regulate the women's emotions, borrow the warm and dry nature of the peppercorns to warm the palace and remove dampness, help women to get pregnant and give birth, and later generations called it "the pet of the pepper room".
Ancient people used peppercorns as precious spices and medicines, but modern people's understanding of peppercorns mostly starts from the hot pot base! So, do you know that in addition to being a seasoning, what are the important medicinal properties of peppercorns? Let's take a look!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="111" > historical origins</h1>
Peppercorns have a long history of cultivation in China, and the earliest documentary records appear on "Erya", which is called "Shuan" or "Big Pepper". Aliases include pepper red, Qin pepper, Shu pepper, ba pepper, Sichuan pepper, Han pepper, etc., or simply pepper.
The ancient people already knew how to use peppercorns as medicinal herbs.
The Shennong Materia Medica records: "The Lord's evil qi coughs and reverses, warms up, bone-to-bone skin dead muscles, cold, wet, paralyzing, and breathing." ”
The Compendium of Materia Medica says: "Pepper, a pure yang thing, has a spicy and hemp taste, and its temperature is hot." Enter the lungs to disperse cold, cure cough; enter the spleen to dehumidify, cure cold and wet paralysis, edema and diarrhea; enter the right kidney to replenish fire, cure the number of yang decline, weak feet, long diarrhea. ”
The use of peppercorns as a condiment was first seen in the Three Kingdoms Lu Jie's "Mao Shi Cao Mu Shu", which wrote: "The truth of the pepper chat ... The Shu people make tea and the Wu people make tea, and they all boil the leaves together to make incense. There is a bamboo leaf pepper in the mountains of Jinchenggao, which is also like a shu pepper, less poisonous and hot, and not a combination of medicine. In the diet, steamed chicken intestines are used for the best flavor. ”
Peppercorns are mainly produced in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places. Among them, the peppercorns produced by Sichuan Hanyuan are of good quality and are National Geographical Indication products of China. Due to the tribute royal family of the dynasties, it is called "tribute pepper", which is famous at home and abroad.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="112" > efficacy indications</h1>
This product is a dried ripe peel of green pepper or peppercorn of the rue family. Ripe fruits are harvested in autumn and dried in the sun to remove seeds and impurities.
1. Sexual taste and attribution
Sim, Warm. Return to the spleen, stomach, kidney meridians.
2. Function and indications
Warm to relieve pain, insecticidal and anti-itching. It is used for cold pain in the abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain in worms; external treatment of eczema, itching.
3. Usage and dosage
For internal use: decoction, 3 to 6g; or into pills. External use: appropriate amount, decoction and wash, or gargling, or grinding powder to adjust the compress.
4. Clinical application
(1) It is used for stomach and abdomen cold pain, cold and wet diarrhea and other symptoms.
This product is warm and dry, into the spleen and stomach meridian, longer than the temperature in the dry and wet, cold and pain-relieving, anti-nausea and anti-diarrhea. Often used with ginger, white cardamom, etc., to treat external cold and internal invasion, stomach cold abdominal pain, vomiting and other symptoms; compatible with dried ginger, ginseng, etc., to treat spleen and stomach deficiency and cold, abdominal cold pain, vomiting, do not think about diet, etc., such as Dajianzhong soup; used with nutmeg, can treat summer wounds wet and cold, diarrhea, such as Sichuan pepper pills. For the treatment of cold and wet diarrhea, abdominal pain, it can be used with Cangshu, tangerine peel, magnolia, licorice and so on. Treat the cold pain in the stomach and abdomen externally, fry it hot, and wrap the cloth to warm the sore place, which can play a role in relieving pain.
(2) For roundworm abdominal pain, eczema itching, itchy yin and other symptoms.
This product has the function of repelling roundworms and insects. Often used with Ume, dried ginger, yellow cedar, etc., to treat insect accumulation abdominal pain, hand and foot rebellion, boredom and vomiting, etc., such as Wumei Pills; single decoction as a retained enema, with the treatment of pediatric pinworm disease, perianal itching; if with Evodia, Cnidium, Quinoa, Chen tea, burning salt, water decoction and washing, cure women's itching unbearable, non-hot soup soaking can not be washed, such as pepper soup; single use or with bitter ginseng, snake bed, ground skin, yellow cedar, etc., decoction soup outside the washing, cure eczema itching.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="118" > trait identification</h1>
1. Green pepper
Most of them are 2 to 3 small fruit that are detached from the upper part, which are concentrated on the small fruit stalk, and the fruit is spherical, cracked along the abdominal suture line, and has a diameter of 3 to 4 mm. The outer surface is grayish green or dark green, scattered with most oil spots and fine mesh bulges; the inner surface is white and smooth. The inner peel is often separated from the outer peel by the base. The remaining seeds are ovate, 3 to 4 mm long and 2 to 3 mm in diameter, with a black and shiny surface. Fragrant, slightly sweet and spicy.
2. Peppercorns
The fruit is mostly solitary, with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm. The outer surface is purple-red or brownish-red, scattered with most warty oil spots, 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter, translucent to light observation, and the inner surface is pale yellow. The aroma is strong, spicy and long-lasting.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="120" > pharmacological studies</h1>
Modern research has proved that the chemical components of peppercorns mainly include volatile oils, alkaloids, amides, coumarins, terpenes, amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, proteins, etc., as well as flavonoids, sterols, lignans and so on.
1. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system
Peppercorns have the effect of lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids and protecting the heart muscle.
2. Central nervous system
Peppercorns have a strong anesthetic and anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. For example, the volatile oil of peppercorns can make tooth extraction painless by anesthesia of oral mucosa.
3. Blood system
Peppercorns can inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent thrombosis.
4. Digestive system
Pepper water extract can significantly inhibit gastrointestinal propulsion movement, and has a two-way effect of low concentration excitation and high concentration inhibition on gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Peppercorns also have anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective choleretic, anti-diarrhea and other effects.
5. Antibacterial effect
Peppercorn volatile oil has certain bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on 11 species of dermatophytes and 4 kinds of deep fungi; pepper volatile oil and decoction have a complete inhibitory effect on 10 kinds of gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and 7 kinds of Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli, Proteus, and Vibrio cholerae.
6. Others
Peppercorns also have the effects of insect repellent, insecticide, anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia, antioxidant, anti-tumor, asthma, cough and expectorant.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="121" > health tips</h1>
1. Peppercorn ginger jujube tea
Ingredients: 7 peppercorns, 3 grams of small yellow ginger, 6 red dates, 2 small pieces of brown sugar.
Directions: Place the above ingredients in a thermos cup, brew in boiling water, simmer for 10 minutes and drink.
Effect: Dry and wet pain relief, warm and cold. It can be used for women with cold dysmenorrhea (vaginal discharge is more and thin, long-term dysmenorrhea), male kidney cold, help remove the cold and dampness under the scorch; prevent the jaw acne caused by the cold and dampness of adults.
2: Soak your feet with pepper water
Ingredients: 50 grams of peppercorns, water to taste.
Directions: Place the peppercorns in a cotton wrap and tie tightly with a rope. Bring to a boil in water, soak your feet in water, and after about 20 minutes, wash and dry your feet with warm water. Soak your feet once a night before going to bed, with red skin on your feet and a slight sweat on your face, and the pepper bag can be used repeatedly, and then replaced with a new one in a week or so.
Effect: Activate blood circulation, drive cold and dehumidify. It can strengthen the body's immunity to influenza viruses or other infectious diseases and promote sleep.
3: Chicken with pepper and shallot oil
Ingredients: 5 grams of peppercorns, 1 chicken (about 300 grams), 5 ml of soy sauce, 4 grams of monosodium glutamate, 5 ml of sesame oil, 5 g of ginger, 3 g of salt, 4 ml of vinegar, 4 g of green onion.
method:
● Put the pre-treated whole chicken in a pot of boiling water and cook until it is nine minutes cooked, then chop it into pieces. Arrange them one by one in a bowl, with ginger and green onions on top.
● Fry the charred peppercorns over a low flame with sesame oil, pour the oil into a bowl containing chicken nuggets, mix the soy sauce, vinegar, salt, monosodium glutamate, etc., and pour them into the bowl containing the chicken nuggets. Ready to serve.
Effect: Dehumidifying stomach, warm and cold.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="125" >not use caution</h1>
This product is spicy and dry, so internal use should not be excessive, yin deficiency fire is contraindicated, pregnant women should be cautious.
Reviewer: Ye Yingxia, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
The above is the original work of the volunteers of the "Drug Safety Cooperation Alliance", if you reprint, please indicate the author and source!
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