Agricultural world
Soybean "symptom green" phenomenon has a long history, since this century, it has occurred everywhere, resulting in extremely poor commerciality, serious plot particles no harvest, increasingly serious, is a prominent problem in soybean production, has become a "cancer" in the production of soybeans in the Huanghuai-Huai-Hai summer. In recent years, the results of research have proved that the "murderer" of the disease is the spot bee bug.
Spot bee marginal bugs 1 to 5 year nymphs
Adult spot bee-edge bugs
●Hazard characteristics●
Spot bee-edge bugs occur in 2 to 3 generations a year, and adults overwinter in dead leaves and grass. Spot bee edge bugs are omnivorous, with a wide range of hosts, both adult and nymphs can be harmful, and young nymphs resemble "ants", and their adult pests are particularly serious. When the bean vegetables begin to flower and bear fruit, the insect often clusters as a pest, sucking the leaves, young shoots and fruit juice, causing the veins above the suction point to become black, the color of the mesopause tissue to darken and die, resulting in buds and flowers withering, prolonging the growth period, and forming deformed fruits, fruit pods that are not solid or grained; In severe cases, the whole plant is deflated, and the particles are not harvested.
●Prevention and control technology●
Close monitoring of the field population dynamics of bee-edge bugs at the site, in the plots with a moderate to heavy incidence, the coordinated integrated control measures of agriculture, biology and chemistry should be adopted; in the plots with less severe incidence, it can be combined with the control of other pests.
01
Agricultural control
(1) First of all, before winter, the straw and dead branches and leaves on the edge of the ground can be collected on the edge of the ground, landfilled with soil, and pated to overwinter and decompose, as the organic matter of the field in the following year, and can be removed to avoid overwintering adult insects, and the source base of overwintering insects can be depressed.
(2) Secondly, timely eradicate wild plants with early flowers and early fruiting on the edge of the field, avoid them as excessive hosts in early spring, and reduce some insect sources.
(3) Implement crop rotation, and implement a rotation period of at least 1 year in soybean plots.
(4) Cultivate fertility and soil power, increase the application of organic fertilizer, cultivate strong seedlings, and enhance the resistance of soybean body.
02
Biocontrol
Protect and utilize natural predators. Predatory predators include bulbous spiders, long mantises and dragonflies, and parasitic natural enemies such as the black egg wasp, which play an important role in controlling the occurrence of bee margin bugs at the point.
03
chemical control
(1) Control period: Soybean flowering peak began to control.
(2) Control indicators: Adult insects can be seen in the field to start control.
(3) Control strategy: soybean plant flowering period, the initial pod stage, but also the point bee edge bug adult spawning period, nymphs as the peak period, start the drug spray control, interval 10-15 days, continuous application of 2 to 3 times. In view of the strong flight and movement ability of the spot bee edge bug and the large number of hosts, it is recommended to implement a large-scale unified defense rule.
(4) Agent and dosage (constant spray): mu of medicinal liquid 40 ~ 50 kg, the agent is stirred evenly, the spray is thoughtful and meticulous, the key spray sites are soybean flowers, pods and tender tips.
Scheme 1: 1% methylaminoavermectin benzoate emulsion (methyl vitamin salt) 20~30 ml/mu;
Scheme 2: 2.5% high efficiency cyfcypermethrin emulsion 20~25 ml/mu;
Scheme 3: 2.5% high efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 20 ml/mu + 1% methylamino avermectin benzoate emulsion (methyl vitamin salt) 15 ml/mu.
Scheme 4: 4.5% high efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 25 ml / mu + 50% flufenamidine nitrile water dispersible granules 10 g / mu.
●Precautions●
1. The pesticide application operator should wear protective facilities, and it is not allowed to eat, drink and smoke during the application of the drug.
2. Pay attention to the weather conditions when applying the drug, generally rainy days, before rain, windy weather, and high temperatures. The drug should be sprayed downwind to avoid poisoning of the applicator.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and control appropriately increases the amount of medicinal liquid per mu with the growth and development of soybeans to ensure the quality of spray.
4, suspension agent, water dispersible granules and wettable powder directly added to the sprayer is not easy to dissolve evenly, so it is necessary to use the secondary dilution method. That is, the agent is first stirred and dissolved with a small amount of water, and then added to the medicine bucket according to the amount of medication, and stirred evenly after adding water.
5. If the operator has symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, etc., he should immediately leave the drug application site, take off the contaminated clothes, rinse his mouth, wipe his hands, face and skin and other exposed parts, and send them to the hospital for treatment in time.
Author: Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hebei Soybean Industry Technology System Plant Protection Soil Fertilizer Team Gao Zhanlin, Dang Zhihong, Li Yaofa, Yuan Libing, Bi Qiuyan, Li Xiuhua